Project description:This study was initiated with the objective of identifying the anther/tapetum specific promoters from cotton floral buds. Cotton is an important commercial crop. Hybrid cotton varieties are developed to obtain improved yield and fiber quality. Most of the hybrid seed production in cotton is carried out by hand emasculation, which requires large amount of manpower, resulting in high cost of hybrid seed. We are developing barnase-barstar based male sterility system, which would be a better alternative for hybrid development. The tapetum specific promoters are main requirement for such a system. The study was thus carried out to identify genes expressed in the anthers. Cotton bud sizes were correlated with tapetum development. RNA was isolated from following tissues: • Anther tissues from buds at pre-meiotic stage of development (Tapetum absent) • Buds without anther tissues at pre-meiotic stage of development • Anther tissues from buds during meiosis (Tapetum present) • Buds without anther tissues during meiosis • Anther tissues from buds at post-meiotic stage of development (Tapetum degenerated) • Buds without anther tissues at post-meiotic stage of development • Leaf tissues • Seedling 5 days after germination Biotin labeled cRNA was hybridized on Affymertix cotton Genechip Genome array following Affymetrix protocols. Three biological replicates were maintained.
Project description:This study was initiated with the objective of identifying the anther/tapetum specific promoters from cotton floral buds. Cotton is an important commercial crop. Hybrid cotton varieties are developed to obtain improved yield and fiber quality. Most of the hybrid seed production in cotton is carried out by hand emasculation, which requires large amount of manpower, resulting in high cost of hybrid seed. We are developing barnase-barstar based male sterility system, which would be a better alternative for hybrid development. The tapetum specific promoters are main requirement for such a system. The study was thus carried out to identify genes expressed in the anthers.
Project description:Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an important economic crop, used mainly for the production of textile fiber. Using a space mutation breeding technique, a novel photosensitive genetic male sterile mutant CCRI9106 was isolated from the wild-type upland cotton cultivar CCRI040029. To use CCRI9106 in cotton hybrid breeding, it is of great importance to study the molecular mechanisms of its male sterility. Here, histological and iTRAQ-facilitated proteomic analyses of anthers were performed to explore male sterility mechanisms of the mutant. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy of the anthers showed that the development of pollen wall in CCRI9106 was severely defective with a lack of exine formation. At the protein level, 6,121 high-confidence proteins were identified and 365 of them showed differential expression patterns between mutant and wild-type anthers. The proteins up- or down-regulated in MT anthers were mainly involved in exine formation, protein degradation, calcium ion binding and etc. These findings provide valuable information on the proteins involved in anther and pollen development, and contribute to elucidate the mechanism of male sterility in upland cotton.
Project description:Genetic male sterility (GMS) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) plays an important role in the utilization of hybrid vigor. However, the molecular mechanism of the GMS is still unclear. While numerous studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNA) regulate flower and anther development, whether different small RNA regulations exist in GMS and its wild type is unclear. To investigate the global expression and complexity of small RNAs during cotton anther development, three small RNA libraries were constructed from the anthers of three development stages each from fertile wild type (WT) and its GMS mutant cotton.
Project description:Genetic male sterility (GMS) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) plays an important role in the utilization of hybrid vigor. However, the molecular mechanism of the GMS is still unclear. While numerous studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNA) regulate flower and anther development, whether different small RNA regulations exist in GMS and its wild type is unclear. To investigate the global expression and complexity of small RNAs during cotton anther development, three small RNA libraries were constructed from the anthers of three development stages each from fertile wild type (WT) and its GMS mutant cotton. Examination of different miRNA profiles in 2 lines.
Project description:High-throughput small RNA and degradome sequencing were performed to identify a large number of miRNAs and their targets. Differential expression of several miRNAs reveals that miRNA regulatory network was closely linked to gametophyte development and male sterility in Ponkan mandarin. The expression profiles of miR156 and miR167 as well as their targets demonstrated their contribution in male sterility in the Ponkan seedless type. This study provides valuable information for better understanding of miRNAs network in plant anther development and lays a foundation to future research on male sterility in citrus and even other species. small RNA and degradome sequencing of seedy M-bM-^@M-^XEgan No.1M-bM-^@M-^Y and its male sterile and seedless mutant M-bM-^@M-^XQianyang seedlessM-bM-^@M-^Y