Hydroxytyrosol, a component of olive oil for breast cancer prevention in women at high risk of cancer
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1205785 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR31877600_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR31877600_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR31877601_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR31877601_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR31877602_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:This study evaluates the effects of hydroxytyrosol (HT), a component of olive oil, on mammographic breast density reduction. We explored effects of HT on Wnt β-catenin and other pathways involved in cancer stem cell renewal, DNA repair, cell proliferation and differentiation. Hydroxytyrosol reduced breast density only in women over 60 years, especially in those with high baseline breast density. HT also reduced proliferation and affected Wnt signaling pathway. This study lays the foundation for future larger studies in exploring a natural compound with well tolerability and overall nontoxic profile for chemoprevention of breast cancer.
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Project description:Olive (Olea europaea L.) is one of the most economically relevant tree crops in the Mediterranean basin. In this study, a comparative proteomic along with metabolomic-wide investigation was carried out on drupes of Greek olive cultivar 'Chondrolia Chalkidikis', collected across six developmental stages (S), namely seed development (S1, S2), mesocarp development (S3, S4, S5) and full maturation (S6). These stages were first characterized through the dynamics of fruit weight, dimensions and color parameters such as lightness, redness and yellowness. Combined gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and reversed–phase liquid chromatography quadrupole–time–of–flight mass spectrometry (RPLC–QToF–MS) procedures quantified 47 primary (e.g. allose, galactose, quinic acid, sorbitol, stearic acid) and 21 secondary (e.g. elenolic acid, oleacin, rutin, luteolin, hydroxytyrosol) metabolites in mesocarp samples during development. Protein analysis via nano–LC coupled to HDAM Orbitrap mass spectrometer, identified 3258 proteins from which the 350 were differentially accumulated between the final maturation stages (S5 and S6). Olive genome-based functional annotation showed that the largest proportion of identified proteins were involved in primary metabolism [i.e. lipoxygenases (LOX1/5)], energy [i.e. ferredoxin NADP+ reductase (FNR)], signal transduction [i.e. serine/threonine kinases (SAPK2, SRK2A, STK), transcription [i.e. elongation factor 2 (EEF2)] and protein destination [i.e. serine carboxypeptidase (SCPL)]. This investigation provides a reference framework for further nutritional and breeding studies, also allowing cross comparison among other olive cultivars.
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Project description:Oil Production Waste Products (OPWPs) derive from olive mill and represent a crucial environmental problem due to the high polyphenolic content able to pollute the ground. One option to reduce the OPWPs’ environmental impact is to exploit polyphenols biological properties. We sought to analyze the transcriptomic variations of colorectal cancer cells exposed to the OPWPs extracts and hydroxytyrosol, the major component, to recognize unknown and ill-defined characteristics. Among the top affected pathways identified by GSEA, we focused on oxidative phosphorylation in an in vitro system. Colorectal cancer HCT116 and LoVo cells treated with hydroxytyrosol or OPWPs extracts showed enhancement of the respiratory chain complexes protein levels, ATP production and membrane potential, suggesting stimulation of mitochondrial functions. The major proteins involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and fusion events of mitochondrial dynamics were positively affected, as by western blot, fostering increase of the mitochondrial mass organized in a network of elongated organelles. Mechanistically, we proved that PPAR mediates the effects as they are mimicked by a specific ligand and impaired by its inhibition. OPWPs extracts and hydroxytyrosol, thus, promote mitochondrial functionality via a feed-forward regulatory loop involving the PPAR/PGC-1 axis. These results support their use in functional foods and as adjuvants in cancer therapy.
