IRF4 contributes to chemoresistance in IGH-BCL2 positive diffuse large B-cell lymphomas by mediating BCL2 induced SOX9 expression
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1165689 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:SOX9 was identified as a prognostic biomarker particularly in IGH-BCL2 translocated germinal center B cell (GCB) subtypes of the diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and plays a vital role in lymphomagenesis. However, the molecular mechanism that modulating the aberrant expression of SOX9 in this DLBCL subset remains unknown. We have demonstrated that SOX9 enhanced IGH-BCL2 positive DLBCL subset resistance to either chemotherapy or BCL2 inhibitor. Moreover, we found that inhibition of BCL2 downregulates SOX9 in IGH-BCL2 positive DLBCL subset. We further identified that IRF4 is a key regulator to mediate BCL2 induced SOX9 expression, alongside with the chip-seq confirmed that IRF4 is a key transcription factor for SOX9 in DLBCL. In addition, BCL2 promote IRF4 entry into the nucleus by enhancing its protein stability, via downregulating of proteosome ubiquitination process, and, therefore, enforce SOX9-mediated phenotypes. Finally, we showed in DLBCL cell lines and xenografted mice model that in vivo inhibition of IRF4 with hIRF4 antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) repressed lymphomagenesis and DLBCL chemoresistance. Altogether, our data support the conclusion that IRF4 plays an essential role in BCL2 induced upregulation of SOX9 expression, and targeting IRF4 may represent a promising therapeutic strategy to cure relapse and refractory DLBCL in the future.
2024-09-30 | GSE278092 | GEO
Project description:Background: Germinal center B-cell (GCB) lymphomas are common in children and adults. The prognosis strongly depends on age. Subgroups of GCB-lymphomas are characterized by chromosomal translocations affecting immunoglobulin (IG) loci leading to oncogene deregulation. Methods: Novel IG translocation partners were cloned within the network “Molecular Mechanisms in Malignant Lymphomas” (MMML) by long-distance inverse polymerase chain reaction. Mature aggressive B-cell lymphomas from the MMML as well as pediatric and adult lymphoma trials were analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunhistochemistry. Data from 438 MMML cases characterized by gene expression profiling were mined. Results: Cloning of unknown IG partners identified a t(6;14)(p25;q32) juxtaposing the IRF4 oncogene with the IGH-locus as novel recurrent aberration in GCB lymphoma. FISH analyses of 427 mature B-cell lymphomas for IRF4 translocations revealed 20 IG/IRF4 positive lymphomas (17 IGH/IRF4, 2 IGL/IRF4, 1 IGΚ/IRF4). IG/IRF4-positive lymphomas were predominantly GCB-type diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) or follicular lymphoma grade 3, shared overexpression of IRF4/MUM1 and BCL6 and lacked PRDM1/BLIMP1 expression and t(14;18)/BCL2 breaks. BCL6 aberrations were common. The gene expression profile of IG/IRF4-positive lymphomas was different from other subtypes of DLBCL and a classifier for IG/IRF4 positivity containing 27 genes allowed prediction of 3 additional MMML IG/IRF4-positive cases subsequently proven by FISH. IG/IRF4-positivity was associated with a favorable outcome likely due to significant enrichment of IG/IRF4-positive lymphomas in childhood and young adulthood. Conclusions: Our results suggest IRF4 translocations to be primary genetic alterations in a novel molecularly defined subset of GC-derived lymphomas predominantly affecting children. 271 diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma samples were hybridized to HGU133A Affymetrix GeneChips.
