Project description:Xylose-utilizing yeasts with tolerances to fermentation inhibitors (such as weak organic acids) and high temperature are needed for cost-effective simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) of lignocellulosic materials. We constructed a novel xylose-assimilating Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain with improved fermentation performance under heat and acid co-stress using the genome shuffling technique. Two xylose-utilizing diploid yeasts with different genetic backgrounds were used as the parental strains for genome shuffling. The hybrid strain Hyb-8 showed significantly higher xylose fermentation ability than both parental strains (Sun049T-Z and Sun224T-K) under co-stress conditions of heat and acids. To screen for genes that might be important for fermentation under heat and acid co-stress, a transcriptomic analysis of hybrid strain Hyb-8 and its parental strains was performed.
Project description:'Potato is particularly vulnerable to increased temperature, considered to be the most important uncontrollable factor affecting growth and yield. Here we describe an acquired thermotolerance response in potato, whereby treatment at a mildly elevated temperature (''acclimated'') primes the plant for more severe heat stress compared to control (''non-acclimated'') plants. We define the time course for acquiring thermotolerance and demonstrate that light is essential for the process. Physiological, transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches were employed to elucidate potential mechanisms that underpin the acquisition of heat tolerance and indicate a role for cell wall modification, auxin and ethylene signalling, and chromatin remodelling in acclimatory priming.'
Project description:Potato seedlings were subjected to cold, heat and salt stress. Expression profiles were captured at three different time-points, 3h, 9h and 27h from two different tissues, roots and leaves. The experiment was preformed independently three times. Commercially available true potato seeds (Variety Gilroy) were germinated on rafts floating on hydroponic medium in Magenta boxes. Plants were grown for 5 weeks prior to stress application under long day conditions (16h light and 8h dark) at 25C with gentle agitation. To initiate stress the medium was replaced with fresh medium pre-chilled to 4C (cold stress), pre-heated to 35C (heat stress) or supplemented with 100mM NaCl (salt stress). Cold and heat stress were maintained for the duration of the experiment by placing the Magenta boxes on ice or in a water-bath at 35C. For every individual sample two boxes of plants were used pooling a total of 6 plants per sample. For each time-point a single control sample was used by changing the media in a similar way as for the stress induction. A total of six boxes were combined for the pooled reference samples. Plants were harvested at the appropriate time and snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen. Roots and aerial tissue was separated prior to freezing. The tissue was stored at -80C freezer until isolation. Total RNA was isolated using RNeasy isolation kit. The intactness of the RNA was verified on gel and the concentration was adjusted to 3ug/ul by ethanol precipitation and re-suspension. Series_weblink: http://www.tigr.org/tdb/potato Keywords = potato, Abiotic stress Keywords: ordered
Project description:Potato seedlings were subjected to cold, heat and salt stress. Expression profiles were captured at three different time-points, 3h, 9h and 27h from two different tissues, roots and leaves. The experiment was preformed independently three times. Commercially available true potato seeds (Variety Gilroy) were germinated on rafts floating on hydroponic medium in Magenta boxes. Plants were grown for 5 weeks prior to stress application under long day conditions (16h light and 8h dark) at 25C with gentle agitation. To initiate stress the medium was replaced with fresh medium pre-chilled to 4C (cold stress), pre-heated to 35C (heat stress) or supplemented with 100mM NaCl (salt stress). Cold and heat stress were maintained for the duration of the experiment by placing the Magenta boxes on ice or in a water-bath at 35C. For every individual sample two boxes of plants were used pooling a total of 6 plants per sample. For each time-point a single control sample was used by changing the media in a similar way as for the stress induction. A total of six boxes were combined for the pooled reference samples. Plants were harvested at the appropriate time and snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen. Roots and aerial tissue was separated prior to freezing. The tissue was stored at -80C freezer until isolation. Total RNA was isolated using RNeasy isolation kit. The intactness of the RNA was verified on gel and the concentration was adjusted to 3ug/ul by ethanol precipitation and re-suspension. Series_weblink: http://www.tigr.org/tdb/potato Keywords = potato, Abiotic stress
Project description:In the process of field production, crops are often affected by a variety of abiotic stresses, among which heat (HT) and drought (DR) stress are the most common co-stresses in summer. Although a large number of studies have been carried out on HT and DR stress respectively, little is known about how their combination (DH) affects plants. In this study, we investigated the responses of sweetpotato to HT, DR or DH stress by RNA-seq and DIA technologies, and set up a controlled experiment and quantified gene expression and protein concentrations from paired samples. A total of 12 cDNA libraries were constructed under HT, DR, DH and control condition. We identified 536, 389 and 907 DEGs in response to HT, DR or DH stress, of which 147 were shared and 447 were specifically identified under DH stress. Proteomic analysis identified 1609, 1168 and 1535 DEPs under HT, DR and DH treatments compared to the control, of which 656 were shared and 358 were exclusively identified under DH stress. Further analysis revealed that some DEGs/DEPs associated with heat shock protein, carbon metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, starch and cellulose metabolism, plant defense and so on. Correlation analysis identified a number of co-expressed genes and proteins under HT, DR or DH stress. Meanwhile, a cross-comparison of transcriptomics and proteomics data identified 59, 35 and 86 significant co DEGs and DEPs genes under HT, DR and DH stress respectively. This is the first time that studies the differential genes and proteins of sweet potato under DH stress, and hopes that the results of this study will help us to understand the molecular mechanism of sweet potato resistance to heat and drought stress.
