Solanum lycopersicum
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PROVIDER: PRJNA173350 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) MADS-box transcription factor RIN, one of the earliest-acting fruit-ripening regulators, is required for both ethylene-dependent and -independent regulatory pathways for fruit ripeing. Here, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with a DNA microarray (ChIP-chip) for the putative promoters of whole tomato predicted genes (ITAG2) for the genome-wide identification of the direct RIN targets. The ChIP-chip with anti-RIN antibody resulted in detection of 1,046 RIN-binding sites, each of which was assigned a significantly high peak score (FDRM-bM-^IM-$0.05) in at least two of the three biologically independent analyses. Using the information about genomic position of the RIN-binding sites, we found 1,200 genes as potential direct RIN targets that carried one or more RIN-binding sites in the transcription regulatory region (2-kb upstream putative promoter) or in other gene regions, such as exons, introns or a downstream region from the translation termination site (1-kb), where the promoter region of a neighbor gene are overlapped. Three biologically independent samples (chromatin-immunoprecipitated DNA and input DNA) recovered from the ripening tomato fruits.
2013-03-28 | E-GEOD-40257 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) MADS-box transcription factor RIPENING INHIBITOR (RIN) acts as a master regulator of tomato fruit ripening. We previously identified a direct RIN target gene Solyc07g052960, which encodes a putative GRAS family protein belonging to the SHORT-ROOT (SHR) branch, but its role was unknown. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated gene silencing reduced Solyc07g052960 expression in transgenic fruits, but the fruits appeared to ripen normally. However, the transgenic fruits at the ripening stage showed a marked decrease of the expression levels of several ripening-induced genes, especially involved in cell wall modification and secondary metabolism. This suggests that Solyc07g052960 participates in the regulation of these processes as one component of the RIN-activated transcriptional cascade regulating fruit ripening in tomato.
2014-03-01 | GSE45658 | GEO
Project description:Ripening is an important stage of fruit development to determine its quality as a diet. A tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) MADS-box transcription factor, RIPENING INHIBITOR (RIN), has been believed to serve as a regulator of ripening lying upstream of ethylene-dependent and ethylene-independent pathways. Here, we have conducted global gene expression analysis to comprehensively identify tomato genes whose expressions are affected by the rin mutation using microarray with RNA samples from the normal and rin mutant tomato fruits at the pre-ripening (mature green) and ripening (pink coloring) stages. By analysing this microarray data, we identified 342 of positively regulated and 473 negatively regulated genes by RIN, which showed >5 and <0.2 of the fold change ratio (FC) of normal fruits at the ripening stage relative to those at the pre-ripening stage, respectively, in a RIN-dependent manner. A chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis of the normal ripening tomatoes with the anti-RIN antibody revealed that the positively regulated gene set contained at least 13 direct RIN targets.
2012-04-02 | GSE28564 | GEO
Project description:The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) MADS-box transcription factor RIN, one of the earliest-acting fruit-ripening regulators, is required for both ethylene-dependent and -independent regulatory pathways for fruit ripeing. Here, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with a DNA microarray (ChIP-chip) for the putative promoters of whole tomato predicted genes (ITAG2) for the genome-wide identification of the direct RIN targets. The ChIP-chip with anti-RIN antibody resulted in detection of 1,046 RIN-binding sites, each of which was assigned a significantly high peak score (FDR≤0.05) in at least two of the three biologically independent analyses. Using the information about genomic position of the RIN-binding sites, we found 1,200 genes as potential direct RIN targets that carried one or more RIN-binding sites in the transcription regulatory region (2-kb upstream putative promoter) or in other gene regions, such as exons, introns or a downstream region from the translation termination site (1-kb), where the promoter region of a neighbor gene are overlapped.
