Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique HTCC1002
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA13577 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AAPV01.dat.gz | Other | |||
| AAPV01.fasta.gz | Fasta.gz | |||
| AAPV01.master.dat | Other | |||
| AAPV01.dat.gz | Other |
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Project description:Thiamine is often undetectable in ocean surface waters where Pelagibacter cells are numerically abundant. Despite this, Pelagibacter cells are missing de novo thiamine synthesis pathways. We show that an eogenous source of the thiamine precursor HMP is required for thiamine synthesis in Pelagibacter and that this precursor is abundant in the Sargasso sea.
2015-01-20 | GSE46673 | GEO
Project description:Thiamine is often undetectable in ocean surface waters where Pelagibacter cells are numerically abundant. Despite this, Pelagibacter cells are missing de novo thiamine synthesis pathways. We show that an eogenous source of the thiamine precursor HMP is required for thiamine synthesis in Pelagibacter and that this precursor is abundant in the Sargasso sea. Batch cultures of P. ubique were grown in a defined arificial seawater media. Three cultures were given no thiamine amendment, and three other cultures received an excess concentration of thiamine. Cultures were harvested for microarray analyses just prior to and after thiamine limitation for the purpose of observing differences in gene expression related to thiamine limitation.
2015-01-20 | E-GEOD-46673 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Bacteria respond to stimuli in the environment using transcriptional control, but this may not be the case for most marine bacteria having small, streamlined genomes. Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique, a cultivated representative of the SAR11 clade, which is the most abundant clade in the oceans 4, has a small, streamlined genome and possesses an unusually small number of transcriptional regulators. This observation leads to the hypothesis that transcriptional control is low in Pelagibacter and limits its response to environmental conditions. However, the extent of transcriptional control in Pelagibacter is unknown. Here we show that transcriptional control is extremely low in Pelagibacter and another oligotroph (SAR92) compared to two marine copiotrophic bacterial taxa, Polaribacter MED152 and Ruegeria pomeroyi. We found that ~0.1% of protein-encoding genes in Pelagibacter are under transcriptional control compared to >10% of genes in other marine bacteria. Regardless of the growth condition, the same genes were highly expressed while most genes were always expressed at very low levels. Quantitative RNA sequencing revealed that abundances of most Pelagibacter transcripts were <0.01 copies per cell whereas transcript abundances were 1 to 10 copies per cell in some other bacteria. Our results demonstrate that Pelagibacter can change growth without shifts in transcript levels, suggesting that transcriptional control plays a minimal role in the adaptive strategy for one of the most successful organisms in the biosphere.
2015-03-03 | GSE66443 | GEO
Project description:The diversity and environmental distribution of the nosZ gene, which encodes the enzyme responsible for the consumption of nitrous oxide, was investigated in marine and terrestrial environments using a functional gene microarray. The microbial communities represented by the nosZ gene probes showed strong biogeographical separation, with communities from surface ocean waters and agricultural soils significantly different from each other and from those in oceanic oxygen minimum zones. Atypical nosZ genes, usually associated with incomplete denitrification pathways, were detected in all the environments, including surface ocean waters. The abundance of nosZ genes, as estimated by quantitative PCR, was highest in the agricultural soils and lowest in surface ocean waters.
2018-10-19 | GSE121473 | GEO
Project description:Bacteria respond to stimuli in the environment using transcriptional control, but this may not be the case for most marine bacteria having small, streamlined genomes. Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique, a cultivated representative of the SAR11 clade, which is the most abundant clade in the oceans 4, has a small, streamlined genome and possesses an unusually small number of transcriptional regulators. This observation leads to the hypothesis that transcriptional control is low in Pelagibacter and limits its response to environmental conditions. However, the extent of transcriptional control in Pelagibacter is unknown. Here we show that transcriptional control is extremely low in Pelagibacter and another oligotroph (SAR92) compared to two marine copiotrophic bacterial taxa, Polaribacter MED152 and Ruegeria pomeroyi. We found that ~0.1% of protein-encoding genes in Pelagibacter are under transcriptional control compared to >10% of genes in other marine bacteria. Regardless of the growth condition, the same genes were highly expressed while most genes were always expressed at very low levels. Quantitative RNA sequencing revealed that abundances of most Pelagibacter transcripts were <0.01 copies per cell whereas transcript abundances were 1 to 10 copies per cell in some other bacteria. Our results demonstrate that Pelagibacter can change growth without shifts in transcript levels, suggesting that transcriptional control plays a minimal role in the adaptive strategy for one of the most successful organisms in the biosphere. Bacteria were grown in batch culture and sampled twice during the initial, rapid phase of exponential growth and twice during the phase of slower growth that followed.
