Transcriptome and physiological analysis of class III peroxidase family in ice plant seedlings in response to salt-induced oxidative stress
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PROVIDER: PRJNA1160819 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.) is a halophyte and an inducible CAM plant. Ice plant seedlings exhibit moderate salt tolerance, with root growth unaffected by 200 mM NaCl treatments, while hypocotyl elongation is hindered in salt-stressed etiolated seedlings. Superoxide anion accumulation was prominent in cotyledons and primary leaves but decreased in root tissues over time but was not significantly affected by salt treatment. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels surged initially in both control and salt-treated seedlings, with higher and more persistent H2O2 levels in salt-treated seedlings, indicating salt-induced ROS accumulation, especially in etiolated seedlings. An RNA-seq analysis of etiolated seedlings revealed 6,326 unigenes (about 8%) showing more than a four-fold change in expression after a 6-h 200 mM NaCl treatment. The top GO terms for 4-fold upregulated DEGs in the Molecular Function category included “cation binding,” “metal ion binding,” “oxidoreductase activity,” “monooxygenase activity,” and “antioxidant activity.” The top GO terms for 4-fold down-regulated DEGs in the Biological Process category included “metabolic process”, “cellular metabolic process”, and “biosynthetic process”. Upregulated genes were primarily linked to ion transport and stress responses and downregulated genes to growth processes like ribosomal protein synthesis and cell wall formation. This indicates that salt stress hinders growth but enhances ion homeostasis and stress response mechanisms. For class III peroxidase family genes, 14 out of 53 identified transcripts met the criteria for differentially expressed genes. Quantitative RT-PCR confirmed that the expression of McPrx4.1, McPrx12.1, and McPrx12.3 increased, while the expression of McPrx60.3 decreased. We suggest distinct roles for individual class III peroxidase members in the trade-offs between plant growth and stress response. Unveiling these responses will advance our understanding of the growth–stress balance in the intrinsic salt tolerance in halophytes.
2025-01-01 | GSE277109 | GEO
Project description:The cell wall is a crucial structure in plant cells, and modifications in its composition often have a major impact on growth and development. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the negative effects of cell wall alterations on plant growth are largely unknown. It was previously shown that a reduction in the levels of de-esterified homogalacturonan, a major pectin component of cell walls, in Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing a fungal polygalacturonase or mutated in the QUASIMODO2 gene (qua2-1 plants), cause severe growth defects. Here we show that the class III peroxidase AtPrx71 is strongly up-regulated in these plants, as well as in response to alterations of other wall structural components, including treatments the cellulose synthase inhibitor isoxaben. Analysis of atprx71 loss-of-function mutants and of plants overexpressing AtPrx71 indicates that this gene negatively affects Arabidopsis growth at different stages of development. Furthermore, lack of AtPrx71 partially suppresses the dwarf phenotype of qua2-1, suggesting that this protein contributes to the growth defects observed in plants undergoing cell wall damage. AtPrx71 appears to promote the production of reactive oxygen species in qua2-1 plants, as well as in plants treated with isoxaben. We propose that production of reactive oxygen species mediated by AtPrx71 negatively regulates Arabidopsis growth both during physiological development and in response to loss of cell wall integrity. Transcriptional profiling of Arabidopsis thaliana wt control plants and PG57 and PG26 transgenic lines overexpressing the AtPrx71 gene.
