Transcriptional regulation by the stringent response-associated alarmone (p)ppGpp in Pseudomonas putida
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PROVIDER: PRJNA1185757 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The stringent response is an adaptive physiological response triggered by different conditions of nutritional or environmental stress and aimed at increasing survival under harsh conditions. This response is mediated the signalling nucleotides guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp) and pentaphospate (pppGpp), collectively known as (p)ppGpp. In this study we aim to identify genome-wide targets of regulation by the stringent-response associated alarmone (p)ppGpp in Pseudomonas putida by performing RNA-seq experiments using the wild-type KT2440tel strain and a KT2440tel-derivative bearing deletions of the (p)ppGpp synthetase-encoding genes relA and spoT (ppGpp0 mutant).
2024-11-18 | GSE281821 | GEO
Project description:Growth curves and (p)ppGpp accumulation assays showed that RelA inactivation could influence S. suis growth and led to incapacity of (p)ppGpp synthesis during glucose starvation. To identify the roles of RelA/(p)ppGpp in global gene regulation in S. suis, we compared the transcriptional profiles of SC-19 [a (p)ppGpp+ strain] and ΔrelA [a (p)ppGpp0 strain during glucose starvation] in both glucose-abundant and -deficient CDM in exponential phase by microarray analysis. A less stringent cut-off limit, 2-fold change, was used. qRT-PCR validation displayed the same trends observed in the microarrays
2015-08-08 | GSE70092 | GEO
Project description:This RNA-seq analysis mainly examined the global effect of stringent resonse in E. amylovora under the T3SS-inducing condition. The (p)ppGpp mutant showed differential expression of more than 30% genes in the genome, which include significant down-regulation of T3SS genes and gene related to motiliey. On the other hand, genes involved in amino acid biosynthesis, translation, SOS response, DNA replication, chromosome segregation, as well as nucleotide metabolism, fatty acid and lipid biosynthesis were significantly up-regulated in (p)ppGpp mutant. These findings sugested that (p)ppGpp mediate the balance between virulence and survival.
2020-03-23 | GSE143324 | GEO
Project description:Growth curves and (p)ppGpp accumulation assays showed that RelA inactivation could influence S. suis growth and led to incapacity of (p)ppGpp synthesis during glucose starvation. To identify the roles of RelA/(p)ppGpp in global gene regulation in S. suis, we compared the transcriptional profiles of SC-19 [a (p)ppGpp+ strain] and ΔrelA [a (p)ppGpp0 strain during glucose starvation] in both glucose-abundant and -deficient CDM in exponential phase by microarray analysis. A less stringent cut-off limit, 2-fold change, was used. qRT-PCR validation displayed the same trends observed in the microarrays relA mutant strain and its parents strain SC-19 were cultured in both glucose-abundant CDM (CDM containing 1% glucose) and glucose-deficient CDM (CDM containing 2% glucose) respectively. The bacteriain in exponential phase were collected for microarray analysis. Three independent experiments were performed.
2015-08-08 | E-GEOD-70092 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Here, B. subtilis was used as a model organism to investigate how cells respond and adapt to proteotoxic stress conditions. Our experiments suggested that the stringent response, caused by raised levels of the (p)ppGpp alarmone, plays a role during thermotolerance development and the heat shock response. Accordingly, our experiments revealed a rapid increase of cellular (p)ppGpp levels upon heat shock as well as salt- and oxidative stress. Strains lacking (p)ppGpp exhibited increased stress sensitivity, while raised (p)ppGpp levels conferred increased stress tolerance to heat- and oxidative stress. During thermotolerance development, stress response genes were highly up-regulated together with a concurrent transcriptional down-regulation of the rRNA, which was influenced by the second messenger (p)ppGpp and the transcription factor Spx. Remarkably, we observed that (p)ppGpp appeared to control the cellular translational capacity and that during heat stress the raised cellular levels of the alarmone were able to curb the rate of protein synthesis. Furthermore, (p)ppGpp controls the heat-induced expression of Hpf and thus the formation of translationally inactive 100S disomes. These results indicate that B. subtilis cells respond to heat-mediated protein unfolding and aggregation, not only by raising the cellular repair capacity, but also by decreasing translation involving (p)ppGpp mediated stringent response to concurrently reduce the protein load for the cellular protein quality control system.
2020-03-09 | PXD015416 | Pride
Project description:Bacterial and eukaryotic cells survive an otherwise lethal heat shock once they are primed by a mild pre-heat shock. Using B. subtilis as a model organism, we investigated transcriptional changes during thermotolerance development at 37 °C, 48 °C, 53 °C and 48/53 °C and observed a comprehensive upregulation of genes of the general and heat shock response and the downregulation of many translation-related genes. In addition, strains lacking (p)ppGpp (ppGpp0) or with elevated (p)ppGpp levels (ΔrelA) were analyzed at 37 °C and 48 °C, revealing broad and pleiotropic transcripional changes mediated by (p)ppGpp in the ΔrelA mutant. In addition, our data suggests a contribution of the (p)ppGpp-mediated stringent response in the heat-mediated transcripional down-regulation of ribosomal genes and additional processes.
