Soil metagenome
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA179030 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR619314.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR619315.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR619316.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR619317.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR619319.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:The Arecibo Observatory (AO) located in Arecibo, Puerto Rico, is the most sensitive, powerful and active planetary radar system in the world [1]. One of its principal components is the 305 m-diameter spherical reflector dish (AORD), which is exposed to high frequency electromagnetic waves. To unravel the microbial communities that inhabit this environment, soil samples from underneath the AORD were collected, DNA extracted, and sequenced using Illumina MiSeq. Taxonomic and functional profiles were generated using the MG-RAST server. The most abundant domain was Bacteria (91%), followed by Virus (8%), Archaea (0.9%) and Eukaryota (0.9%). The most abundant phylum was Proteobacteria (54%), followed by Actinobacteria (8%), Bacteroidetes (5%) and Firmicutes (4%). In terms of functions, the most abundant among the metagenome corresponded to phages, transposable elements and plasmids (16%), followed by clustering-based subsystems (11%), carbohydrates (10%), and amino acids and derivatives (9%). This is the first soil metagenomic dataset from dish antennas and radar systems, specifically, underneath the AORD. Data can be used to explore the effect of high frequency electromagnetic waves in soil microbial composition, as well as the possibility of finding bioprospects with potential biomedical and biotechnological applications.
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Project description:Soil microbial communities contain the highest level of prokaryotic diversity of any environment, and metagenomic approaches involving the extraction of DNA from soil can improve our access to these communities. Most analyses of soil biodiversity and function assume that the DNA extracted represents the microbial community in the soil, but subsequent interpretations are limited by the DNA recovered from the soil. Unfortunately, extraction methods do not provide a uniform and unbiased subsample of metagenomic DNA, and as a consequence, accurate species distributions cannot be determined. Moreover, any bias will propagate errors in estimations of overall microbial diversity and may exclude some microbial classes from study and exploitation. To improve metagenomic approaches, investigate DNA extraction biases, and provide tools for assessing the relative abundances of different groups, we explored the biodiversity of the accessible community DNA by fractioning the metagenomic DNA as a function of (i) vertical soil sampling, (ii) density gradients (cell separation), (iii) cell lysis stringency, and (iv) DNA fragment size distribution. Each fraction had a unique genetic diversity, with different predominant and rare species (based on ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis [RISA] fingerprinting and phylochips). All fractions contributed to the number of bacterial groups uncovered in the metagenome, thus increasing the DNA pool for further applications. Indeed, we were able to access a more genetically diverse proportion of the metagenome (a gain of more than 80% compared to the best single extraction method), limit the predominance of a few genomes, and increase the species richness per sequencing effort. This work stresses the difference between extracted DNA pools and the currently inaccessible complete soil metagenome.
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