2016-01-06 | E-GEOD-66980 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The cell wall is a crucial structure in plant cells, and modifications in its composition often have a major impact on growth and development. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the negative effects of cell wall alterations on plant growth are largely unknown. It was previously shown that a reduction in the levels of de-esterified homogalacturonan, a major pectin component of cell walls, in Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing a fungal polygalacturonase or mutated in the QUASIMODO2 gene (qua2-1 plants), cause severe growth defects. Here we show that the class III peroxidase AtPrx71 is strongly up-regulated in these plants, as well as in response to alterations of other wall structural components, including treatments the cellulose synthase inhibitor isoxaben. Analysis of atprx71 loss-of-function mutants and of plants overexpressing AtPrx71 indicates that this gene negatively affects Arabidopsis growth at different stages of development. Furthermore, lack of AtPrx71 partially suppresses the dwarf phenotype of qua2-1, suggesting that this protein contributes to the growth defects observed in plants undergoing cell wall damage. AtPrx71 appears to promote the production of reactive oxygen species in qua2-1 plants, as well as in plants treated with isoxaben. We propose that production of reactive oxygen species mediated by AtPrx71 negatively regulates Arabidopsis growth both during physiological development and in response to loss of cell wall integrity.
2016-01-06 | GSE66980 | GEO
Project description:The class III peroxidase (POD) enzymes participate in plant development, hormone signaling, and stress responses. However, little is known about the POD family in cassava. Here, we identified 91 cassava POD genes (MePODs) and classified them into six subgroups using phylogenetic analysis. Conserved motif analysis demonstrated that all MePOD proteins have typical peroxidase domains, and gene structure analysis showed that MePOD genes have between one and nine exons. Duplication pattern analysis suggests that tandem duplication has played a role in MePOD gene expansion. Comprehensive transcriptomic analysis revealed that MePOD genes in cassava are involved in the drought response and postharvest physiological deterioration. Several MePODs underwent transcriptional changes after various stresses and related signaling treatments were applied. In sum, we characterized the POD family in cassava and uncovered the transcriptional control of POD genes in response to various stresses and postharvest physiological deterioration conditions. These results can be used to identify potential target genes for improving the stress tolerance of cassava crops.
| S-EPMC6600411 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundSalt and drought are the main abiotic stresses that restrict the yield of crops. Peroxidases (PRXs) are involved in various abiotic stress responses. Furthermore, only few wheat PRXs have been characterized in the mechanism of the abiotic stress response.ResultsIn this study, a novel wheat peroxidase (PRX) gene named TaPRX-2A, a member of wheat class III PRX gene family, was cloned and its response to salt stress was characterized. Based on the identification and evolutionary analysis of class III PRXs in 12 plants, we proposed an evolutionary model for TaPRX-2A, suggesting that occurrence of some exon fusion events during evolution. We also detected the positive selection of PRX domain in 13 PRXs involving our evolutionary model, and found 2 or 6 positively selected sites during TaPRX-2A evolution. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) results showed that TaPRX-2A exhibited relatively higher expression levels in root tissue than those exhibited in leaf and stem tissues. TaPRX-2A expression was also induced by abiotic stresses and hormone treatments such as polyethylene glycol 6000, NaCl, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), salicylic acid (SA), methyljasmonic acid (MeJA) and abscisic acid (ABA). Transgenic wheat plants with overexpression of TaPRX-2A showed higher tolerance to salt stress than wild-type (WT) plants. Confocal microscopy revealed that TaPRX-2A-eGFP was mainly localized in cell nuclei. Survival rate, relative water content, and shoot length were higher in TaPRX-2A-overexpressing wheat than in the WT wheat, whereas root length was not significantly different. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were enhanced in TaPRX-2A-overexpressing wheat compared with those in the WT wheat, resulting in the reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The expression levels of downstream stress-related genes showed that RD22, TLP4, ABAI, GST22, FeSOD, and CAT exhibited higher expressions in TaPRX-2A-overexpressing wheat than in WT under salt stress.ConclusionsThe results show that TaPRX-2A plays a positive role in the response to salt stress by scavenging ROS and regulating stress-related genes.
