Homo sapiens
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA213130 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR942404.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR942405.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR942406.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR942407.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR942408.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Global Run-On has been performed on WT or KD for RECQL5 cells after release from DRB. When RECQL5 is knocked-down the transcriptional wave front is more advanced, suggesting that transcription is faster. Constitutive knock-down cell lines expressing or not endogenous levels of shRNA resistant RECQL5 under a Doxycycline inducible promoter were treated with high doses of DRB to block transcription. Upon release into fresh medium we were able to follow how much and how fast the RNA Pol II progresses through genes by mapping nascent RNA by Run-On. The experiment was performed in two cell line clones.
2014-06-09 | E-GEOD-49133 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Global Run-On has been performed on WT or KD for RECQL5 cells after release from DRB. When RECQL5 is knocked-down the transcriptional wave front is more advanced, suggesting that transcription is faster.
2014-06-09 | GSE49133 | GEO
Project description:To investigate the question that whether Rpb9 affects elongation velocity, thereby indirectly affecting splicing the regulation, we performed time-course GRO-seq after DRB release. In this assay, DRB was first used to block transcription elongation, which caused Pol II to accumulate at TSSs. Upon DRB wash-off, we performed GRO-seq at 0, 10, 20, and 30min to determine the movement of Pol II wave toward gene 3’ end.Based on the hidden Markov model established earlier, we detected a marked reduction of Pol II re-initiation upon DRB removal in response to Rpb9 knockdown (KD) in HeLa cells. This is consistent with the role of Rpb9 in transcription initiation. By determining the mean elongation rate between 10 and 20min and between 20 and 30m, we found accelerated Pol II elongation, as reported earlier, and interestingly, Rpb9 knockdown appeared to have slightly decreased, rather increased, the rate of transcription. We divided all impacted splicing events 4 equal bins and then asked if a higher degree of induced exon skipping tends to occur on genes with faster Pol II movement, finding that this is not the case. Conversely, we divided Rpb9 KD-altered Pol II rate into 4 equal binds and asked whether splicing shows any correlation to Pol II Rpb9 KD-altered Pol II elongation rate, and again, we detected no correlation. We conclude from these data that Rpb9 KD has some minor impact on the Pol II elongation rate in vivo, and importantly, whatever measurable changes in Rpb9 KD-induced Pol II elongation rate are not linked to changes in Rpb9 KD-induced co-transcriptional splicing.
2023-12-25 | GSE221839 | GEO
Project description:Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is a ketone body synthesized during fasting or strenuous exercise. Our previous study demonstrated that a cyclic ketogenic diet (KD), which induces BHB levels similar to fasting every other week, reduces midlife mortality and improves memory in aging mice. BHB actively regulates gene expression and inflammatory activation through non-energetic signaling pathways. Neither of these activities has been well-characterized in the brain and they may represent mechanisms by which BHB affects brain function during aging. First, we analyzed hepatic gene expression in an aging KD-treated mouse cohort using bulk RNA-seq. In addition to the downregulation of TOR pathway activity, cyclic KD reduces inflammatory gene expression in the liver. We observed via flow cytometry that KD also modulates age-related systemic T cell functions. Next, we investigated whether BHB affects brain cells transcriptionallyin vitro. Gene expression analysis in primary human brain cells (microglia, astrocytes, neurons) using RNA-seq shows that BHB causes a mild level of inflammation in all three cell types. However, BHB inhibits the more pronounced LPS-induced inflammatory gene activation in microglia. Furthermore, we confirmed that BHB similarly reduces LPS-induced inflammation in primary mouse microglia and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). BHB is recognized as an inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), an inhibitor of NLRP3 inflammasome, and an agonist of the GPCR Hcar2. Nevertheless, in microglia, BHB's anti-inflammatory effects are independent of these known mechanisms. Finally, we examined the brain gene expression of 12-month-old male mice fed with one-week and one-year cyclic KD. While a one-week KD increases inflammatory signaling, a one-year cyclic KD reduces neuroinflammation induced by aging. In summary, our findings demonstrate that BHB mitigates the microglial response to inflammatory stimuli, like LPS, possibly leading to decreased chronic inflammation in the brain after long-term KD treatment in aging mice.
2024-01-31 | GSE252513 | GEO
Project description:We assess the role of Setd5 on trancription elongation, by profiling nascent chromatin bound RNAs after DRB treatment an release, in wild type and Setd5 heterozygous mouse neural stem cells (NSCs).
2019-07-10 | GSE127004 | GEO
Project description:RNA extracted at 240min. Samples are rRNA depleted. Expression measurement of Homo sapiens genes.
