Project description:Despite the global importance of forests, it is virtually unknown how their soil microbial communities adapt at the phylogenetic and functional level to long term metal pollution. Studying twelve sites located along two distinct gradients of metal pollution in Southern Poland revealed that both community composition (via MiSeq Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA genes) and functional gene potential (using GeoChip 4.2) were highly similar across the gradients despite drastically diverging metal contamination levels. Metal pollution level significantly impacted microbial community structure (p = 0.037), but not bacterial taxon richness. Metal pollution altered the relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa, including Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Planctomycetes and Proteobacteria. Also, a group of metal resistance genes showed significant correlations with metal concentrations in soil, although no clear impact of metal pollution levels on overall functional diversity and structure of microbial communities was observed. While screens of phylogenetic marker genes, such as 16S rRNA, provided only limited insight into resilience mechanisms, analysis of specific functional genes, e.g. involved in metal resistance, appeared to be a more promising strategy. This study showed that the effect of metal pollution on soil microbial communities was not straightforward, but could be filtered out from natural variation and habitat factors by multivariate statistical analysis and spatial sampling involving separate pollution gradients.
Project description:Despite the global importance of forests, it is virtually unknown how their soil microbial communities adapt at the phylogenetic and functional level to long term metal pollution. Studying twelve sites located along two distinct gradients of metal pollution in Southern Poland revealed that both community composition (via MiSeq Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA genes) and functional gene potential (using GeoChip 4.2) were highly similar across the gradients despite drastically diverging metal contamination levels. Metal pollution level significantly impacted microbial community structure (p = 0.037), but not bacterial taxon richness. Metal pollution altered the relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa, including Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Planctomycetes and Proteobacteria. Also, a group of metal resistance genes showed significant correlations with metal concentrations in soil, although no clear impact of metal pollution levels on overall functional diversity and structure of microbial communities was observed. While screens of phylogenetic marker genes, such as 16S rRNA, provided only limited insight into resilience mechanisms, analysis of specific functional genes, e.g. involved in metal resistance, appeared to be a more promising strategy. This study showed that the effect of metal pollution on soil microbial communities was not straightforward, but could be filtered out from natural variation and habitat factors by multivariate statistical analysis and spatial sampling involving separate pollution gradients. 12 samples were collected from two long-term polluted areas (Olkusz and Miasteczko M-EM-^ZlM-DM-^Eskie) in Southern Poland. In the study presented here, a consecutively operated, well-defined cohort of 50 NSCLC cases, followed up more than five years, was used to acquire expression profiles of a total of 8,644 unique genes, leading to the successful construction of supervised
Project description:Comparison of genome-wide gene expression between humans living in areas of high levels of air pollution and less polluted areas. Keywords: Comparison of genome-wide gene expression between different conditions
Project description:Comparison of genome-wide gene expression between humans living in areas of high levels of air pollution and less polluted areas. Experiment Overall Design: The study investigated differential gene expression in peripheral blood from 23 children and 12 adults from a region of residence with high levels of air pollution as compared to 24 children and 12 adults from a less-polluted area.Two conditions: living in the polluted or in the less-polluted area. One individual per array, hybridized against a common reference sample
Project description:Cr(III) is the dominant toxicant at some Superfund sites within the United States and therefore we are interested in its effects. Cr(III)’s mechanisms are not well studied or understood because of its low bioavailability. We have attempted to characterize the effects of Cr(III) on gene expression in the liver of adult male Fundulus heteroclitus. The NOEC and LOEC were determined at 32 and 64mg/L, respectively, by measuring growth after exposing juveniles for 30 days. Secondary exposures were performed with adult males at 32mg/L, livers excised, and RNA extracted. Microarrays were probed with cDNA from untreated or Cr(III)-exposed adult fish and gene expression was quantified. Cr(III) at 32mg/L altered the expression of 5 genes, including GSTalpha, GSTtheta, and ALDH4. Ultimately, we anticipate using this gene expression information to determine whether chromium is available at potentially adverse concentrations in contaminated sites. Keywords: dose response
Project description:We performed microarrays to identify change of gene expression under NR, CR, and RM and found differentially expressed genes between each condition.