Project description:Antibiotic use can lead to expansion of multi-drug resistant pathobionts within the gut microbiome that can cause life-threatening infections. Selective alternatives to conventional antibiotics are in dire need. Here, we describe a Klebsiella PhageBank that enables the rapid design of antimicrobial bacteriophage cocktails to treat multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Using a transposon library in carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae, we identified host factors required for phage infection in major Klebsiella phage families. Leveraging the diversity of the PhageBank and experimental evolution strategies, we formulated combinations of phages that minimize the occurrence of phage resistance in vitro. Optimized bacteriophage cocktails selectively suppressed the burden of multi-drug resistant K. pneumoniae in the mouse gut microbiome and drove bacterial populations to lose key virulence factors that act as phage receptors. Further, phage-mediated diversification of bacterial populations in the gut enabled co-evolution of phage variants with higher virulence and a broader host range. Altogether, the Klebsiella PhageBank represents a roadmap for both phage researchers and clinicians to enable phage therapy against a critical multidrug-resistant human pathogen.
Project description:Klebsiella pneumoniae is an arising threat to human health. However, host immune responses in response to this bacterium remain to be elucidated. The goal of this study was to identify the dominant host immune responses associated with Klebsiella pneumoniae pulmonary infection. Pulmonary mRNA profiles of 6-8-weeks-old BALB/c mice infected with/without Klebsiella pneumoniae were generated by deep sequencing using Illumina Novaseq 6000. qRT–PCR validation was performed using SYBR Green assays. Using KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analysis, we identified several immune associated pathways, including complement and coagulation cascades, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, Rap1 signaling pathway, chemokine signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, phagosome and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, were involved in Klebsiella pneumoniae pulmonary infection. Using ICEPOP (Immune CEll POPulation) analysis, we found that several cell types were involved in the host immune response to Klebsiella pneumoniae pulmonary infection, including dendritic cells, macrophages, monocytes, NK (natural killer) cells, stromal cells. Further, IL-17 chemokines were significantly increased during Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. This study provided evidence for further studying the pathogenic mechanism of Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia infection.
Project description:Antiviral STANDs (Avs) are bacterial anti-phage proteins that are considered as the evolutionary ancestors of immune pattern-recognition receptors of the NLR family. Following the recognition of a conserved phage protein, Avs proteins exhibit cellular toxicity and abort phage propagation by killing the infected cell. Type 2 Avs proteins (Avs2) were suggested to recognize the large terminase subunit of the phage by direct binding as a signature of phage infection based on co-expression assays. Here, we analyzed the binding partners of a type 2 Avs protein from Klebsiella pneumoniae (KpAvs2) expressed in Escherichia coli during Bas22 and Bas60 phage infection and showed that KpAvs2 recognizes both phages through binding of different proteins.
Project description:Antiviral STANDs (Avs) are bacterial anti-phage proteins that are considered as the evolutionary ancestors of immune pattern-recognition receptors of the NLR family. Following the recognition of a conserved phage protein, Avs proteins exhibit cellular toxicity and abort phage propagation by killing the infected cell. Type 2 Avs proteins (Avs2) were suggested to recognize the large terminase subunit of the phage by direct binding as a signature of phage infection based on co-expression assays. Here, we analyzed the binding partners of a type 2 Avs protein from Klebsiella pneumoniae (KpAvs2) expressed in Escherichia coli during SECphi18 phage infection and showed that rather than the large terminase subunit, KpAvs2 binds a small phage protein of unknown function during infection.
Project description:Antiviral STANDs (Avs) are bacterial anti-phage proteins that are considered as the evolutionary ancestors of immune pattern-recognition receptors of the NLR family. Following the recognition of a conserved phage protein, Avs proteins exhibit cellular toxicity and abort phage propagation by killing the infected cell. Type 2 Avs proteins (Avs2) were suggested to recognize the large terminase subunit of the phage by direct binding as a signature of phage infection based on co-expression assays. Here, we analyzed the binding partners of a type 2 Avs protein from Klebsiella pneumoniae (KpAvs2) expressed in Escherichia coli. Previous analysis revealed that, during phage SECphi18 infection, KpAvs2 recognized a small protein of unknown function, Ksap1. We repeated the experiment with a SECphi18 phage mutated for Ksap1 to see if KpAvs2 could recognize other proteins, such as the terminase, in absence of Ksap1.
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE35746: Comparative analysis of regulatory elements between Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae by genome-wide transcription start site profiling [tiling arrays] GSE35821: Comparative analysis of regulatory elements between Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae by genome-wide transcription start site profiling [TSS-Seq] Refer to individual Series
Project description:To investigate the whole-genome gene expression difference between the wild-type and capsule deletion mutant in Klebsiella pneumoniae MGH 78578. The mutants analyzed in this study are further described in Huang T.W., Stapleton J.C., Chang H.Y., Tsai S.F., Palsson B.O., Charusanti P. Capsule removal via lambda-Red knockout system perturbs biofilm formation and fimbriae extression in Klesiella pneumoniae MGH 78578 (manuscript submission) A six chip study using total RNA recovered from three separate wild-type cultures and three separate cultures of a capsule deltion mutant of Klebsiella pneumoniae MGH 78578. The capsule gene cluster (KPN_02493 to KPN_02515) was entirely removed in the capsule deletion mutant. Each chip measures the expression level of 5,305 genes from Klebsiella pneumoniae MGH 78578 and the associated five plasmids (pKPN3, pKPN4, pKPN5, pKPN6 and pKPN7) with 50-mer oligo tiling array with 30-mer spacer.
Project description:Gene expression comparison between human colonic epithelial cells cultured with Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) derived from PSC patients versus KP JCM1662.