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Project description:Olive oil is protective against risk factors for cardiovascular and cancer diseases. A nutrigenomic approach was performed to assess whether olive oil, the main fat of the Mediterranean diet modifies the gene expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Six healthy male volunteers ingested, at fasting state, 50 ml of olive oil, and continued with the same olive oil as a source of raw fat (25ml/day) during 3 weeks. Prior to intervention a 1-week washout period with sunflower oil as the only source of fat was followed. During the 3 days before, and on the intervention day, a very low phenolic compound diet was followed. At baseline (0h), at post ingestion (6h), and at fasting state after 3 weeks of sustained consumption of olive oil total RNA was isolated from PBMC. Gene expression was evaluated by microarray and verified by qRT-PCR. Keywords: Olive oil, gene expression, single dose, sustained consumption
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Project description:Proteins and peptides are minor components of vegetal oils. The presence of these compounds in virgin olive oil was first reported in 2001, but the nature of the olive oil proteome is still a puzzling question for food science researchers. In this project, we have compiled for a first time a comprehensive proteomic dataset of olive fruit and fungal proteins that are present at low but measurable concentrations in a vegetable oil from a crop of great agronomical relevance as olive (Olea europaea L.). Accurate mass nLC-MS data were collected in high definition direct data analysis (HD-DDA) mode using the ion mobility separation step. Protein identification was performed using the Mascot Server v2.2.07 software (Matrix Science) against an ad hoc database made of olive protein entries. Starting from this proteomic record, the impact of these proteins on olive oil stability and quality could be tested. Moreover, the effect of olive oil proteins on human health and their potential use as functional food components could be also evaluated. In addition, this dataset provides a resource for use in further functional comparisons across other vegetable oils, and also expands the proteomic resources to non-model species, thus also allowing further comparative inter-species studies.
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Project description:Olive oil is protective against risk factors for cardiovascular and cancer diseases. A nutrigenomic approach was performed to assess whether olive oil, the main fat of the Mediterranean diet modifies the gene expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Six healthy male volunteers ingested, at fasting state, 50 ml of olive oil, and continued with the same olive oil as a source of raw fat (25ml/day) during 3 weeks. Prior to intervention a 1-week washout period with sunflower oil as the only source of fat was followed. During the 3 days before, and on the intervention day, a very low phenolic compound diet was followed. At baseline (0h), at post ingestion (6h), and at fasting state after 3 weeks of sustained consumption of olive oil total RNA was isolated from PBMC. Gene expression was evaluated by microarray and verified by qRT-PCR. Keywords: Olive oil, gene expression, single dose, sustained consumption Three pools of total RNA were prepared in triplicates (9 samples in total). Each pool refers to different time point of the study (0h-wash out, 6h postprandial and 3 weeks intervention). Pool at 0h serves as reference sample.
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Project description:Breast cancer risk continues to increase post menopause. Anti-estrogen therapies are available to prevent postmenopausal breast cancer in high-risk women. However, their adverse effects have reduced acceptability and overall success in cancer prevention. Natural products such as hops (Humulus lupulus) and three pharmacopeial licorice (Glycyrrhiza) species have demonstrated estrogenic and chemopreventive properties, but little is known regarding their effects on aromatase expression and activity as well as pro-proliferation pathways in human breast tissue. We show that Gycyrrhiza inflata (GI) has the highest aromatase inhibition potency among these plant extracts. Moreover, phytoestrogens such as liquiritigenin which is common in all licorice species have potent aromatase inhibitory activity, which is further supported by computational docking of their structures in the binding pocket of aromatase. In addition, GI extract and liquiritigenin suppress aromatase expression in the breast tissue of high-risk postmenopausal women. Although liquiritigenin has estrogenic effects in vitro, with preferential activity through estrogen receptor (ER)-β, it reduces estradiol-induced uterine growth in vivo. It downregulates RNA translation, protein biosynthesis, and metabolism in high-risk women’s breast tissue. Finally, it reduces the rate of MCF-7 cell proliferation, with repeated dosing. Collectively, these data suggest that liquiritigenin has breast cancer prevention potential for high-risk postmenopausal women. We then performed gene expression profiling analysis using data obtained from RNA-seq of 4 different cells at two time points.
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