Fermented Soy Food
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1124647 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:To understand the complex mechanism of estrogen action, multiple assays based on different biological principles is important. Here, multiple assays based on cell, protein and transcription assays were used to evaluate estrogenic activity of soymilk extracts before and after fermentation, and four soy compounds, genistein and daidzein, and their glycosides, genistin and daidzin, respectively. The data obtained by a transcription assay, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), was further examined by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database analysis to understand cell functions, i.e. biological processes and metabolic pathways. Among the cell functions identified, the sets of genes for cell division/cell cycle and DNA replication/DNA repair are significantly up-regulated, whereas those for autophagy are significantly down-regulated, which explains well the enhanced activity of cell proliferation by these materials. The applications of estrogenic activity of soymilk extracts and soy flavonoids, and the contribution of fermentation, include pharmacological benefits, such as bone protection/bone regeneration, cancer chemoprevention, neuroprotection and the treatment of menopausal syndromes.
2023-10-31 | GSE226627 | GEO
Project description:Doenjang and ganjang are secondary fermented soybean products from meju (primary fermented product) following a complex fermentation process that separates the products into solid (doenjang) and liquid (ganjang) states. We performed a comparative study on gas chromatography mass spectrometry-(GC-MS) and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry-(LC-MS) based metabolite profiling with fungal and bacterial microbial community analysis of doenjang and ganjang during fermentation. Metabolite profiling and microbial community data showed distinct patterns, depending on the fermentation process. The relative levels of metabolic patterns were similar and most of the microorganisms produced halophilic or halotolerant microbes during the fermentation period in doenjang and ganjang. In the doenjang end products, isoflavones, soyasaponins, and amino acids were largely distributed and Debaryomyces and Staphylococcus were dominant, whereas the biogenic amine and phenylpropanoid contents were highly distributed in the ganjang end products, with higher levels of Meyerozyma and Tetragenococcus. Our results demonstrate that the quality of doenjang and ganjang is predominantly influenced by the microbiome and by metabolite changes during fermentation. Moreover, the present study provides a platform for comparing samples in different states.
| S-EPMC8003076 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo investigate the association between several types of soy products and all cause and cause specific mortality.DesignPopulation based cohort study.SettingJapan Public Health Centre-based Prospective Study, which includes 11 public health centre areas in Japan.Participants92 915 participants (42 750 men and 50 165 women) aged 45 to 74 years.ExposuresIntake of total soy products, fermented soy products (natto and miso), non-fermented soy products, and tofu from a five year survey questionnaire.Main outcome measuresAll cause and cause specific mortality (cancer, total cardiovascular disease, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, respiratory disease, and injury) obtained from residential registries and death certificates.ResultsDuring 14.8 years of follow-up, 13 303 deaths were identified. In the multivariable adjusted models, intake of total soy products was not significantly associated with total mortality. Compared with the lowest fifth of total soy product intake, the hazard ratios in the highest fifth were 0.98 (95% confidence interval 0.91 to 1.06, Ptrend=0.43) in men and 0.98 (0.89 to 1.08, Ptrend=0.46) in women. Intake of fermented soy products was inversely associated with all cause mortality in both sexes (highest versus lowest fifth: 0.90 (0.83 to 0.97), Ptrend=0.05 in men, and 0.89 (0.80 to 0.98), Ptrend=0.01 in women). Natto showed significant and inverse associations with total cardiovascular disease related mortality in both sexes.ConclusionsIn this study a higher intake of fermented soy was associated with a lower risk of mortality. A significant association between intake of total soy products and all cause mortality was not, however, observed. The findings should be interpreted with caution because the significant association of fermented soy products might be attenuated by unadjusted residual confounding.
| S-EPMC7190045 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Fermented soybean food Raw sequence reads
| PRJNA435911 | ENA
Project description:Though varying metabolomes are believed to influence distinctive characteristics of different soy foods, an in-depth, comprehensive analysis of both soluble and volatile metabolites is largely unreported. The metabolite profiles of different soy products, including cheonggukjang, meju, doenjang, and raw soybean, were characterized using LC-MS (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry), GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry), and headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) GC-MS. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the datasets for the cheonggukjang, meju, and doenjang extracts were distinguished from the non-fermented soybean across PC1, while those for cheonggukjang and doenjang were separated across PC2. Volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles were clearly distinct among doenjang and soybean, cheonggukjang, and meju samples. Notably, the relative contents of the isoflavone glycosides and DDMP (2,3-dihydro-2,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one) conjugated soyasaponins were higher in soybean and cheonggukjang, compared to doenjang, while the isoflavone aglycones, non-DDMP conjugated soyasaponins, and amino acids were significantly higher in doenjang. Most VOCs, including the sulfur containing compounds aldehydes, esters, and furans, were relatively abundant in doenjang. However, pyrazines, 3-methylbutanoic acid, maltol, and methoxyphenol were higher in cheonggukjang, which contributed to the characteristic aroma of soy foods. We believe that this study provides the fundamental insights on soy food metabolomes, which determine their nutritional, functional, organoleptic, and aroma characteristics.
| S-EPMC8624193 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Arthrospira platensis, commercially known as Spirulina, is a fresh-water cyanobacterium that has been gaining increasing attention in recent years due to its high biological and nutritional value. For this reason, it has been employed in several food applications, to obtain or enhance functional and technological properties of cheese, yogurt, bread, cookies or pasta. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential boosting effect of two different concentrations (0.25% and 0.50% w/v) of A. platensis on the fermentation capability of several starter lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains, 1 probiotic and 4 commercial mix culture. These strains were used to ferment three different substrates and their fermentation behaviors were evaluated by impedance analyses together with rheological and color measurements. In tryptic soy broth (TSB), the A. platensis boosting effect was significantly higher if compared to yeast extract for all the starter LAB strains except for Lb. casei, which was equally stimulated. Different results were found when the same LAB strains were cultivated in SSM. The most evident boosting effect was found for S. thermophilus and Lb. casei. LAB growth was promoted by A. platensis, confirming that it could be a useful tool in the production of novel functional fermented dairy foods. The potential boosting effect was evaluated on four commercial mix cultures used to produce milk and soy fermented beverages. It was demonstrated that the booster effect took place, but it was variable and dependent not only on the mix culture used, but also on the substrate and A. platensis concentration. Also, rheological and color modifications were found to be dependent on these factors.
| S-EPMC7142653 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Fermented foods represent a significant fraction of human diets. Although their impact on health is positively perceived, an objective evaluation is still missing. We have, therefore, reviewed meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCT) investigating the relationship between fermented foods and non-transmissible chronic diseases. Overall, after summarizing 25 prospective studies on dairy products, the association of fermented dairy with cancer was found to be neutral, whereas it was weakly beneficial, though inconsistent, for specific aspects of cardio-metabolic health, in particular stroke and cheese intake. The strongest evidence for a beneficial effect was for yoghurt on risk factors of type 2 diabetes. Although mechanisms explaining this association have not been validated, an increased bioavailability of insulinotropic amino acids and peptides as well as the bacterial biosynthesis of vitamins, in particular vitamin K2, might contribute to this beneficial effect. However, the heterogeneity in the design of the studies and the investigated foods impedes a definitive assessment of these associations. The literature on fermented plants is characterized by a wealth of in vitro data, whose positive results are not corroborated in humans due to the absence of RCTs. Finally, none of the RCTs were specifically designed to address the impact of food fermentation on health. This question should be addressed in future human studies.
| S-EPMC5946233 | biostudies-other