2013-03-28 | GSE40257 | GEO
Project description:Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) has two MADS-box FRUITFULL homologs, FUL1 and FUL2, both of which are able to interact with the master ripening regulator RIN. Here, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with a DNA microarray (ChIP-chip) for the 2-kb upstream putative promoters of whole tomato predicted genes (ITAG2) for a large-scale identification of the direct target genes of FUL1 and FUL2 during ripening. The ChIP-chip with antibodies of FUL1 and FUL2 identified 1,877 and 1,919 of FUL1- and FUL2-binding sites, respectively, each of which was assigned a significantly high peak score (FDR<0.05) in at least two of the three biologically independent analyses. Using the information about genomic position of the FUL1- and FUL2-binding sites, we found 1,943 and 2,051 potential direct targets of FUL1 and FUL2, respectively, that carried one or more binding sites in the putative promoter or in other gene regions, such as exons, introns or a downstream region from the translation termination site (1-kb), where the promoter region of a neighbor gene are overlapped. The majority of the direct target genes are common between FUL1, FUL2 and RIN, suggesting that FUL1 and FUL2 act redundantly in the regulation of fruit ripening, and that these factors regulate the expression of their targets in a form of heteromer complex. Interestingly, the analysis also found direct targets unique to each of FUL1, FUL2 and RIN, implying their exclusive roles during ripening. Three biologically independent samples (chromatin-immunoprecipitated DNA and input DNA) recovered from the ripening tomato fruits.
2014-06-23 | E-GEOD-49125 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Fruits are unique to flowering plants and play a central role in seed maturation and dispersal. Molecular dissection of fruit ripening has received considerable interest because of the biological and dietary significance of fruit. To better understand the regulatory mechanisms underlying fruit ripening, we report here the first comprehensive analysis of the nuclear proteome in tomato fruits. Nuclear proteins were isolated from tomatoes in different stages of ripening, and subjected to iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification) analysis. The proteins that changed abundance across ripening stages are involved in various cellular processes. We additionally evaluated the changes in the nuclear proteome in the ripening-deficient mutant ripening inhibitor (rin) carrying a mutation in the transcription factor RIN. A set of proteins were identified and particular attention was paid to SlUBC32 and PSMD2, the components of ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Through chromatin immunoprecipitation and gel mobility shift assay, we provide evidence that RIN directly bound to the promoters of SlUBC32 and PSMD2. Moreover, loss of RIN function affected protein ubiquitination in nuclei. SlUBC32 encodes an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme and genome-wide survey of the E2 gene family in tomatoes identified five more E2s as the direct targets of RIN. Two E2s were demonstrated to be involved in the regulation of fruit ripening based on virus-induced gene silencing assays. Our results uncover the novel function of protein ubiquitination, identifying specific E2s as regulator in fruit ripening. These findings contribute to the unraveling of the gene regulatory networks that control fruit ripening.
2014-11-18 | PXD001414 | Pride
Project description:Ripening is an important stage of fruit development to determine its quality as a diet. A tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) MADS-box transcription factor, RIPENING INHIBITOR (RIN), has been believed to serve as a regulator of ripening lying upstream of ethylene-dependent and ethylene-independent pathways. Here, we have conducted global gene expression analysis to comprehensively identify tomato genes whose expressions are affected by the rin mutation using microarray with RNA samples from the normal and rin mutant tomato fruits at the pre-ripening (mature green) and ripening (pink coloring) stages. By analysing this microarray data, we identified 342 of positively regulated and 473 negatively regulated genes by RIN, which showed >5 and <0.2 of the fold change ratio (FC) of normal fruits at the ripening stage relative to those at the pre-ripening stage, respectively, in a RIN-dependent manner. A chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis of the normal ripening tomatoes with the anti-RIN antibody revealed that the positively regulated gene set contained at least 13 direct RIN targets. We monitored global gene expression in normal (PK331 cultivar) and rin mutant (PK353 cultivar) tomatoes at the pre-ripening (mature green, G) and ripening (pink coloring, P) stages using microarray with three biological replicates for each sample.