2019-04-15 | GSE125467 | GEO
Project description:The gene encoding the conserved bacterial G protein CgtA (Obg) is essential for viability in every organism in which it has been studied. CgtA has been reported to be involved in several diverse bacterial functions, including ribosome assembly, DNA repair, sporulation and morphological development. However, none of these functions have been identified as essential. Here we show that depletion of CgtA in Vibrio cholerae causes global changes in gene expression that are consistent with induction of a classical low nutrient stress response or “stringent” response. We show that depletion of CgtA leads to increased ppGpp levels which correlates with induction of the global stress response and cessation of growth. The enzyme RelA is responsible for synthesis of the alarmone ppGpp during the stringent response. We show that CgtA is no longer essential in a relA deletion mutant and thus conclude that the essentiality of CgtA is directly linked to its ability to affect ppGpp levels. The enzyme SpoT degrades ppGpp and here we show that SpoT is essential in a RelA+ CgtA+ background but not in a relA deletion mutant. We also confirmed that CgtA interacts with SpoT in a two-hybrid assay. We suggest that the essential function of CgtA is a repressor of the stringent response, and acts by regulating SpoT activity to maintain low ppGpp levels when bacteria are growing in a nutrient rich environment. This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2006-12-28 | GSE6618 | GEO
Project description:Transcriptome analysis of D39 rel+Spn and delta-relSpn strains treated with mupirocin revealed relSpn-independent (translation stress), relSpn-dependent (stringent response), and delta-relSpn-dependent changes suggesting that relSpn and (p)ppGpp amount play wide-ranging homeostatic roles in pneumococcal physiology, besides adjusting macromolecular synthesis and transport in response to nutrient availability.
2010-01-11 | GSE14750 | GEO
Project description:The stringent response enables bacteria to respond to a variety of environmental stresses, especially various forms of nutrient limitation. During the stringent response the cell produces large quantities of the nucleotide alarmone ppGpp, which modulates many aspects of cell physiology, including reprogramming transcription, blocking protein translation, and inhibiting new rounds of DNA replication. The mechanism by which ppGpp inhibits DNA replication initiation in Escherichia coli remains unclear. Prior work suggested that ppGpp blocks new rounds of DNA replication by inhibiting transcription of the essential initiation factor dnaA, but we found that replication is still inhibited by ppGpp in cells ectopically producing DnaA. Instead, we provide evidence that a global reduction of transcription by ppGpp prevents replication initiation by modulating the supercoiling state of the origin of replication, oriC. Active transcription normally introduces negative supercoils into oriC to help promote replication initiation, so the accumulation of ppGpp reduces initiation potential at oriC. We find that maintaining transcription near oriC, either by expressing a ppGpp-blind RNA polymerase mutant or by inducing transcription from a ppGpp-insensitive promoter, can strongly bypass the inhibition of replication by ppGpp. Additionally, we show that increasing global negative supercoiling by inhibiting topoisomerase I or by deleting the nucleoid-associated protein seqA, also relieves inhibition. We propose a model, potentially conserved across proteobacteria, in which ppGpp indirectly creates an unfavorable energy landscape for initiation by preventing the introduction of negative supercoils into oriC.
2019-06-11 | GSE128606 | GEO
Project description:In Firmicutes, the nutrient-sensing regulators (p)ppGpp, the effector molecule of the stringent response, and CodY work in tandem to maintain bacterial fitness during infection. Here, we tested (p)ppGpp and codY mutant strains of Enterococcus faecalis in a catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) mouse model and used global transcriptional analysis to investigate the (p)ppGpp and CodY relationship. Absence of (p)ppGpp or single inactivation of codY led to lower bacterial loads in catheterized bladders, and diminished biofilm formation on fibrinogen-coated surfaces under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Single inactivation of the bifunctional (p)ppGpp synthetase/hydrolase rel did not affect virulence supporting previous evidence that association of (p)ppGpp with enterococcal virulence is not dependent on activation of the stringent response. Inactivation of codY in the (p)ppGpp0 strain restored E. faecalis virulence in the CAUTI model as well as the ability to form biofilms in vitro. Transcriptome analysis revealed that inactivation of codY restores, for the most part, the dysregulated metabolism of (p)ppGpp0 cells. While a clear linkage between (p)ppGpp and CodY with expression of virulence factors could not be established, targeted transcriptional analysis indicate that a possible association between (p)ppGpp and c-di-AMP signaling pathways in response to the conditions found in the bladder may plays a role in enterococcal CAUTI. Collectively, this study identifies the (p)ppGpp-CodY network as an important contributor to enterococcal virulence in catheterized mouse bladder and supports that basal (p)ppGpp pools promote virulence through maintenance of a balanced metabolism during adverse conditions.
2019-05-25 | GSE131749 | GEO