Project description:Transcriptomic analysis of iPSC tri-culture (microglia, neurons, astrocytes) stimulated with Tnf, Smac, and Zvad (TSZ) to trigger necroptosis pathway activation, in the presence or absence of a Ripk1 inhibitor
Project description:We used a human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived tri-cultures, comprised of neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, to determine whether Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibition could attenuate differential gene expression induced by Fc receptor stimulation.
Project description:We built novel tri-cultures of HGSOC cells with human primary omental adipocytes and fibroblasts which replicated tissue remodelling and matrisome production observed in biopsies. RNAseq analysis showed that tri-cultures reproduced the prognostic matrisome signature.
Project description:Dysfunctions in mitochondria dynamics and metabolism are common pathological processes associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Recently, it was shown that an inherited form of PD and dementia is caused by new mutations in the OPA1 gene, which encodes for a key player of mitochondrial fusion and structure. iPSC-derived neural cells from these patients exhibited severe mitochondrial fragmentation, respiration impairment, ATP deficits and heightened oxidative stress. Reconstitution of normal levels of OPA1 in PD-derived neural cells normalized mitochondria morphology and function. OPA1 mutated neuronal cultures showed reduced survival in vitro. Intriguingly, selective inhibition of necroptosis effectively rescued this survival deficit. Additionally, dampening necroptosis in MPTP treated mice protected from DA neuronal cell loss. This human iPSC-based model captures both the early pathological events in OPA1 mutant neural cells and the beneficial effects of blocking necroptosis, highlighting this cell death process as a promising therapeutic target for PD.
Project description:Necroptosis is a form of regulated necrotic cell death which promotes inflammation. In cells undergoing necroptosis, the activated RIPK1 kinase mediates the formation of RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL complex to promote MLKL oligomerization and execution of necroptosis. RIPK1 kinase activity also promotes cell-autonomous activation of proinflammatory cytokine production in necroptosis. However, the signaling pathways downstream of RIPK1 kinase in necroptosis and how RIPK1 kinase activation controls inflammatory response induced by necroptosis are still largely unknown. Here we quantitatively measured the temporal dynamics of over 7000 confident phosphosites during necroptosis using mass spectrometry. Our study defined a RIPK1-dependent phosphorylation pattern in late necroptosis that is associated with a proinflammatory component marked by p-S473 TRIM28. We show that the activation of p38 MAPK mediated by oligomerized MLKL promotes the phosphorylation of S473 TRIM28, which in turn mediates inflammation during late necroptosis. Taken together, our study illustrates a mechanism by which p38 MAPK may be activated by oligomerized MLKL to promote inflammation in necroptosis.
Project description:We developed a genetic mouse model of chronic necroptosis activation in hepatocytes (in the presence of basal NF-kB activity) that lead to hepatocellular carcinoma. Blocking Necroptosis (RIP3) or NF-kB-(IKKβ) activation in those mice blocked hepatocarcinogenesis.