Hyperglycemia-triggered lipid peroxidation destabilizes STAT4 and impairs anti-viral Th1 responses in type 2 diabetes
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PROVIDER: PRJNA1148141 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients are more susceptible to severe respiratory viral infections, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we show that both COVID-19-infected T2D patients and influenza-infected T2D mice exhibit a defective Th1 response, which is an essential component of anti-viral immunity. This defect stems from intrinsic metabolic perturbations in CD4+T cells driven by hyperglycemia. Mechanistically, hyperglycemia triggers mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive fatty acid synthesis, leading to elevated oxidative stress and aberrant lipid accumulation within CD4+T cells. These abnormalities promote lipid peroxidation (LPO), which drives the carbonylation of STAT4, a crucial Th1 lineage-determining factor. Carbonylated STAT4 undergoes rapid degradation, causing reduced T-bet induction and diminished Th1 differentiation. LPO scavenger ameliorates these Th1 defects in T2D patients with poor glycemic control, and restores viral control in T2D mice. Thus, this hyperglycemia-LPO-STAT4 axis underpins reduced Th1 activity in T2D hosts, with important implications for managing T2D-related viral complications.
2024-11-02 | GSE274826 | GEO
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Project description:STAT4 dynamically interacts with the genomic landscape and functions in modulating chromatin accessibility to influence gene expression. We aimed to evaluate the impact of STAT4 on chromatin accessibility of colonic lamina propria ILC1s. To address this aim, we sorted ILC1s from the colonic LP of unmanipulated C57BL/6 and STAT4-/- mice and performed the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq).
2019-06-17 | GSE132769 | GEO
Project description:The Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription factor STAT4 is a critical component in the development of inflammatory adaptive immune responses. It has been extensively characterized as a lineage-determining factor in Th1 development. However, the genetic program activated by STAT4 that results in an inflammatory cell type is not well defined. In this report we use DNA isolated from STAT4-chromatin immunoprecipitation to perform ChIP-on-chip analysis of over 28,000 mouse gene promoters to identify STAT4 targets. We demonstrate that STAT4 binds multiple gene-sets that program distinct components of the Th1 lineage. While many STAT4 target genes display STAT4-dependent IL-12-inducible expression, other genes displayed IL-12-induced histone modifications but lack induction, possibly due to high relative basal expression. In the subset of genes that STAT4 programs for expression in Th1 cells, IL-12-induced mRNA levels remain increased for a longer time than mRNA from genes that are not programmed. This suggests that STAT4 binding to target genes, while critical, is not the only determinant for STAT4-dependent gene programming during Th1 differentiation. The supplementary bed file contains all 7504 Stat4 binding sites reported in the supplementary Analysis_results.xls Excel file.
2009-06-26 | GSE16845 | GEO
Project description:IRF5 and STAT4 are strongly associated with human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). By performing chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-Seq) in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), we identified more than 7000 target genes for IRF5 and STAT4 in stimulated PBMCs. Contrarily, without stimulation IRF5 seemed to be inactive, and STAT4 only showed low levels of transcriptional regulatory activity. Target genes of IRF5 and STAT4 were identified in human PBMCs with or without stimulation using ChIP-Seq.
2012-06-08 | E-GEOD-38567 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Type 1 IFNs can conditionally activate all of the signal transducers and activators of transcription molecules (STATs), including STAT4. The best-characterized signaling pathways use STAT1, however, and type 1 IFN inhibition of cell proliferation is STAT1 dependent. We report that type 1 IFNs can basally stimulate STAT1- and STAT4- dependent effects in CD8 T cells, but that CD8 T cells responding to infections of mice with lymphocytic choriomenigitis virus have elevated STAT4 and lower STAT1 expression with significant consequences for modifying the effects of type 1 IFN exposure. The phenotype was associated with preferential type 1 IFN activation of STAT4 as compared to STAT1. Stimulation through the TCR induced elevated STAT4 expression, and STAT4 was required for peak expansion of antigen-specific CD8 T cells, low STAT1 levels, and resistance to type 1 IFN-mediated inhibition of proliferation. Thus, a mechanism is discovered for regulating the consequences of type 1 IFN exposure in CD8 T cells, with STAT4 acting as a key molecule in driving optimal antigen-specific responses and overcoming STAT1-dependent inhibition of proliferation. CD8 T cells were purified from uninfected WT, STAT1-deficient and STAT4-deficient mice or from D8 LCMV-infected WT mice and either control treated or treated with 1x104 U mouse IFNalpha for 90 minutes.
