Project description:Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6 is a 4-chlorophenol degrading soil bacterium with high phyllosphere colonization capacity. Till now the genetic basis for the phyllosphere competency of Arthrobacter or other pollutant-degrading bacteria is uncertain. We investigated global gene expression profile of A. chlorophenolicus grown in the phyllosphere of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) compared to growth on agar surfaces.
Project description:Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6 is a 4-chlorophenol degrading soil bacterium with high phyllosphere colonization capacity. Till now the genetic basis for the phyllosphere competency of Arthrobacter or other pollutant-degrading bacteria is uncertain. We investigated global gene expression profile of A. chlorophenolicus grown in the phyllosphere of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) compared to growth on agar surfaces. We designed transcriptome arrays and investigated which genes had different transcript levels in the phyllosphere of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) as compared to agar surfaces. Since water availability is considered an important factor in phyllosphere survival and activity, we included both high and low relative humidity treatments for the phyllosphere-grown cells. In addition, we determined the expression profile under pollutant exposure by the inclusion of two agar surface treatments, i.e. with and without 4-chlorophenol.
Project description:Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6, a previously described 4-chlorophenol-degrading strain, was found to degrade 4-chlorophenol via hydroxyquinol, which is a novel route for aerobic microbial degradation of this compound. In addition, 10 open reading frames exhibiting sequence similarity to genes encoding enzymes involved in chlorophenol degradation were cloned and designated part of a chlorophenol degradation gene cluster (cph genes). Several of the open reading frames appeared to encode enzymes with similar functions; these open reading frames included two genes, cphA-I and cphA-II, which were shown to encode functional hydroxyquinol 1,2-dioxygenases. Disruption of the cphA-I gene yielded a mutant that exhibited negligible growth on 4-chlorophenol, thereby linking the cph gene cluster to functional catabolism of 4-chlorophenol in A. chlorophenolicus A6. The presence of a resolvase pseudogene in the cph gene cluster together with analyses of the G+C content and codon bias of flanking genes suggested that horizontal gene transfer was involved in assembly of the gene cluster during evolution of the ability of the strain to grow on 4-chlorophenol.