2011-06-24 | E-GEOD-22470 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Although oncogenicity of the stem cell regulator SOX9 has been implicated in many solid tumors, its role in lymphomagenesis remains largely unknown. In this study, we showed that SOX9 is overexpressed preferentially in a subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) harboring IGH-BCL2 translocations. SOX9 positivity in DLBCL correlates with advanced stage of disease. Silencing of SOX9 decreased cell proliferation, induced G1/S arrest and increased apoptosis of DLBCL cells, both in vitro and in vivo. Whole transcriptome analysis and CHIP-seq assays identified DHCR24, a terminal enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis, as a direct target of SOX9, which promotes cholesterol synthesis by increasing DHCR24 expression. Enforced expression of DHCR24 was capable of rescuing the phenotypes associated with SOX9 knockdown in DLBCL cells. In DLBCL cell line xenograft models, SOX9 knockdown resulted in lower DHCR24 level, reduced cholesterol content and decreased tumor load. Pharmacological inhibition of cholesterol synthesis also inhibited DLBCL xenograft tumorigenesis, the reduction of which is more pronounced in DLBCL cell line with higher SOX9 expression, suggesting that it may be addicted to cholesterol. In summary, our study demonstrates that SOX9 can drive lymphomagenesis through DHCR24 and the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. This SOX9-DHCR24-cholesterol 3 biosynthesis axis may serve as a novel treatment target for DLBCL.
2022-01-12 | GSE179960 | GEO
Project description:Although oncogenicity of the stem cell regulator SOX9 has been implicated in many solid tumors, its role in lymphomagenesis remains largely unknown. In this study, we showed that SOX9 is overexpressed preferentially in a subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) harboring IGH-BCL2 translocations. SOX9 positivity in DLBCL correlates with advanced stage of disease. Silencing of SOX9 decreased cell proliferation, induced G1/S arrest and increased apoptosis of DLBCL cells, both in vitro and in vivo. Whole transcriptome analysis and CHIP-seq assays identified DHCR24, a terminal enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis, as a direct target of SOX9, which promotes cholesterol synthesis by increasing DHCR24 expression. Enforced expression of DHCR24 was capable of rescuing the phenotypes associated with SOX9 knockdown in DLBCL cells. In DLBCL cell line xenograft models, SOX9 knockdown resulted in lower DHCR24 level, reduced cholesterol content and decreased tumor load. Pharmacological inhibition of cholesterol synthesis also inhibited DLBCL xenograft tumorigenesis, the reduction of which is more pronounced in DLBCL cell line with higher SOX9 expression, suggesting that it may be addicted to cholesterol. In summary, our study demonstrates that SOX9 can drive lymphomagenesis through DHCR24 and the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. This SOX9-DHCR24-cholesterol 3 biosynthesis axis may serve as a novel treatment target for DLBCL.
2022-01-12 | GSE180051 | GEO
Project description:Background: Germinal center B-cell (GCB) lymphomas are common in children and adults. The prognosis strongly depends on age. Subgroups of GCB-lymphomas are characterized by chromosomal translocations affecting immunoglobulin (IG) loci leading to oncogene deregulation. Methods: Novel IG translocation partners were cloned within the network “Molecular Mechanisms in Malignant Lymphomas” (MMML) by long-distance inverse polymerase chain reaction. Mature aggressive B-cell lymphomas from the MMML as well as pediatric and adult lymphoma trials were analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunhistochemistry. Data from 438 MMML cases characterized by gene expression profiling were mined. Results: Cloning of unknown IG partners identified a t(6;14)(p25;q32) juxtaposing the IRF4 oncogene with the IGH-locus as novel recurrent aberration in GCB lymphoma. FISH analyses of 427 mature B-cell lymphomas for IRF4 translocations revealed 20 IG/IRF4 positive lymphomas (17 IGH/IRF4, 2 IGL/IRF4, 1 IGΚ/IRF4). IG/IRF4-positive lymphomas were predominantly GCB-type diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) or follicular lymphoma grade 3, shared overexpression of IRF4/MUM1 and BCL6 and lacked PRDM1/BLIMP1 expression and t(14;18)/BCL2 breaks. BCL6 aberrations were common. The gene expression profile of IG/IRF4-positive lymphomas was different from other subtypes of DLBCL and a classifier for IG/IRF4 positivity containing 27 genes allowed prediction of 3 additional MMML IG/IRF4-positive cases subsequently proven by FISH. IG/IRF4-positivity was associated with a favorable outcome likely due to significant enrichment of IG/IRF4-positive lymphomas in childhood and young adulthood. Conclusions: Our results suggest IRF4 translocations to be primary genetic alterations in a novel molecularly defined subset of GC-derived lymphomas predominantly affecting children.
