Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that play critical roles in regulating post transcriptional gene expression. Gall midges encompass a large group of insects that are of economic importance and also possess fascinating biological traits. The gall midge Mayetiola destructor, commonly known as the Hessian fly, is a model organism for studying gall midge biology and insect M-bM-^@M-^S host plant interactions. In this study, we systematically analyzed miRNAs from the Hessian fly. Deep-sequencing a Hessian fly larval transcriptome led to the identification of 89 miRNA species that are either identical or very similar to known miRNAs from other insects, and 184 novel miRNAs that have not been reported from other species. Microarray analyses revealed the expression of miRNA genes was strictly regulated during Hessian fly larval development and abundance of many miRNA genes were affected by host genotypes. The identification of a large number of miRNAs for the first time from a gall midge provides a foundation for further studies of miRNA functions in gall midge biology and behavior. Two wheat lines M-bM-^@M-^\MollyM-bM-^@M-^] and M-bM-^@M-^\NewtonM-bM-^@M-^] were used in the experiment. Newton is a susceptible winter wheat that contains no Hessian fly R gene, and Molly is a nearly isogenic line of Newton, but contains the R gene H13. Larvae were collected one and three days after egg hatch from susceptible Newton and resistant Molly plants. Total RNA extracted from the collected larvae was used for microarray analysis. Three biological replications were used for each treatment and at each time point.
Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that play critical roles in regulating post transcriptional gene expression. Gall midges encompass a large group of insects that are of economic importance and also possess fascinating biological traits. The gall midge Mayetiola destructor, commonly known as the Hessian fly, is a model organism for studying gall midge biology and insect – host plant interactions. In this study, we systematically analyzed miRNAs from the Hessian fly. Deep-sequencing a Hessian fly larval transcriptome led to the identification of 89 miRNA species that are either identical or very similar to known miRNAs from other insects, and 184 novel miRNAs that have not been reported from other species. Microarray analyses revealed the expression of miRNA genes was strictly regulated during Hessian fly larval development and abundance of many miRNA genes were affected by host genotypes. The identification of a large number of miRNAs for the first time from a gall midge provides a foundation for further studies of miRNA functions in gall midge biology and behavior.
Project description:Genes expressed in the salivary glands and gut of Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor) larvae are likely involved in interactions with host plants.
Project description:Genes expressed in the salivary glands and gut of Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor) larvae are likely involved in interactions with host plants.
Project description:Genes expressed in the salivary glands and gut of Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor) larvae are likely involved in interactions with host plants. Hessian fly larval tissues were derived from three day old larvae that were cultured on susceptible cultivar Newton. Each tissue sample contained 200 individuals dissected from the same stage of insects. The same type of dissected tissues were pooled and total RNA was extracted from development of microarray probes.
Project description:Genes expressed in the salivary glands and gut of Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor) larvae are likely involved in interactions with host plants. RNA samples were extracted from whole larvae. The microarray was used to determine the abundance of transcripts in larvae at different developmental stage or larvae that feed on resistant and susceptible host plants.
Project description:The Hessian fly (HF, Mayetiola destructor) is a biotrophic insect that interacts with wheat on a typical gene-for-gene basis. Identification of the genes which are differentially expressed during wheat-HF interactions may provide critical information to better understand the plant resistance mechanisms. Microarray analyses of transcripts, including those encoding various lipases, lipid transfer proteins, enzymes involved in oxylipin synthesis, and enzymes involved in wax and cutin synthesis, revealed that the abundance of many of these transcripts increased rapidly in resistant plants after HF attack, but did not change in susceptible plants. We conducted the genome-wide transcriptional analysis of gene expression to identify the genes from wheat plants which were differentially express during compatible and incompatible wheat-Hessian fly interactions at 6, 12, and 24 hrs. Two wheat lines M-bM-^@M-^\MollyM-bM-^@M-^] and M-bM-^@M-^\NewtonM-bM-^@M-^] were used in the experiment. Molly contains R gene H13 and have incompatible interaction with Hessian fly larvae whereas Newton is susceptible and has compatible interaction with Hessian fly larvae. Total RNA was extracted from larval feeding site which is 1.5-2 cm of the second leaf sheath and hybridized on Affymetrix microarrays. Tissues were collected at three time points (6, 12, and 24 hr) after the Hessian fly egg hatching. The data obtained from each treatment were compared with the uninfested control within each wheat line under identical conditions.