Project description:Fertility depends on the progression of complex and coordinated postmating processes within the extracellular luminal environment of the female reproductive tract (FRT). To achieve a more comprehensive level of knowledge regarding female-derived proteins available to interact with the ejaculate, we utilized semiquantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics to study the composition of the FRT tissue and, separately, the luminal fluid, before and after mating in Drosophila melanogaster. Our approach leveraged whole-fly isotopic labelling to delineate between female proteins and those transferred from males in the ejaculate. The dynamic mating-induced proteomic changes in the extracellular FRT luminal fluid further informs our understanding of secretory mechanisms of the FRT and serves as a foundation for establishing the roles of ejaculate-female interactions in fertility.
Project description:Purpose: Mating induces a multitude of changes in female behavior, physiology and gene expression. Interactions between female and male genotype lead to variation in post-mating phenotypes and reproductive success. So far, few female molecules responsible for these interactions have been identified. Methods: We used Drosophila melanogaster from five geographically dispersed populations to investigate such female x male genotypic interactions at the female transcriptomic and phenotypic levels. Methods: Females from each line were singly-mated to males from the same five lines, for a total of 25 combinations. To assess whether female x male genotypic interactions affect the female post-mating transcriptome, next-generation RNA sequencing was performed on virgin and mated females at 5 to 6 hours post-mating. Results: Seventy-seven genes showed strong variation in mating-induced expression changes in a female x male genotype-dependent manner. These genes were enriched for immune response and odorant-binding functions, and for expression exclusively in the head. Conclusions: The transcriptional variation found in specific functional classes of genes might be a read-out of female x male compatibility at a molecular level. Understanding the roles these genes play in the female post-mating response will be crucial to better understand the evolution of post-mating responses and related conflicts between the sexes.
Project description:Temporal gene expression changes in head tissues from mated females was determined at four time points post-mating, from 0-2 hours out to 72 hours. Each time point assayed post-mating showed a unique post-mating gene expression response, with 48 hours post-mating having the largest number of genes with expression changes. At most time points, a marked change in expression of genes expressed in the head fat body and encode products that function in metabolism was observed. Additionally, gene expression was analyzed at 24 hours post-mating in brain tissues, identifying the repressed expression of several genes encoding ion channels.
Project description:Raw Data Files for investigation into the usage of micro push-pull perfusion probes to sample drosophila melanogaster brain in vivo, as well as sampling hemolymph from head and abdomen anatomical regions.
Project description:Background The evolution of female choice mechanisms favouring males of their own kind is considered as crucial step during the early stages of speciation. However, although the genomics of mate choice may influence both the likelihood and speed of speciation, the identity and location of genes underlying assortative mating remain largely unknown. Methods and Findings We used mate choice experiments and gene expression analysis of female D. melanogaster to examine three key components influencing speciation. We show that the 1,498 genes in Zimbabwean female Drosophila melanogaster whose expression levels differ when mating with more (Zimbabwean) versus less (Cosmopolitan strain) preferred males include many with high expression in the central nervous system and ovaries, are disproportionately X-linked and form a number of clusters with low recombination distance. Significant involvement of the brain and ovaries is consistent with the action of a combination of pre- and postcopulatory female choice mechanisms, while sex linkage and clustering of genes lead to high potential evolutionary rate and sheltering against the homogenizing effects of gene exchange between populations. Conclusion Taken together our results imply favourable genomic conditions for the evolution of reproductive isolation through mate choice in Zimbabwean D. melanogaster and suggest that mate choice may, in general, act as an even more important engine of speciation than previously realized.
Project description:The evolution of female choice mechanisms favouring males of their own kind is considered as crucial step during the early stages of speciation. However, although the genomics of mate choice may influence both the likelihood and speed of speciation, the identity and location of genes underlying assortative mating remain largely unknown. We used mate choice experiments and gene expression analysis of female D. melanogaster to examine three key components influencing speciation. We show that the 1,498 genes in Zimbabwean female Drosophila melanogaster whose expression levels differ when mating with more (Zimbabwean) versus less (Cosmopolitan strain) preferred males include many with high expression in the central nervous system and ovaries, are disproportionately X-linked and form a number of clusters with low recombination distance. Significant involvement of the brain and ovaries is consistent with the action of a combination of pre- and post-copulatory female choice mechanisms, while sex linkage and clustering of genes lead to high potential evolutionary rate and sheltering against the homogenizing effects of gene exchange between populations. Taken together our results imply favourable genomic conditions for the evolution of reproductive isolation through mate choice in Zimbabwean D. melanogaster and suggest that mate choice may, in general, act as an even more important engine of speciation than previously realized. We measured gene expression of adult female Drosophila melanogaster from a composite Zimbabwe (Z) strain population named SZ, produced by mixing the genomes of six Z strain isofemale lines, shortly after mating them with either SZ strain or cosmopolitan (M strain) males. Data from four replicates of each of the two treatments (SZ mated with SZ; SZ mated with M) are presented, giving a total of eight arrays.
Project description:We sequenced mRNA from head tissue of females and male of Drosophila melanogaster to identify genes differentially expressed between the sexes and sex-specific alternative splicing events. For data usage terms and conditions, please refer to http://www.genome.gov/27528022 and http://www.genome.gov/Pages/Research/ENCODE/ENCODEDataReleasePolicyFinal2008.pdf Comparison of expression profiles in female and male head tissue from D. melanogaster
Project description:To gain insight into the molecular underpinnings of the post-mating response that depend on the germline, we independently assess the contribution of the female germline and the male germline on gene expression changes in head tissues of females using RNA-seq.