Mutational Landscape of Lethal Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer
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PROVIDER: PRJNA177193 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Characterization of the prostate cancer transcriptome and genome has identified chromosomal rearrangements and copy number gains/losses, including ETS gene fusions, PTEN loss and androgen receptor (AR) amplification, that drive prostate cancer development and progression to lethal, metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)1. As less is known about the role of mutations2-4, here we sequenced the exomes of 50 lethal, heavily-pretreated metastatic CRPCs obtained at rapid autopsy (including three different foci from the same patient) and 11 treatment naïve, high-grade localized prostate cancers. We identified low overall mutation rates even in heavily treated CRPC (2.00/Mb) and confirmed the monoclonal origin of lethal CRPC. Integrating exome copy number analysis identified disruptions of CHD1, which define a subtype of ETS? prostate cancer. Similarly, we demonstrate that ETS2, which is deleted in ~1/3 of CRPCs (commonly through TMPRSS2:ERG fusions), is a prostate cancer tumor suppressor that can also be deregulated through mutation. Further, we identified recurrent mutations in multiple chromatin/histone modifying genes, including MLL2 (mutated in 8.6% of prostate cancers), and demonstrate interaction of the MLL complex with AR, which is required for AR mediated signaling. We also identified novel recurrent mutations in the AR collaborating factor FOXA1, which is mutated in 5 of 147 (3.4%) prostate cancers (both untreated localized prostate cancer and CRPC) , and showed that mutated FOXA1 represses androgen signaling and increases tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Proteins that physically interact with AR, such as the ERG gene fusion product, FOXA1, MLL2, UTX, and ASXL1 were found to be mutated in CRPC, suggesting novel drivers of prostate cancer progression and potential resistance mechanisms to anti-androgen therapies. In summary, we describe the mutational landscape of a heavily treated metastatic cancer, identify novel mechanisms of AR signaling deregulated in prostate cancer, and prioritize candidates for future study. Gene expression profiling and array CGH (aCGH) was performed on matched benign prostate tissues (n=28), localized prostate cancer (n=59), and metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC, n=35). For gene expression profiling, frozen prostate tissue samples (channel 2), were hybridized against a commercial pool of benign prostate tissue (Clontech, channel 1). For aCGH, frozen prostate tissue samples (channel 2) were hybridized against a commerical sample of Human Male Genomic DNA (Promega, channel 1).
2012-05-22 | E-GEOD-35988 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Characterization of the prostate cancer transcriptome and genome has identified chromosomal rearrangements and copy number gains/losses, including ETS gene fusions, PTEN loss and androgen receptor (AR) amplification, that drive prostate cancer development and progression to lethal, metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)1. As less is known about the role of mutations2-4, here we sequenced the exomes of 50 lethal, heavily-pretreated metastatic CRPCs obtained at rapid autopsy (including three different foci from the same patient) and 11 treatment naïve, high-grade localized prostate cancers. We identified low overall mutation rates even in heavily treated CRPC (2.00/Mb) and confirmed the monoclonal origin of lethal CRPC. Integrating exome copy number analysis identified disruptions of CHD1, which define a subtype of ETS‑ prostate cancer. Similarly, we demonstrate that ETS2, which is deleted in ~1/3 of CRPCs (commonly through TMPRSS2:ERG fusions), is a prostate cancer tumor suppressor that can also be deregulated through mutation. Further, we identified recurrent mutations in multiple chromatin/histone modifying genes, including MLL2 (mutated in 8.6% of prostate cancers), and demonstrate interaction of the MLL complex with AR, which is required for AR mediated signaling. We also identified novel recurrent mutations in the AR collaborating factor FOXA1, which is mutated in 5 of 147 (3.4%) prostate cancers (both untreated localized prostate cancer and CRPC) , and showed that mutated FOXA1 represses androgen signaling and increases tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Proteins that physically interact with AR, such as the ERG gene fusion product, FOXA1, MLL2, UTX, and ASXL1 were found to be mutated in CRPC, suggesting novel drivers of prostate cancer progression and potential resistance mechanisms to anti-androgen therapies. In summary, we describe the mutational landscape of a heavily treated metastatic cancer, identify novel mechanisms of AR signaling deregulated in prostate cancer, and prioritize candidates for future study.