2011-06-24 | GSE22470 | GEO
Project description:Oncogenic role of SOX9-DHCR24-cholesterol biosynthesis axis in IGH-BCL2 positive diffuse large B-cell lymphomas
| PRJNA745982 | ENA
Project description:The transcription factor Interferon Regulatory Factor 4 (IRF4) is essential for the survival of the plasma cell malignancy multiple myeloma (MM), although the mechanism by which this is achieved remains unknown. Here we have explored the genetic basis for IRF4 addiction through CRISPR-Cas9 genetic ablation of IRF4 across several MM cells lines. We report that IRF4 loss uniformly resulted in the upregulation of two related pro-apoptotic proteins belonging to the BH3-only subgroup of the BCL2 family: BCL2 modifying factor (BMF) and BCL2 interacting mediator of cell death (BIM). Direct IRF4 binding was identified in the proximal promoter region of both genes. Remarkably, genetic ablation of BMF alone or in combination with BIM largely prevented the cell death that follows IRF4 inactivation, establishing that IRF4 maintains MM survival through the direct transcriptional repression of BMF and BIM.
2022-12-22 | GSE148984 | GEO
Project description:Oncogenic role of SOX9-DHCR24-cholesterol biosynthesis axis in IGH-BCL2 positive diffuse large B-cell lymphomas [RNA-seq]
| PRJNA746334 | ENA
Project description:Although oncogenicity of the stem cell regulator SOX9 has been implicated in many solid tumors, its role in lymphomagenesis remains largely unknown. In this study, SOX9 was overexpressed preferentially in a subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) that harbor IGH-BCL2 translocations. SOX9 positivity in DLBCL correlated with an advanced stage of disease. Silencing of SOX9 decreased cell proliferation, induced G1/S arrest, and increased apoptosis of DLBCL cells, both in vitro and in vivo. Whole-transcriptome analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing assays identified DHCR24, a terminal enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis, as a direct target of SOX9, which promotes cholesterol synthesis by increasing DHCR24 expression. Enforced expression of DHCR24 was capable of rescuing the phenotypes associated with SOX9 knockdown in DLBCL cells. In models of DLBCL cell line xenografts, SOX9 knockdown resulted in a lower DHCR24 level, reduced cholesterol content, and decreased tumor load. Pharmacological inhibition of cholesterol synthesis also inhibited DLBCL xenograft tumorigenesis, the reduction of which is more pronounced in DLBCL cell lines with higher SOX9 expression, suggesting that it may be addicted to cholesterol. In summary, our study demonstrated that SOX9 can drive lymphomagenesis through DHCR24 and the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. This SOX9-DHCR24-cholesterol biosynthesis axis may serve as a novel treatment target for DLBCLs.
| S-EPMC8740888 | biostudies-literature
Project description:STAT5 and IL-7 signaling are thought to control B-lymphopoiesis by regulating key transcription factor genes and activating VH gene segments at the Igh locus. Using conditional mutagenesis, we demonstrate that transgenic Bcl2 expression rescued the development of Stat5-deleted pro-B cells by compensating for the loss of Mcl-1. Ebf1 and Pax5 expression as well as VH recombination were normal in Bcl2-rescued pro-B cells lacking STAT5 or IL-7Ra. In agreement with this finding, STAT5-expressing pro-B cells contained little or no active chromatin at most VH genes. In contrast, Igk rearrangements were increased in STAT5- or IL-7Ra-deficient pro-B cells, consistent with direct binding of STAT5 to the intronic iEk enhancer in wild-type pro-B cells. Hence, STAT5 and IL-7 signaling control cell survival and suppress premature Igk recombination in early B-lymphopoiesis. comparison of wt vs Rag2-/- pro-B cells
2010-07-28 | E-GEOD-18278 | biostudies-arrayexpress