2012-04-01 | E-GEOD-28564 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) MADS-box transcription factor RIPENING INHIBITOR (RIN) acts as a master regulator of tomato fruit ripening. We previously identified a direct RIN target gene Solyc07g052960, which encodes a putative GRAS family protein belonging to the SHORT-ROOT (SHR) branch, but its role was unknown. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated gene silencing reduced Solyc07g052960 expression in transgenic fruits, but the fruits appeared to ripen normally. However, the transgenic fruits at the ripening stage showed a marked decrease of the expression levels of several ripening-induced genes, especially involved in cell wall modification and secondary metabolism. This suggests that Solyc07g052960 participates in the regulation of these processes as one component of the RIN-activated transcriptional cascade regulating fruit ripening in tomato. For a preliminary screening, we monitored global gene expression in tomato fruits from untransformed control (Ailsa Craig [AC] cultivar) and three transgenic lines with Solyc07g052960 knockdown by RNAi (lines T-7, T-22 and T-23) at the ripening (pink coloring) stage using microarray without biological replication.
2014-03-01 | E-GEOD-45658 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:[original title] Understanding the complexity of fruit ripening by transcriptome analysis of rin mutant fruit and in silico analysis of promoters of differentially regulated genes A tomato MADS-box transcription factor, LeMADS-RIN, controls fruit ripening and mutation in this gene results in non-ripening phenotype of fruit. This mutation down-regulates certain ripening related ethylene responses, however, other ethylene responses are normal. A complete understanding of this mutation and its effect on fruit transcriptome during ripening is not clear. In this study, microarray analysis has been used to investigate the influence of rin mutation on fruit transcriptome at different stages of ripening. A total of 2,398 genes were found to be differentially expressed in wild type fruit pericarp, which on cluster analysis indicated a major shift in their expression profiles in rin mutant fruit. A total of 1,802 genes were found to be differentially expressed between wild type and rin mutant fruits and 17% of these genes encoded regulatory elements, suggesting that mutation in LeMADS-RIN results in disturbance in the regulatory transcriptional networks during ripening. Since LeMADS-RIN has been reported to bind to the CArG box of LeACS2 promoter, in-silico analysis of 51 putative promoter sequences of the genes, that showed ripening associated up-regulation in wild type but showed impairment in up-regulation in rin mutant fruit during ripening, were searched for presence of CArG box along with ethylene and auxin responsive elements. The study revealed that only 24 putative promoter sequences harbor LeMADS-RIN specific CArG box suggesting an alternative mode of regulation by LeMADS-RIN for CArG box deficient genes. Three chronological stages of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) fruit ripening were compared between wild type and rin mutant
2012-02-29 | E-GEOD-20720 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) has two MADS-box FRUITFULL homologs, FUL1 and FUL2, both of which are able to interact with the master ripening regulator RIN. Here, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with a DNA microarray (ChIP-chip) for the 2-kb upstream putative promoters of whole tomato predicted genes (ITAG2) for a large-scale identification of the direct target genes of FUL1 and FUL2 during ripening. The ChIP-chip with antibodies of FUL1 and FUL2 identified 1,877 and 1,919 of FUL1- and FUL2-binding sites, respectively, each of which was assigned a significantly high peak score (FDR<0.05) in at least two of the three biologically independent analyses. Using the information about genomic position of the FUL1- and FUL2-binding sites, we found 1,943 and 2,051 potential direct targets of FUL1 and FUL2, respectively, that carried one or more binding sites in the putative promoter or in other gene regions, such as exons, introns or a downstream region from the translation termination site (1-kb), where the promoter region of a neighbor gene are overlapped. The majority of the direct target genes are common between FUL1, FUL2 and RIN, suggesting that FUL1 and FUL2 act redundantly in the regulation of fruit ripening, and that these factors regulate the expression of their targets in a form of heteromer complex. Interestingly, the analysis also found direct targets unique to each of FUL1, FUL2 and RIN, implying their exclusive roles during ripening.
2014-06-23 | GSE49125 | GEO