2015-03-03 | E-GEOD-66443 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:SAR11 bacteria are small, heterotrophic, marine alphaproteobacteria found throughout the oceans. They thrive at the low nutrient concentrations typical of open ocean conditions, although the adaptations required for life under those conditions are not well understood. To illuminate this issue, we used cryo-electron tomography to study "Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique" strain HTCC1062, a member of the SAR11 clade. Our results revealed its cellular dimensions and details of its intracellular organization. Frozen-hydrated cells, which were preserved in a life-like state, had an average cell volume (enclosed by the outer membrane) of 0.037 ± 0.011 ?m3 Strikingly, the periplasmic space occupied ?20% to 50% of the total cell volume in log-phase cells and ?50% to 70% in stationary-phase cells. The nucleoid occupied the convex side of the crescent-shaped cells and the ribosomes predominantly occupied the concave side, at a relatively high concentration of 10,000 to 12,000 ribosomes/?m3 Outer membrane pore complexes, likely composed of PilQ, were frequently observed in both log-phase and stationary-phase cells. Long filaments, most likely type IV pili, were found on dividing cells. The physical dimensions, intracellular organization, and morphological changes throughout the life cycle of "Ca. Pelagibacter ubique" provide structural insights into the functional adaptions of these oligotrophic ultramicrobacteria to their habitat. IMPORTANCE:Bacterioplankton of the SAR11 clade (Pelagibacterales) are of interest because of their global biogeochemical significance and because they appear to have been molded by unusual evolutionary circumstances that favor simplicity and efficiency. They have adapted to an ecosystem in which nutrient concentrations are near the extreme limits at which transport systems can function adequately, and they have evolved streamlined genomes to execute only functions essential for life. However, little is known about the actual size limitations and cellular features of living oligotrophic ultramicrobacteria. In this study, we have used cryo-electron tomography to obtain accurate physical information about the cellular architecture of "Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique," the first cultivated member of the SAR11 clade. These results provide foundational information for answering questions about the cell architecture and functions of these ultrasmall oligotrophic bacteria.
| S-EPMC5244296 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The alphaproteobacterium "Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique" strain HTCC1062 and most other members of the SAR11 clade lack genes for assimilatory sulfate reduction, making them dependent on organosulfur compounds that occur naturally in seawater. To investigate how these cells adapt to sulfur limitation, batch cultures were grown in defined medium containing either limiting or nonlimiting amounts of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) as the sole sulfur source. Protein and mRNA expression were measured before, during, and after the transition from exponential growth to stationary phase. Two distinct responses were observed, one as DMSP became exhausted and another as the cells acclimated to a sulfur-limited environment. The first response was characterized by increased transcription and translation of all "Ca. Pelagibacter ubique" genes downstream from the previously confirmed S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) riboswitches bhmT, mmuM, and metY. The proteins encoded by these genes were up to 33 times more abundant as DMSP became limiting. Their predicted function is to shunt all available sulfur to methionine. The secondary response, observed during sulfur-limited stationary phase, was a 6- to 10-fold increase in the transcription of the heme c shuttle-encoding gene ccmC and two small genes of unknown function (SAR11_1163 and SAR11_1164). This bacterium's strategy for coping with sulfur stress appears to be intracellular redistribution to support methionine biosynthesis rather than increasing organosulfur import. Many of the genes and SAM riboswitches involved in this response are located in a hypervariable genome region (HVR). One of these HVR genes, ordL, is located downstream from a conserved motif that evidence suggests is a novel riboswitch. IMPORTANCE "Ca. Pelagibacter ubique" is a key driver of marine biogeochemistry cycles and a model for understanding how minimal genomes evolved in free-living anucleate organisms. This study explores the unusual sulfur acquisition strategy that has evolved in these cells, which lack assimilatory sulfate reduction and instead rely on reduced sulfur compounds found in oxic marine environments to meet their cellular quotas. Our findings demonstrate that the sulfur acquisition systems are constitutively expressed but the enzymatic steps leading to the essential sulfur-containing amino acid methionine are regulated by a unique array of riboswitches and genes, many of which are encoded in a rapidly evolving genome region. These findings support mounting evidence that streamlined cells have evolved regulatory mechanisms that minimize transcriptional switching and, unexpectedly, localize essential sulfur acquisition genes in a genome region normally associated with adaption to environmental variation.
| S-EPMC5069961 | biostudies-literature