2012-05-23 | GSE35988 | GEO
Project description:<p>Exome sequencing of matched pairs of tumor / normal genomic DNA was performed from high risk localized prostate cancer or lethal, metastatic, castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Exome libraries were prepared using Illumina Paired_End Genome DNA Sample Prep Kit and captured using Agilent SureSelect Capture Library or Roche EZ Exome capture library. Sequencing was performed on Illumina GAII and HiSeq 2000 platforms in paired end mde, with 80 base pair reads from the final library fragments. Copy number alterations and somatic mutations were identified.</p>
| phs000554 | dbGaP
Project description:Prostate gland is a highly androgen dependent gland. The first line of treatment for metastatic prostate cancer therefore, is androgen ablation. This can be achieved by multiple non-surgical methods. However, most of these cancers although respond well initially, become resistant to androgen ablation sooner or later. These cancers then become extremely aggressive and difficult to treat, thereby drastically affect the patient prognosis. A gene expression signature for castrate resistant prostate cancer would be useful in identification of mechanisms responsible for castrate resistance, as well as to predict the progression of the cancer into castrate resistance. For this, our group has done a RNA-seq analysis of a. Control group (C); b. Castrate Sensitive group (B) and c. Castrate Resistant group (A). Gene expression profiling was performed on these samples using RNA-seq. Differentially expressed genes between control and castrate sensitive as well as control and castrate resistant groups were identified.
2024-09-11 | GSE262940 | GEO
Project description:In this study the development of androgen independence in a cell model of disease was selected as a mirror of to the events at play in the development of Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer in-vivo. LNCaP cells which are androgen dependent and androgen independent sublines; LNCaP-Abl and LNCaP-Abl-Hof were subject to extensive fractionation by 1-D SDS PAGE and accurate mass-high resolution mass spectrometry (Q Exactive) to identify proteins whose expression was changes significantly in response to androgen independent growth.
2022-02-28 | PXD000751 | Pride
Project description:Gene expression signature of castrate resistant prostate cancer
| PRJNA1094959 | ENA
Project description:Castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is poorly characterized and heterogeneous and while the androgen receptor (AR) is of singular importance in early prostate cancer, other factors such as c-Myc and the E2F family also play a role in later stage disease. Hes6 is a transcription co-factor that has been associated with neurogenesis during gastrulation, a neuroendocrine phenotype in the prostate and metastasis in breast cancer but its role in prostate cancer remains uncertain. Here we show that Hes6 is controlled by c-Myc and AR and drives castration resistance in prostate cancer. Hes6 activates a cell-cycle enhancing transcriptional network that maintains tumour growth and nuclear AR localization in castrate conditions. We show aphysical interaction between E2F1 and both Hes6 and AR, and suggest a co-dependency of these transcription factors in castration-resistance. In the clinical setting, we have uncovered a Hes6-associated signature that predicts poor outcome in prostate cancer, which can be pharmacologically targeted. We have therefore shown for the first time the critical role of Hes6 in the development of CRPC and identified its potential in patient specific therapeutic strategies. This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2014-04-17 | GSE36526 | GEO
Project description:Castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is poorly characterized and heterogeneous and while the androgen receptor (AR) is of singular importance in early prostate cancer, other factors such as c-Myc and the E2F family also play a role in later stage disease. Hes6 is a transcription co-factor that has been associated with neurogenesis during gastrulation, a neuroendocrine phenotype in the prostate and metastasis in breast cancer but its role in prostate cancer remains uncertain. Here we show that Hes6 is controlled by c-Myc and AR and drives castration resistance in prostate cancer. Hes6 activates a cell-cycle enhancing transcriptional network that maintains tumour growth and nuclear AR localization in castrate conditions. We show aphysical interaction between E2F1 and both Hes6 and AR, and suggest a co-dependency of these transcription factors in castration-resistance. In the clinical setting, we have uncovered a Hes6-associated signature that predicts poor outcome in prostate cancer, which can be pharmacologically targeted. We have therefore shown for the first time the critical role of Hes6 in the development of CRPC and identified its potential in patient specific therapeutic strategies. This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series
