Managing the tradeoff between reproduction and survival requires flexibility in behavior and gene regulation in threespined stickleback
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1133817 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR29759510_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR29759510_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR29759511_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR29759511_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR29759512_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Predators exert a powerful selective force, however predatoravoidance can conflict with other important activities such as attracting mates. Decisions over whether to court mates versus avoid predators are vital to fitness, yet the mechanistic underpinnings of how animals manage such tradeoffs are poorly understood. Here, we investigate flexibility of behavior and gene regulation in response to a tradeoff between avoiding predators (survival) and courting potential mates (reproduction) in threespined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). We compared behavioral and transcriptomic responses of male sticklebacks faced with a courtship opportunity and cues of a predator simultaneously to males faced with a courtship opportunity or cues of a predator alone, and found that males behaviorally compromised courtship in favor of predator avoidance when faced with a tradeoff between them. The need to manage this tradeoff elicited dynamic changes in brain gene expression, and sets of functionally-connected genes were organized into discrete modules based on co-expression. Additionally, we found that behavioral flexibility in response to tradeoffs corresponded to flexibility in gene regulatory network structure. Combined, these results uncover the coordinated response by the brain to a fundamental ecological tradeoff, providing insight into the structure and function of genetic networks underpinning how animals make fitness-influencing decisions.
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Project description:An animal’s ability to effectively capture prey and defend against predators is pivotal to its survival1. A key innovation in many predator-prey interactions is venom, which consists of many toxin proteins that shape its phenotype2. Its unusually direct relationship of gene-toxin-phenotype make it an appealing system for studies at the organismal level 3,4. In this work we use the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis as a model organism as it provides us with the opportunity to test for the first time how toxin-genotypes impact predator-prey interactions. Specifically, we compare a native-population5 and a transgenic line which both have significantly reduced levels of Nv1, the major toxin in adult Nematostella6, to animals with wildtype levels of Nv1. We demonstrate that the transgenic strain phenocopies native anemones lacking Nv1 as they both have impaired ability to defend themselves against grass shrimp, a native predator. Mummichog killifish, unexpectedly are attracted to Nematostella with wildtype-levels of Nv1, highlighting that Nv1 plays a complex role in shaping interspecific-interactions. Finally, we demonstrate an evolutionary tradeoff as the reduction of Nv1 levels causes faster growth and increased reproductive rates compared to Nematostella control lines. Overall, our results experimentally link organism’s venom to its physiology, reproduction and interspecific interactions.
2023-12-31 | PXD043447 | Pride
Project description:An animal’s ability to effectively capture prey and defend against predators is pivotal to its survival1. A key innovation in many predator-prey interactions is venom, which consists of many toxin proteins that shape its phenotype2. Its unusually direct relationship of gene-toxin-phenotype make it an appealing system for studies at the organismal level 3,4. In this work we use the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis as a model organism as it provides us with the opportunity to test for the first time how toxin-genotypes impact predator-prey interactions. Specifically, we compare a native-population5 and a transgenic line which both have significantly reduced levels of Nv1, the major toxin in adult Nematostella6, to animals with wildtype levels of Nv1. We demonstrate that the transgenic strain phenocopies native anemones lacking Nv1 as they both have impaired ability to defend themselves against grass shrimp, a native predator. Mummichog killifish, unexpectedly are attracted to Nematostella with wildtype-levels of Nv1, highlighting that Nv1 plays a complex role in shaping interspecific-interactions. Finally, we demonstrate an evolutionary tradeoff as the reduction of Nv1 levels causes faster growth and increased reproductive rates compared to Nematostella control lines. Overall, our results experimentally link organism’s venom to its physiology, reproduction and interspecific interactions.
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Project description:TRL-1 undergoes phase separation to regulate the reproduction and longevity tradeoff
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Project description:After the end of the last ice age, ancestrally marine threespine stickleback fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus) have undergone an adaptive radiation into freshwater environments throughout the Northern Hemisphere, creating an excellent model system for studying molecular adaptation and speciation. Stickleback populations are reproductively isolated to varying degrees, despite the fact that they can be crossed in the lab to produce viable offspring. Ecological and behavioral factors have been suggested to underlie incipient stickleback speciation. However, reproductive proteins represent a previously unexplored driver of speciation. As mediators of gamete recognition during fertilization, reproductive proteins both create and maintain species boundaries. Gamete recognition proteins are also frequently found to be rapidly evolving, and their divergence may culminate in reproductive isolation and ultimately speciation. As an initial investigation into the contribution of reproductive proteins to stickleback reproductive isolation, we characterized the egg coat proteome of threespine stickleback eggs. In agreement with other teleosts, we find that stickleback egg coats are comprised of homologs to the zona pellucida (ZP) proteins ZP1 and ZP3. We explore aspects of stickleback ZP protein biology, including glycosylation, disulfide bonding, and sites of synthesis, and find many substantial differences compared to their mammalian homologs. Furthermore, molecular evolutionary analyses indicate that ZP3, but not ZP1, has experienced positive Darwinian selection across teleost fish. Taken together, these changes to stickleback ZP protein architecture suggest that the egg coats of stickleback fish, and perhaps fish more generally, have evolved to fulfill a more protective functional role than their mammalian counterparts.