2012-09-07 | E-GEOD-40666 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) promotes protective immunity and autoimmunity downstream of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-12 and IL-23. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), Stat4-/- mice are resistant to the development of inflammation and paralysis. Here, we examined cell-type requirements and found that in addition to T cells, STAT4 is required in dendritic cells for development of EAE. Deficiency of STAT4 in CD11c-expressing cells resulted in decreased T cell priming and inflammation in the CNS. EAE susceptibility was recovered following adoptive transfer of wild type bone marrow-derived DC to mice with STAT4-deficient DCs, but not adoptive transfer of STAT4- or IL-23R-deficient DCs. Single cell RNA-seq identified STAT4-dependent genes in DC subsets that paralleled a signature in MS patient DCs. Together, these data define a novel IL-23/DC/STAT4 pathway in DCs that could be a key to novel therapeutic targets in MS.
2024-07-17 | GSE243202 | GEO
Project description:NK cells represent a cellular component of the mammalian innate immune system, and mount rapid responses against viral infection, including the secretion of the potent anti-viral effector cytokine IFN-g. Following mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection, Bhlhe40 was the most highly induced transcription factor in NK cells among the basic helix-loop-helix family. Bhlhe40 upregulation in NK cells depended upon IL-12 and IL-18 signals, with the promoter of Bhlhe40 enriched for STAT4 and the permissive histone H3K4me3, and STAT4-deficient NK cells showing an impairment of Bhlhe40 induction and diminished H3K4me3. Transcriptomic and protein analysis of Bhlhe40-deficient NK cells revealed a defect in IFN-g production during MCMV infection, resulting in diminished protective immunity following viral challenge. Finally, we provide evidence that Bhlhe40 directly promotes IFN-g by binding throughout the Ifng loci in activated NK cells. Thus, our study reveals how STAT4-mediated control of Bhlhe40 drives protective IFN-g secretion by NK cells during viral infection.
2023-09-13 | GSE242911 | GEO
Project description:Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells comprise an important subset of helper T cells; however, their relationship with other helper lineages is incompletely understood. Herein, we show IL-12 acting via signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) induced both Il21 and Bcl6 genes, generating cells with features of both Tfh and Th1 cells. However, STAT4 also induced T-bet. Using ChIP-seq, we defined the genome-wide targets of T-bet and found that it repressed Bcl6 and other markers of Tfh cells, thereby attenuating the nascent Tfh-like phenotype in the late phase of Th1 specification. Finally, Tfh-like T cells were rapidly generated following Toxoplasma gondii infection in mice, but T-bet constrained Tfh cells expansion and consequent germinal center formation and antibody production. Our data argue that Tfh and Th1 share a transitional stage through the signal mediated by STAT4, which promotes both phenotypes. However, T-bet represses Tfh functionalities, promoting full Th1 differentiation. The roles of STAT4 and T-bet to determine T helper cell fate were investigated by comparing DNA binding profiles of STAT4 and T-bet in Th1 conditions. The functional outcome was further evaluated by profiling DNase hypersensitivity sites and histone epigenetic marks between WT and STAT4-deficient or T-bet-deficient T cells in Th1 conditions.
2011-12-27 | E-GEOD-33802 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Natural killer (NK) cells and type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1) require the transcription factor STAT4 to elicit rapid effector responses and protect against pathogens. Herein, by combining genetic and transcriptomic approaches, we revealed that STAT4 played an unexpected divergent role in regulating effector differentiation of murine ILC1 and NK cells, during intestinal inflammation. Stat4 deletion in Ncr1-expressing cells led to an increased generation of cytotoxic ILC1 in the inflamed large intestine. By contrast, Stat4-deficient NK cells showed impaired terminal differentiation, characterized by lower levels of IRF-8 and KLRG1. STAT4 expression in NCR+ innate lymphocytes restrained gut inflammation and controlled both systemic IFN-g levels and the number of type 2 adaptive T cells in the large intestine. Collectively our data shed light on shared and distinctive mechanisms of transcriptional regulation driven by STAT4 in NK cells and ILC1 required for protection during intestinal inflammation.
2023-09-28 | GSE210977 | GEO