Cell-type specific profiling of human entorhinal cortex at the onset of Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology [scRNA-seq]
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1214196 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Neurons located in the layer II of the entorhinal cortex (ECII) are the primary site of pathological tau accumulation and neurodegeneration at preclinical stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Exploring the alterations that underlie the early degeneration of these cells is essential to develop therapies that delay disease onset. Here we performed cell–type specific profiling of the EC at the onset of human AD neuropathology. We identify an early response to amyloid pathology by microglia and oligodendrocytes. More importantly, we find that the Reelin signaling pathway is already impaired at this early disease stage, particularly in ECII neurons. This indicates that dysregulation of this pathway, with emerging genetic association with AD, plays a pivotal role in the selective vulnerability of the EC and in the onset of AD neuropathology.
2025-01-22 | GSE287652 | GEO
Project description:Neurons located in the layer II of the entorhinal cortex (ECII) are the primary site of pathological tau accumulation and neurodegeneration at preclinical stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Exploring the alterations that underlie the early degeneration of these cells is essential to develop therapies that delay disease onset. Here we performed cell–type specific profiling of the EC at the onset of human AD neuropathology. We identify an early response to amyloid pathology by microglia and oligodendrocytes. More importantly, we find that the Reelin signaling pathway is already impaired at this early disease stage, particularly in ECII neurons. This indicates that dysregulation of this pathway, with emerging genetic association with AD, plays a pivotal role in the selective vulnerability of the EC and in the onset of AD neuropathology.
2025-01-22 | GSE287651 | GEO
Project description:Cell-type specific profiling of human entorhinal cortex at the onset of Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology [RNA-seq]
| PRJNA1214194 | ENA
Project description:Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by progressive neuropathology and cognitive decline. We performed a cross-tissue analysis of methylomic variation in AD using samples from three independent human post-mortem brain cohorts. We identified a differentially methylated region in the ankyrin 1 (ANK1) gene that was associated with neuropathology in the entorhinal cortex, a primary site of AD manifestation. This region was confirmed as being substantially hypermethylated in two other cortical regions (superior temporal gyrus and prefrontal cortex), but not in the cerebellum, a region largely protected from neurodegeneration in AD, or whole blood obtained pre-mortem from the same individuals. Neuropathology-associated ANK1 hypermethylation was subsequently confirmed in cortical samples from three independent brain cohorts. This study represents, to the best of our knowledge, the first epigenome-wide association study of AD employing a sequential replication design across multiple tissues and highlights the power of this approach for identifying methylomic variation associated with complex disease. For the first (discovery) stage of our analysis, we used multiple tissues from donors (N = 122) archived in the MRC London Brainbank for Neurodegenerative Disease. From each donor, we isolated genomic DNA from four brain regions (EC, superior temporal gyrus (STG), prefrontal cortex (PFC) and CER) and, where available, from whole blood obtained pre-mortem. Our analyses focused on identifying differentially methylated positions (DMPs) associated with Braak staging, a standardized measure of neurofibrillary tangle burden determined at autopsy.
2014-08-17 | E-GEOD-59685 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by progressive neuropathology and cognitive decline. We performed a cross-tissue analysis of methylomic variation in AD using samples from three independent human post-mortem brain cohorts. We identified a differentially methylated region in the ankyrin 1 (ANK1) gene that was associated with neuropathology in the entorhinal cortex, a primary site of AD manifestation. This region was confirmed as being substantially hypermethylated in two other cortical regions (superior temporal gyrus and prefrontal cortex), but not in the cerebellum, a region largely protected from neurodegeneration in AD, or whole blood obtained pre-mortem from the same individuals. Neuropathology-associated ANK1 hypermethylation was subsequently confirmed in cortical samples from three independent brain cohorts. This study represents, to the best of our knowledge, the first epigenome-wide association study of AD employing a sequential replication design across multiple tissues and highlights the power of this approach for identifying methylomic variation associated with complex disease.