| S-EPMC7449071 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Class III peroxidases (PODs) are plant-specific enzymes that play significant roles in plant physiological processes and stress responses. However, a comprehensive analysis of the POD gene family in tobacco has not yet been conducted. In this study, 210 non-redundant POD gene members (NtPODs) were identified in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and distributed unevenly throughout 24 tobacco chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis clustered these genes into six subgroups (I-VI). Gene structure and motif analyses showed the structural and functional diversity among the subgroups. Segmental duplication and purifying selection were the main factors affecting NtPOD gene evolution. Our analyses also suggested that NtPODs might be regulated by miRNAs and cis-acting regulatory elements of transcription factors that are involved in various biological processes. In addition, the expression patterns in different tissues and under various stress treatments were investigated. The results showed that the majority of NtPODs had tissue-specific expression patterns and may be involved in many biotic and abiotic responses. qRT-PCR analyses of different tissues and stress treatments were performed to verify transcriptome patterns. Expression of a green fluorescent protein-NtPOD fusion confirmed the plasma membrane localization of NtPOD121 and NtPOD4. Furthermore, 3D structures provided evidences of membrane-bound peroxidase. These findings provide useful information to better understand the evolution of the NtPOD gene family and lay the foundation for further studies on POD gene function in tobacco.
| S-EPMC9234461 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionPlant-specific Class III peroxidases (PRXs) play a crucial role in lignification, cell elongation, seed germination, and biotic and abiotic stresses.MethodsThe class III peroxidase gene family in sugarcane were identified by bioinformatics methods and realtime fluorescence quantitative PCR.ResultsEighty-two PRX proteins were characterized with a conserved PRX domain as members of the class III PRX gene family in R570 STP. The ShPRX family genes were divided into six groups by the phylogenetic analysis of sugarcane, Saccharum spontaneum, sorghum, rice, and Arabidopsis thaliana. The analysis of promoter cis-acting elements revealed that most ShPRX family genes contained cis-acting regulatory elements involved in ABA, MeJA, light responsiveness, anaerobic induction, and drought inducibility. An evolutionary analysis indicated that ShPRXs was formed after Poaceae and Bromeliaceae diverged, and tandem duplication events played a critical role in the expansion of ShPRX genes of sugarcane. Purifying selection maintained the function of ShPRX proteins. SsPRX genes were differentially expressed in stems and leaves at different growth stages in S. spontaneum. However, ShPRX genes were differentially expressed in the SCMV-inoculated sugarcane plants. A qRT-PCR analysis showed that SCMV, Cd, and salt could specifically induce the expression of PRX genes of sugarcane.DiscussionThese results help elucidate the structure, evolution, and functions of the class III PRX gene family in sugarcane and provide ideas for the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil and breeding new sugarcane varieties resistant to sugarcane mosaic disease, salt, and Cd stresses.
| S-EPMC9924293 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Peroxidases (PRXs) are widely existed in various organisms and could be divided into different types according to their structures and functions. Specifically, the Class III Peroxidase, a plant-specific multi-gene family, involves in many physiological processes, such as the metabolism of auxin, the extension and thickening of cell wall, as well as the formation of lignin. By searching the pear genome database, 94 non-redundant PRXs from Pyrus bretschneideri (PbPRXs) were identified. Subsequently, analysis of phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, conserved motifs, and microsynteny was performed. These PbPRXs were unevenly distributed among 17 chromosomes of pear. In addition, 26 segmental duplication events but only one tandem duplication were occurred in these PbPRXs, implying segmental duplication was the main contributor to the expansion of the PbPRX family. By the Ka/Ks analysis, 26 out of 27 duplicated PbPRXs has experienced purifying selection. Twenty motifs were identified in PbPRXs based on the MEME analysis, 11 of which were enriched in pear. A total of 41 expressed genes were identified from ESTs of pear fruit. According to qRT-PCR, the expression trends of five PbPRXs in subgroup C were consistent with the change of lignin content during pear fruit development. So we inferred that the five PbPRXs were candidate genes involved in the lignin synthesis pathway. These results provided useful information for further researches of PRX genes in pear.
| S-EPMC5145892 | biostudies-literature