Project description:Background: The soil environment is responsible for sustaining most terrestrial plant life on earth, yet we know surprisingly little about the important functions carried out by diverse microbial communities in soil. Soil microbes that inhabit the channels of decaying root systems, the detritusphere, are likely to be essential for plant growth and health, as these channels are the preferred locations of new root growth. Understanding the microbial metagenome of the detritusphere and how it responds to agricultural management such as crop rotations and soil tillage will be vital for improving global food production. Methods: The rhizosphere soils of wheat and chickpea growing under + and - decaying root were collected for metagenomics sequencing. A gene catalogue was established by de novo assembling metagenomic sequencing. Genes abundance was compared between bulk soil and rhizosphere soils under different treatments. Conclusions: The study describes the diversity and functional capacity of a high-quality soil microbial metagenome. The results demonstrate the contribution of the microbiome from decaying root in determining the metagenome of developing root systems, which is fundamental to plant growth, since roots preferentially inhabit previous root channels. Modifications in root microbial function through soil management, can ultimately govern plant health, productivity and food security.
Project description:The outbreak-causing monkeypox virus of 2022 (2022 MPXV) is classified as a clade IIb strain and phylogenetically distinct from prior endemic MPXV strains (clades I or IIa), suggesting that its virological properties may also differ. Here, we used human keratinocytes and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived colon organoids to examine the efficiency of viral growth in these cells and the MPXV infection-mediated host responses. MPXV replication was much more productive in keratinocytes than in colon organoids. We observed that MPXV infections, regardless of strain, caused cellular dysfunction and mitochondrial damage in keratinocytes. Notably, a significant increase in the expression of hypoxia-related genes was observed specifically in 2022 MPXV-infected keratinocytes. Our comparison of virological features between 2022 MPXV and prior endemic MPXV strains revealed signaling pathways potentially involved with the cellular damages caused by MPXV infections and highlights host vulnerabilities that could be utilized as protective therapeutic strategies against human mpox in the future.
Project description:To further understand the gene expression characteristics of originating biocontrol strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa M18, we have applied whole genome microarray expression profiling as a discovery platform to to specify the temperature dependent expression of M18 genome at rhizosphere and human body temperature. We selected 28°C as temperature representative of the rhizosphere niches and 37°C for human body. The results from the temperature dependent transcriptome analysis are consistent to our previous published data that the phzM, ptsP and lasI genes expression is upregulated at 37°C. The comparison analysis of the M18 genome expressional profiles at 28°C and 37°C indicated a total of 605 gene expressed in a temperature dependent manner over about two fold at 28°C compared that at 37°C, covering 10.6% genes in M18 whole genome.
Project description:Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae strain Rlv3841 was grown for 7 days in the rhizosphere of either 7 day old pea, alfalfa or sugarbeet before being harvested.