2014-04-17 | E-GEOD-36526 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Characterization of the prostate cancer transcriptome and genome has identified chromosomal rearrangements and copy number gains and losses, including ETS gene family fusions, PTEN loss and androgen receptor (AR) amplification, which drive prostate cancer development and progression to lethal, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, less is known about the role of mutations. Here we sequenced the exomes of 50 lethal, heavily pre-treated metastatic CRPCs obtained at rapid autopsy (including three different foci from the same patient) and 11 treatment-naive, high-grade localized prostate cancers. We identified low overall mutation rates even in heavily treated CRPCs (2.00 per megabase) and confirmed the monoclonal origin of lethal CRPC. Integrating exome copy number analysis identified disruptions of CHD1 that define a subtype of ETS gene family fusion-negative prostate cancer. Similarly, we demonstrate that ETS2, which is deleted in approximately one-third of CRPCs (commonly through TMPRSS2:ERG fusions), is also deregulated through mutation. Furthermore, we identified recurrent mutations in multiple chromatin- and histone-modifying genes, including MLL2 (mutated in 8.6% of prostate cancers), and demonstrate interaction of the MLL complex with the AR, which is required for AR-mediated signalling. We also identified novel recurrent mutations in the AR collaborating factor FOXA1, which is mutated in 5 of 147 (3.4%) prostate cancers (both untreated localized prostate cancer and CRPC), and showed that mutated FOXA1 represses androgen signalling and increases tumour growth. Proteins that physically interact with the AR, such as the ERG gene fusion product, FOXA1, MLL2, UTX (also known as KDM6A) and ASXL1 were found to be mutated in CRPC. In summary, we describe the mutational landscape of a heavily treated metastatic cancer, identify novel mechanisms of AR signalling deregulated in prostate cancer, and prioritize candidates for future study.
| S-EPMC3396711 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The development and progression of castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), a lethal disease, is thought to be driven by multiple events. A hallmark of CRPC is the ability to evade the cytotoxic effects of anti-androgen therapy. Importantly, persistent androgen receptor (AR) signalling is thought to play a principal role in maintaining CRPC. The precise molecular alterations driving this condition, however, are not clearly understood. Our previous studies identified specific metabolic alterations associated with localized prostate cancer (PCa) and CRPC, implicating metabolic re-programming in disease progression. Building on these findings, using a novel network-based integromics approach, here we show distinct alterations in the Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway (HBP) to be critical for sustaining the castrate resistant state. We found expression of the HBP enzyme glucosamine-phosphate N-acetyltransferase 1 (GNPNAT1) was regulated by androgens and elevated in androgen dependent (AD) PCa while relatively diminished in CRPC possessing either full length AR (AR-FL) or the spliced V7 variant (AR-V7). Genetic loss of function experiments for GNPNAT1 in CRPC-like cells led to increased proliferation and aggressiveness, both, in vitro and in vivo. This was mediated by specific cell cycle genes regulated by the PI3K-AKT pathway activating either AR in cells with AR-FL or SP1-ChREBP (carbohydrate response element binding protein) in cells containing AR-V7. Strikingly, addition of HBP metabolite UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP) to CRPC-like cells reduced the expression of cell cycle genes and attenuated tumor cell proliferation, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, addition of UDP sensitized CRPC-like cells, inclusive of those possessing AR-V7, to enzalutamide, demonstrating the therapeutic value of targeting altered metabolic pathways in lethal PCa. We anticipate that our findings will motivate the development of novel metabolic therapeutic strategies that complement existing treatments for men with lethal prostate cancer We used microarray analysis to determine key molecular alterations associated with inhibition of HBP pathway in CRPC by knocking down GNPNAT1 transcript level using lentiviral particle bearing shRNA in 22Rv1 and LNCaP-ABL cells GNPNAT1 expression was knockdown in two independent prostate cancer cells, 22Rv1 and LNCaP-ABL
2015-04-03 | E-GEOD-67537 | biostudies-arrayexpress