2019-07-31 | GSE114179 | GEO
Project description:Kynureninase is a member of a large family of catalytically diverse but structurally homologous pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) dependent enzymes known as the aspartate aminotransferase superfamily or alpha-family. The Homo sapiens and other eukaryotic constitutive kynureninases preferentially catalyze the hydrolytic cleavage of 3-hydroxy-l-kynurenine to produce 3-hydroxyanthranilate and l-alanine, while l-kynurenine is the substrate of many prokaryotic inducible kynureninases. The human enzyme was cloned with an N-terminal hexahistidine tag, expressed, and purified from a bacterial expression system using Ni metal ion affinity chromatography. Kinetic characterization of the recombinant enzyme reveals classic Michaelis-Menten behavior, with a Km of 28.3 +/- 1.9 microM and a specific activity of 1.75 micromol min-1 mg-1 for 3-hydroxy-dl-kynurenine. Crystals of recombinant kynureninase that diffracted to 2.0 A were obtained, and the atomic structure of the PLP-bound holoenzyme was determined by molecular replacement using the Pseudomonas fluorescens kynureninase structure (PDB entry 1qz9) as the phasing model. A structural superposition with the P. fluorescens kynureninase revealed that these two structures resemble the "open" and "closed" conformations of aspartate aminotransferase. The comparison illustrates the dynamic nature of these proteins' small domains and reveals a role for Arg-434 similar to its role in other AAT alpha-family members. Docking of 3-hydroxy-l-kynurenine into the human kynureninase active site suggests that Asn-333 and His-102 are involved in substrate binding and molecular discrimination between inducible and constitutive kynureninase substrates.
| S-EPMC2531291 | biostudies-literature
Project description:As the evolution of miRNA genes has been found to be one of the important factors in formation of the modern type of man, we performed a comparative analysis of the evolution of miRNA genes in two archaic hominines, Homo sapiens neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens denisova, and elucidated the expression of their target mRNAs in bain.A comparative analysis of the genomes of primates, including species in the genus Homo, identified a group of miRNA genes having fixed substitutions with important implications for the evolution of Homo sapiens neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens denisova. The mRNAs targeted by miRNAs with mutations specific for Homo sapiens denisova exhibited enhanced expression during postnatal brain development in modern humans. By contrast, the expression of mRNAs targeted by miRNAs bearing variations specific for Homo sapiens neanderthalensis was shown to be enhanced in prenatal brain development.Our results highlight the importance of changes in miRNA gene sequences in the course of Homo sapiens denisova and Homo sapiens neanderthalensis evolution. The genetic alterations of miRNAs regulating the spatiotemporal expression of multiple genes in the prenatal and postnatal brain may contribute to the progressive evolution of brain function, which is consistent with the observations of fine technical and typological properties of tools and decorative items reported from archaeological Denisovan sites. The data also suggest that differential spatial-temporal regulation of gene products promoted by the subspecies-specific mutations in the miRNA genes might have occurred in the brains of Homo sapiens denisova and Homo sapiens neanderthalensis, potentially contributing to the cultural differences between these two archaic hominines.
| S-EPMC4686780 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeWe investigated the evidence of recent positive selection in the human phototransduction system at single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and gene level.MethodsSNP genotyping data from the International HapMap Project for European, Eastern Asian, and African populations was used to discover differences in haplotype length and allele frequency between these populations. Numeric selection metrics were computed for each SNP and aggregated into gene-level metrics to measure evidence of recent positive selection. The level of recent positive selection in phototransduction genes was evaluated and compared to a set of genes shown previously to be under recent selection, and a set of highly conserved genes as positive and negative controls, respectively.ResultsSix of 20 phototransduction genes evaluated had gene-level selection metrics above the 90th percentile: RGS9, GNB1, RHO, PDE6G, GNAT1, and SLC24A1. The selection signal across these genes was found to be of similar magnitude to the positive control genes and much greater than the negative control genes.ConclusionsThere is evidence for selective pressure in the genes involved in retinal phototransduction, and traces of this selective pressure can be demonstrated using SNP-level and gene-level metrics of allelic variation. We hypothesize that the selective pressure on these genes was related to their role in low light vision and retinal adaptation to ambient light changes. Uncovering the underlying genetics of evolutionary adaptations in phototransduction not only allows greater understanding of vision and visual diseases, but also the development of patient-specific diagnostic and intervention strategies.
| S-EPMC3743458 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Genome-wide mapping of NuRD subunits, H3.3, and histone modifications in WT and H3.3 KD 3T3 MEFs. RNAseq data from WT and H3.3 KD cells.
2018-09-03 | GSE110382 | GEO