Project description:Gene expression changes were followed in cultures of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 substrain GT-T cultivated at ambient air or supplemented with 3% CO2. The acclimation to different CO2 concentrations is crucial for photoautotrophic organisms living in aquatic environments such as cyanobacteria. Samples were taken before and 1 h and 24 h after transfer to the3 % CO2 environment. The analyzed strains were wild type, a deletion mutant of gene ssl2982/rpoZ (ΔrpoZ) and two suppressor strains (R1, ΔrpoZ-S1 and R2, ΔrpoZ-S2). In cyanobacteria, elevated CO2 is known to down-regulate carbon concentrating mechanisms and accelerate photosynthesis and growth, but mechanism(s) of carbon signalling remains only poorly understood. Here we reveal a novel signalling cascade connecting the amount of CO2 and growth in the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Deletion of the small ω subunit of the RNA polymerase (RNAP) in the ΔrpoZ strain prevents normal high-CO2-induced up-regulation of numerous photosynthetic genes, and low expression of peptidoglycan synthesis genes induced lysis of dividing ΔrpoZ cells in high CO2. Spontaneously raised secondary mutations in the ssr1600 gene rescued the high-CO2-sensitive phenotype of the ΔrpoZ strain. Biochemical analyses showed that the ssr1600 gene encodes an anti-σ factor antagonist of group 2 σ factor SigC, and 3D structural modelling suggest that Slr1861 functions as an anti-SigC factor. In ΔrpoZ, excess formation of RNAP-SigC lead to high CO2 sensitive phenotype, whereas the drastically reduced Ssr1600 content in the suppressor mutants reduce the formation of the RNAP-SigC holoenzyme to the similar level as in the control strain, allowing almost normal transcriptome and growth of suppressor lines in high CO2. We propose that the SigC σ factor, the anti-SigC factor Slr1861 and the anti-SigC antagonist Ssr1600 forms a growth regulating signalling cascade in cyanobacteria.
Project description:The rpoZ gene encodes the small ω subunit of RNA polymerase (RNAP). A ∆rpoZ strain of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 grew well in standard conditions (constant illumination at 40 µmol photons m-2s-1; 32 °C; ambient CO2) but was heat sensitive and died at 40 °C. In the control strain , 71 genes were at least two-fold up-regulated and 91 genes down-regulated after a 24-h treatment at 40 °C, while in ∆rpoZ 394 genes responded to heat. Only 62 of these heat-responsive genes were similarly regulated in both strains, and 80 % of heat-responsive genes were unique for ΔrpoZ. The RNAP core and the primary σ factor SigA were down-regulated in control strain at 40 °C, but not in ΔrpoZ. In accordance with reduced RNAP content, the total RNA content of mild-heat-stress-treated cells was lower in control strain than in ΔrpoZ. Light-saturated photosynthetic activity decreased more in ΔrpoZ than in control strain upon mild heat stress. The amounts of Photosystem II and Rubisco decreased at 40 °C in both strains while PSI and the phycobilisome antenna protein allophycocyanin remained at the same level as in standard conditions. The phycobilisome rod proteins, phycocyanins, diminished during the heat treatment in ΔrpoZ but not in control strain, and the nblA1 and nblA2 genes (encode NblA proteins required for phycobilisome degradation) were up-regulated only in ΔrpoZ. Our results show that the ω subunit of RNAP is essential in heat stress because it is required for heat acclimation of diverse cellular processes.
Project description:The gene sml0013 of Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 encodes for a novel subunit of the NDH1 complex that is ubiquitous distributed among cyanobacteria.
Project description:Cyanobacteria play pivotal roles in global biogeochemical cycles through oxygenic photosynthesis. To maintain cellular homeostasis, these organisms employ sophisticated acclimation mechanisms to adapt to environmental fluctuations, particularly nitrogen availability. While nitrogen deprivation triggers dormancy, excess ammonium exerts toxic effects on cyanobacteria and other photosynthetic organisms - a phenomenon whose acclimation mechanisms remain poorly understood. TurboID based proximity labeling coupled with quantitative proteomics revealed a robust set of putative Sll0528 interacting proteins.