Project description:We report the transcriptional response to Colorado potato beetle herbivory in leaves of the highly beetle resistant Solanum chacoense diploid line USDA8380-1 (80-) and a susceptible F2 individual (EE501F2_093) derived from a cross between 80-1 and a beetle susceptible line S. chacoense M6. Sampling tissue in a time course during adult Colorado potato beetle feeding provides novel insight to the transcriptomic defense response to this important pest.
Project description:Systems responses of mature leaves from 4 reference cultivars of a larger collection of European potato cultivars (Solanum tuberosum L.) are investigated by metabolome profiling and RNA-Sequencing. The chosen reference cultivars, Milva, Alegria, Desiree, and Saturna, vary in ascending order in regard to drought tolerance. Systems analyses are based on 3 independent field trials and 3 paralleled greenhouse trials. Robust responses across all cultivars and conditions to natural seasonal drought stress comprise proline, raffinose, galactinol, arabitol, arabinonic acid, chlorogenic acid, and 102 transcripts which consist to a high proportion of heat shock proteins and genes with signaling or regulatory functions, such as a homolog of abscisic acid receptor PYL4. Constitutive differences of the tolerant cultivars, Desiree and Saturna, compared to the sensitive cultivars include arbutin (hydroquinone-beta-D-glucopyranoside), octopamine (p-hydroxyphenylethanolamine), ribitol and 248 differential transcripts. Many of these transcripts are disease related, receptor kinases, or regulatory genes, for example a homolog of the Arabidopsis FOUR LIPS MYB-regulator of stomatal cell proliferation. Functional enrichment analyses imply that heat stress is a major acclimation component of potato leaves to agronomical relevant drought stress. Enhanced leaf heat stress is a result of drought caused by loss of transpiration cooling. This effect and CO2-limitation are the main dilemmas of drought- or ABA-induced stomatal closure. Constitutive differences between tolerant and sensitive cultivars indicate partially synergistic interactions of drought and biotic stress responses. We suggest that drought tolerance of the potato reference cultivars may be caused by general resistance mechanisms which are part of previously selected pathogen tolerance. Transcriptome profiling by RNA-sequencing of 48 leaf samples from 4 potato cultivars grown under control or drought stress conditions in 6 independent experiments
Project description:Heat-evolved Symbiodiniaceae can improve the physiological performances of their coral host under heat stress, but their gene expression responses to heat remained unknown. We explore here the transcriptomic basis of differential thermal stress responses between in hospite wild-type and heat-evolved Cladocopium proliferum strains and their coral host Platygyra daedealea.
Project description:Seven different Solanaceae species, Potato (Solanum tuberosum), Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), Eggplant (Solanum melongena), Pepper (Capsicum annuum), Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), Petunia and Nicotiana benthamiana were subjected to heat stress. Plants were grown for 4-6 weeks at 25 C after which heat stress was initiated by exposing the plants to 35 C for 6, 12, 24, 48 and 96 hours. Control samples were isolated from plants just before initiating the heat stress. RNA was isolated using Qiagen RNeasy. Keywords: Direct comparison