2021-05-26 | PXD017488 | Pride
Project description:After the end of the last ice age, ancestrally marine threespine stickleback fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus) have undergone an adaptive radiation into freshwater environments throughout the Northern Hemisphere, creating an excellent model system for studying molecular adaptation and speciation. Stickleback populations are reproductively isolated to varying degrees, despite the fact that they can be crossed in the lab to produce viable offspring. Ecological and behavioral factors have been suggested to underlie incipient stickleback speciation. However, reproductive proteins represent a previously unexplored driver of speciation. As mediators of gamete recognition during fertilization, reproductive proteins both create and maintain species boundaries. Gamete recognition proteins are also frequently found to be rapidly evolving, and their divergence may culminate in reproductive isolation and ultimately speciation. As an initial investigation into the contribution of reproductive proteins to stickleback reproductive isolation, we characterized the egg coat proteome of threespine stickleback eggs. In agreement with other teleosts, we find that stickleback egg coats are comprised of homologs to the zona pellucida (ZP) proteins ZP1 and ZP3. We explore aspects of stickleback ZP protein biology, including glycosylation, disulfide bonding, and sites of synthesis, and find many substantial differences compared to their mammalian homologs. Furthermore, molecular evolutionary analyses indicate that ZP3, but not ZP1, has experienced positive Darwinian selection across teleost fish. Taken together, these changes to stickleback ZP protein architecture suggest that the egg coats of stickleback fish, and perhaps fish more generally, have evolved to fulfill a more protective functional role than their mammalian counterparts.
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Project description:Microevolutionary change in wild stickleback
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Project description:Fit phenotypes are achieved through optimal transcriptomic allocation. Here, we performed a high-resolution, multi-scale study of the transcriptomic tradeoff between two key fitness phenotypes, stress response (fear) and growth (greed), in Escherichia coli. We introduced 12 RNA polymerase (RNAP) mutations commonly acquired during adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) and found that single mutations could result in large shifts in this fear vs. greed tradeoff likely through destabilizing the rpoB-rpoC interface. RpoS and GAD regulons drive the fear response while ribosomal proteins and the ppGpp regulon underlie greed. Growth rate selection pressure during ALE results in endpoint strains that universally have RNAP mutations, with synergistic mutations reflective of particular conditions. A phylogenetic analysis found the tradeoff in numerous bacteria species and one archaea species. The results suggest that the tradeoff represents a general principle of transcriptome allocation in bacteria where small genetic changes can result in large phenotypic adaptations to growth conditions.
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Project description:Three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) represents a convenient model to study microevolution - adaptation to freshwater environment. While genetic adaptations to freshwater are well-studied, epigenetic adaptations attracted little attention. In this work, we investigated the role of DNA methylation in the adaptation of marine stickleback population to freshwater conditions. DNA methylation profiling was performed in marine and freshwater populations of sticklebacks, as well as in marine sticklebacks placed into freshwater environment and freshwater sticklebacks placed into seawater. For the first time, we demonstrated that genes encoding ion channels kcnd3, cacna1fb, gja3 are differentially methylated between marine and freshwater populations. We also showed that after placing marine stickleback into fresh water, its DNA methylation profile partially converges to the one of a freshwater stickleback. This suggests that immediate epigenetic response to freshwater conditions can be maintained in freshwater population. Interestingly, we observed enhanced epigenetic plasticity in freshwater sticklebacks that may serve as a compensatory regulatory mechanism for the lack of genetic variation in the freshwater population. Some of the regions that were reported previously to be under selection in freshwater populations also show differential methylation. Thus, epigenetic changes might represent a parallel mechanism of adaptation along with genetic selection in freshwater environment. This is the RNA-seq experiment, DNA methylation data (bisulfite-seq) is provided under accession number GSE82310.
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