2014-08-17 | GSE59685 | GEO
Project description:Late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) is the most common form of AD. However, modeling sporadic LOAD, without clear genetic predispositions, to capture hallmark neuronal pathologies such as extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque deposition, intracellular tau tangles, and neuronal loss, remains an unmet need. Here, we demonstrate that neurons generated by microRNA-based direct reprogramming of fibroblasts from patients affected by autosomal dominant AD (ADAD) and LOAD in a three-dimensional (3D) environment, effectively recapitulate key neuropathological features of AD without additional cellular or genetic insults. These LOAD neurons exhibit Aβ-dependent neurodegeneration, as treatment with β- or γ-secretase inhibitors before (but not subsequent to) Aβ deposit formation mitigated neuronal death. Moreover, inhibiting age-associated retrotransposable elements (RTEs) in LOAD neurons reduced both Ab deposition and neurodegeneration. Our study underscores the efficacy of modeling late-onset neuropathology of LOAD through high-efficiency microRNA-based neuronal reprogramming.
2024-08-05 | GSE252932 | GEO
Project description:Late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) is the most common form of AD. However, modeling sporadic LOAD, without clear genetic predispositions, to capture hallmark neuronal pathologies such as extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque deposition, intracellular tau tangles, and neuronal loss, remains an unmet need. Here, we demonstrate that neurons generated by microRNA-based direct reprogramming of fibroblasts from patients affected by autosomal dominant AD (ADAD) and LOAD in a three-dimensional (3D) environment, effectively recapitulate key neuropathological features of AD without additional cellular or genetic insults. These LOAD neurons exhibit Aβ-dependent neurodegeneration, as treatment with β- or γ-secretase inhibitors before (but not subsequent to) Aβ deposit formation mitigated neuronal death. Moreover, inhibiting age-associated retrotransposable elements (RTEs) in LOAD neurons reduced both Ab deposition and neurodegeneration. Our study underscores the efficacy of modeling late-onset neuropathology of LOAD through high-efficiency microRNA-based neuronal reprogramming.
2024-08-05 | GSE267613 | GEO
Project description:Late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) is the most common form of AD. However, modeling sporadic LOAD, without clear genetic predispositions, to capture hallmark neuronal pathologies such as extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque deposition, intracellular tau tangles, and neuronal loss, remains an unmet need. Here, we demonstrate that neurons generated by microRNA-based direct reprogramming of fibroblasts from patients affected by autosomal dominant AD (ADAD) and LOAD in a three-dimensional (3D) environment, effectively recapitulate key neuropathological features of AD without additional cellular or genetic insults. These LOAD neurons exhibit Aβ-dependent neurodegeneration, as treatment with β- or γ-secretase inhibitors before (but not subsequent to) Aβ deposit formation mitigated neuronal death. Moreover, inhibiting age-associated retrotransposable elements (RTEs) in LOAD neurons reduced both Ab deposition and neurodegeneration. Our study underscores the efficacy of modeling late-onset neuropathology of LOAD through high-efficiency microRNA-based neuronal reprogramming.
2024-08-05 | GSE253174 | GEO
Project description:We quantified genome-wide levels of H3K27ac in post-mortem entorhinal cortex tissue samples, identifying widespread Alzheimer's disease (AD)-associated acetylomic variation. Differentially acetylated peaks were identified in the vicinity genes implicated in both tau and amyloid neuropathology (MAPT, APP, PSEN1, PSEN2), as well as genomic regions containing variants associated with sporadic late-onset AD (CR1, TOMM40). Both MAPT and PSEN2 are characterized by an extended hyperacetylated region upstream of the TSS mapping to enhancers in the brain. We show that genes annotated to AD-associated hyper- and hypoacetylated peaks are enriched for brain- and neuropathology-related functions.
2018-08-11 | GSE102538 | GEO
Project description:Modeling late-onset Alzheimer's disease neuropathology via direct neuronal reprogramming
| PRJNA1063270 | ENA