Sulfolobus islandicus L.S.2.15
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA18987 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Hyperthermophilic acidophilic sulfur-metabolizing archeon
| PRJNA18805 | ENA
Project description:Hyperthermophilic acidophilic sulfur-metabolizing archeon
| PRJNA18803 | ENA
Project description:Protein posttranslational methylation and acetylations have been reported to occur in archaea, including members of the genus Sulfolobus, but have not been characterized on a proteome-wide scale. Sulfolobus chromatin proteins are known to be methylated and acetylated on lysine side chains, resembling eukaryotic histones in this respect. We utilized bottom-up and top-down proteomic approaches to perform a global and deep methylation study in the hyperthermoacidophylic archaeon S. islandicus LAL 14/1 with a particular focus on chromatin proteins. Without specific enrichment, 1931 methylation sites on 731 protein were found by bottom-up proteomic analysis. The dynamics of protein methylation has been investigated on 424-526 proteins throughout 3 cell culture growth stages. We also confirm the relaxed specificity and steady abundance of the previously described methyltransferase aKMT4 which is implicated in the massive proteome methylation. We also detected an abundant N-terminal acetylation of S. islandicus proteins, with more than one third of the detected N-terminal peptides being acetylated
2022-03-01 | PXD003102 | Pride
Project description:Protein posttranslational methylation and acetylations have been reported to occur in archaea, including members of the genus Sulfolobus, but have not been characterized on a proteome-wide scale. Sulfolobus chromatin proteins are known to be methylated and acetylated on lysine side chains, resembling eukaryotic histones in this respect. We utilized bottom-up and top-down proteomic approaches to perform a global and deep methylation study in the hyperthermoacidophylic archaeon S. islandicus with particular interest in chromatin proteins. Without specific enrichment, 731 protein were found by bottom-up proteomic analysis. The methylation sites on >400 proteins were monitored throughout 3 cell culture growth stages: early exponential, late exponential and stationary. (The previously described aKMT4 is found to be a plausible methyltransferase responsible for the massive methylation.) The proteome-wide top-down study/approach revealed 3778 proteoforms of 681 proteins, including 292 methylated proteoforms, of which 85 were comprehensively characterized by high-resolution MS/MS. Methylated proteoforms of the five chromatin proteins were characterized in detail by combination of bottom-up and top-down data showing the differences between the closely related Sul7d proteins. The two Alba chromatin proteins are, for the first time, reported to be methylated in this work. Alba1 protein is shown to be mono-, di- and trimethylated at the lysine-16 side chain. Stage-wise top-down analysis shows that the relative abundance of the methylated proteoforms versus non-methylated ones significantly grows/increases for Alba1 and Cren7 chromatin proteins throughout the cell growth. These findings highlight the ubiquitous lysine methylation throughout the S. islandicus proteome and singificantly enrich our knowledge related aboutarchaeal chromatin proteins.
2016-09-13 | PXD003074 | Pride
Project description:Variation in gene content has been hypothesized to be the primary mode of adaptive evolution in microorganisms; however, very little is known about the spatial and temporal distribution of variable genes. Through population-scale comparative genomics of 7 Sulfolobus islandicus genomes from 3 locations, we demonstrate the biogeographical structure of the pan-genome of this species, with no evidence of gene flow between geographically isolated populations. The evolutionary independence of each population allowed us to assess genome dynamics over very recent evolutionary time, beginning approximately 910,000 years ago. On this time scale, genome variation largely consists of recent strain-specific integration of mobile elements. Localized sectors of parallel gene loss are identified; however, the balance between the gain and loss of genetic material suggests that S. islandicus genomes acquire material slowly over time, primarily from closely related Sulfolobus species. Examination of the genome dynamics through population genomics in S. islandicus exposes the process of allopatric speciation in thermophilic Archaea and brings us closer to a generalized framework for understanding microbial genome evolution in a spatial context.
| S-EPMC2689034 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Protein posttranslational methylation and acetylation have been reported to occur in archaea, including the genus Sulfolobus, but have never been characterized on a proteome-wide scale. Among important Sulfolobus proteins carrying such modifications are the chromatin proteins that have been described to be methylated and acetylated on lysine side chains, resembling eukaryotic histones in that aspect. To get more insight into the extent of these modifications and their dynamics during the different growth steps of the thermoacidophylic archaeon S. islandicus , we performed a global and deep proteomics analysis using a combination of high-throughput bottom-up and top-down proteomics approaches on a single high-resolution mass spectrometer. 1,931 methylation sites on 751 proteins were found by the bottom-up analysis, with methylation sites of 424-526 proteins monitored throughout three cell culture growth stages: Early, Mid and Late. The previously described aKMT4 methyltransferase was found to be potentially responsible for this massive modification.
