CTCF depletion uncouples the role of enhancer-promoter interactions and higher-order chromatin hubs in gene regulation during cellular differentiation [Micro-Capture-C]
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT: CTCF depletion uncouples the role of enhancer-promoter interactions and higher-order chromatin hubs in gene regulation during cellular differentiation [Micro-Capture-C]
Project description:CTCF depletion uncouples the role of enhancer-promoter interactions and higher-order chromatin hubs in gene regulation during cellular differentiation.
Project description:CTCF depletion uncouples the role of enhancer-promoter interactions and higher-order chromatin hubs in gene regulation during cellular differentiation [ChIPmentation]
Project description:CTCF depletion uncouples the role of enhancer-promoter interactions and higher-order chromatin hubs in gene regulation during cellular differentiation [Capture-C]
Project description:CTCF depletion uncouples the role of enhancer-promoter interactions and higher-order chromatin hubs in gene regulation during cellular differentiation [RNA-seq]
Project description:CTCF depletion uncouples the role of enhancer-promoter interactions and higher-order chromatin hubs in gene regulation during cellular differentiation [Tri-C]
Project description:Enhancers and promoters interact in 3D chromatin structures to regulate gene expression. The mechanisms that drive the formation of these structures and their function during cellular differentiation are incompletely understood. Here, we study the structure-function relationship of the genome in a lymphoid-to-myeloid differentiation system at very high resolution. We demonstrate a close correlation between binding of regulatory proteins, formation of chromatin interactions, and gene expression. By integrating analysis of single-allele topologies and computational modeling, we show that tissue-specific gene loci are organized into chromatin hubs, characterized by cooperative interactions between multiple enhancers, promoters, and CTCF-binding sites. Depletion of CTCF leads to a near-complete loss of these structures, which indicates that CTCF-mediated interactions provide a scaffold for chromatin hub formation. In contrast, the effects of CTCF depletion on gene expression are relatively mild and can be explained by rewired enhancer-promoter interactions. Together, our results demonstrate an instructive role for enhancer-promoter interactions in gene regulation during cellular differentiation, which does not depend on cooperative interactions in chromatin hubs.
Project description:We develop Split-Pool Recognition of Interactions by Tag Extension (SPRITE), which enables genome-wide detection of higher-order interactions that occur simultaneously within the nucleus in a proximity-ligation independent manner. We generated SPRITE maps in two mammalian cell types – mouse embryonic stem cells (mES) and human lymphoblastoid cells (GM12878). We generated ~1.5 billion sequencing reads from each sample and recapitulate known genome structures identified by Hi-C, including chromosome territories, compartments, topologically associated domains, and loop structures, and identify that many of these occur within higher-order structures in the nucleus. Because SPRITE does not rely on proximity-ligation, we find that SPRITE identifies interactions that occur across larger spatial distances than can be observed by Hi-C. These long-range interactions include two major hubs of inter-chromosomal interactions. We extended SPRITE to enable simultaneous measurements of RNA and DNA interactions and observe ribosomal RNA interactions across specific regions on the genome that correspond to DNA organization around the nucleolus. We show that gene-dense regions that are highly transcribed by PolII organize around nuclear speckles and gene poor, and therefore transcriptionally inactive, regions that are centromere-proximal organize around the nucleolus. In addition to the regions that directly associate around these nuclear bodies, we find that a substantial fraction of the genome exhibits preferential spatial positioning in the nucleus relative to each of these nuclear bodies and that the spatial preferences identified by SPRITE are highly correlated with 3D distances measured by microscopy.
Project description:Enhancers and promoters interact in 3D chromatin structures to regulate gene expression. The mechanisms that drive the formation of these structures and their function during cellular differentiation are incompletely understood. Here, we study the structure-function relationship of the genome in a lymphoid-to-myeloid differentiation system at very high resolution. We demonstrate a close correlation between binding of regulatory proteins, formation of chromatin interactions, and gene expression. By integrating analysis of single-allele topologies and computational modeling, we show that tissue-specific gene loci are organized into chromatin hubs, characterized by cooperative interactions between multiple enhancers, promoters, and CTCF-binding sites. Depletion of CTCF leads to a near-complete loss of these structures, which indicates that CTCF-mediated interactions provide a scaffold for chromatin hub formation. In contrast, the effects of CTCF depletion on gene expression are relatively mild and can be explained by rewired enhancer-promoter interactions. Together, our results demonstrate an instructive role for enhancer-promoter interactions in gene regulation during cellular differentiation, which does not depend on cooperative interactions in chromatin hubs.
Project description:Enhancers and promoters interact in 3D chromatin structures to regulate gene expression. The mechanisms that drive the formation of these structures and their function during cellular differentiation are incompletely understood. Here, we study the structure-function relationship of the genome in a lymphoid-to-myeloid differentiation system at very high resolution. We demonstrate a close correlation between binding of regulatory proteins, formation of chromatin interactions, and gene expression. By integrating analysis of single-allele topologies and computational modeling, we show that tissue-specific gene loci are organized into chromatin hubs, characterized by cooperative interactions between multiple enhancers, promoters, and CTCF-binding sites. Depletion of CTCF leads to a near-complete loss of these structures, which indicates that CTCF-mediated interactions provide a scaffold for chromatin hub formation. In contrast, the effects of CTCF depletion on gene expression are relatively mild and can be explained by rewired enhancer-promoter interactions. Together, our results demonstrate an instructive role for enhancer-promoter interactions in gene regulation during cellular differentiation, which does not depend on cooperative interactions in chromatin hubs.