2016-09-13 | PXD004179 | Pride
Project description:We investigated the interaction between Sulfolobus spindle-shaped virus (SSV9) and its native archaeal host Sulfolobus islandicus. We show that upon exposure to SSV9, S. islandicus strain RJW002 has a significant growth delay where the majority of cells are dormant (viable but not growing) for 24 to 48 hours postinfection (hpi) compared to the growth of controls without virus. We demonstrate that in this system, dormancy (i) is induced by both active and inactive virus particles at a low multiplicity of infection (MOI), (ii) is reversible in strains with active CRISPR-Cas immunity that prevents the establishment of productive infections, and (iii) results in dramatic and rapid host death if virus persists in the culture even at low levels. Our results add a new dimension to evolutionary models of virus-host interactions, showing that the mere presence of a virus induces host cell stasis and death independent of infection. This novel, highly sensitive, and risky bet-hedging antiviral response must be integrated into models of virus-host interactions in this system so that the true ecological impact of viruses can be predicted and understood. Viruses of microbes play key roles in microbial ecology; however, our understanding of viral impact on host physiology is based on a few model bacteria that represent a small fraction of the life history strategies employed by hosts or viruses across the three domains that encompass the microbial world. We have demonstrated that rare and even inactive viruses induce dormancy in the model archaeon S. islandicus. Similar virus-induced dormancy strategies in other microbial systems may help to explain several confounding observations in other systems, including the surprising abundance of dormant cell types found in many microbial environments, the difficulty of culturing microorganisms in the laboratory, and the paradoxical virus-to-host abundances that do not match model predictions. A more accurate grasp of virus-host interactions will expand our understanding of the impact of viruses in microbial ecology.
| S-EPMC4453537 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Sulfolobus islandicus is a model microorganism in the TACK superphylum of the Archaea, a key lineage in the evolutionary history of cells. Here we report a genome-wide identification of the repertoire of genes essential to S. islandicus growth in culture. We confirm previous targeted gene knockouts, uncover the non-essentiality of functions assumed to be essential to the Sulfolobus cell, including the proteinaceous S-layer, and highlight essential genes whose functions are yet to be determined. Phyletic distributions illustrate the potential transitions that may have occurred during the evolution of this archaeal microorganism, and highlight sets of genes that may have been associated with each transition. We use this comparative context as a lens to focus future research on archaea-specific uncharacterized essential genes that may provide valuable insights into the evolutionary history of cells.
| S-EPMC6249222 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Predator-prey models for virus-host interactions predict that viruses will cause oscillations of microbial host densities due to an arms race between resistance and virulence. A new form of microbial resistance, CRISPRs (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) are a rapidly evolving, sequence-specific immunity mechanism in which a short piece of invading viral DNA is inserted into the host's chromosome, thereby rendering the host resistant to further infection. Few studies have linked this form of resistance to population dynamics in natural microbial populations.We examined sequence diversity in 39 strains of the archeaon Sulfolobus islandicus from a single, isolated hot spring from Kamchatka, Russia to determine the effects of CRISPR immunity on microbial population dynamics. First, multiple housekeeping genetic markers identify a large clonal group of identical genotypes coexisting with a diverse set of rare genotypes. Second, the sequence-specific CRISPR spacer arrays split the large group of isolates into two very different groups and reveal extensive diversity and no evidence for dominance of a single clone within the population.The evenness of resistance genotypes found within this population of S. islandicus is indicative of a lack of strain dominance, in contrast to the prediction for a resistant strain in a simple predator-prey interaction. Based on evidence for the independent acquisition of resistant sequences, we hypothesize that CRISPR mediated clonal interference between resistant strains promotes and maintains diversity in this natural population.
| S-EPMC2946923 | biostudies-literature