Mus musculus
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA243846 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Infection of RAW264.7 cells for 24 hours with 32 Toxoplasma Progeny from a Type II x Type III cross To measure changes in gene expression induced in macropahges upon Toxoplasma infection, we infected RAW 264.7 macrophages in cell culture with one of 32 Toxoplasma parasite progeny from a Type II x Type III cross. RNA was harvested 24 hours post infection.
2014-06-01 | GSE56534 | GEO
Project description:Infection of RAW264.7 cells for 24 hours with 32 Toxoplasma Progeny from a Type II x Type III cross To measure changes in gene expression induced in macropahges upon Toxoplasma infection, we infected RAW 264.7 macrophages in cell culture with one of 32 Toxoplasma parasite progeny from a Type II x Type III cross. RNA was harvested 24 hours post infection. Cells were infected with Toxoplasma parasites, in vitro
2014-06-01 | E-GEOD-56534 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE26558: Expression Quantitative Trait Locus (eQTL) Mapping of Stage-specific Gene Expression in Progeny from a type I X III Genetic Cross of Toxoplasma gondii GSE26607: Genomic hybridizations for the parents and progeny of the Toxoplasma gondii I X III genetic cross Refer to individual Series
2012-01-11 | E-GEOD-26608 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Toxoplasma strains are known to inhibit the expression of several interferon-gamma induced genes, and a type II strain was shown to dysregulate genome-wide responses to interferon-gamma in human fibroblasts (Kim et al., 2007, J Immunol.). In this study we aimed to determine the effect of infection with three clonal lineages of Toxoplasma, type I, II, and III strains on genome-wide interferon-gamma induced transcription in murine macrophages. We also assessed the effect of the two main Toxoplasma modulators of mouse macrophage transcription, ROP16 and GRA15 (Jensen et al., 2011, Cell Host Microbe). We used Affymetrix microarrays to analyze host cell transcription after Toxoplasma infection and interferon-gamma stimulation. RAW264.7 murine macrophages were left uninfected or infected with type I (RH), type I ?rop16 (RH ?rop16), type II (Pru), type II ?gra15 (Pru ?gra15), or type II (CEP) parasites at an MOI ~5 for 18 hours and subsequently stimulated with murine IFN-? for six hours. Plaque assays were done to assess parasite viability. Total RNA was isolated and hybridized to Affymetrix Mouse 430A 2.0 gene chips.
2013-02-19 | E-GEOD-34913 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We wanted to determine how type II versus type III Toxoplasma infection affect host gene expression We infected mouse macrophage (RAW264.7 and J774) and dendritic (DC2.4) cell lines with type II (Me49) and type III (CEP)
2011-05-29 | GSE29584 | GEO
Project description:Toxoplasma strains are known to inhibit the expression of several interferon-gamma induced genes, and a type II strain was shown to dysregulate genome-wide responses to interferon-gamma in human fibroblasts (Kim et al., 2007, J Immunol.). In this study we aimed to determine the effect of infection with three clonal lineages of Toxoplasma, type I, II, and III strains on genome-wide interferon-gamma induced transcription in murine macrophages. We also assessed the effect of the two main Toxoplasma modulators of mouse macrophage transcription, ROP16 and GRA15 (Jensen et al., 2011, Cell Host Microbe). We used Affymetrix microarrays to analyze host cell transcription after Toxoplasma infection and interferon-gamma stimulation.
2013-02-19 | GSE34913 | GEO
Project description:The closely related protozoan parasites Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum display similar life cycles, subcellular ultrastructure, invasion mechanisms, metabolic pathways, and genome organization, but differ in their host range and disease pathogenesis. Type II (γ) interferon has long been known to be the major mediator of innate and adaptive immunity to Toxoplasma infection, but genome-wide expression profiling of infected host cells indicates that Neospora is a potent activator of the type I (α/β) interferon pathways typically associated with antiviral responses. Infection of macrophages from mice with targeted deletions in various innate sensing genes demonstrates that host responses to Neospora are dependent on the toll-like receptor Tlr3 and the adapter protein Trif. Consistent with this observation, RNA from Neospora elicits type I interferon responses when targeted to the host endo-lysosomal system. While live Toxoplasma fails to induce type I interferon, heat-killed parasites do trigger this response, and co-infection studies reveal that T. gondii actively suppresses the production of type I interferon. These findings reveal that eukaryotic pathogens can be potent inducers of type I interferon and that some parasite species, like Toxoplasma gondii, have evolved mechanisms to suppress this response. Human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF; line BJ-5ta) were cultured to confluency in T25 flasks, infected with one representative of each of the three architypial strains of Toxoplasma gondii: GT1 (type I), Prugniaud (type II) and VEG (type III), or the closely related parasite species, Neospora caninum (strain Nc-Liv). RNA was collected from biological replicates for expression profiling by microarray. Uninfected HFF cells were used as a reference.
2013-03-29 | E-GEOD-45633 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The control of gene expression in Toxoplasma is not well understood. As we and others have shown, this organism does contain bipartite promoters that are sufficient to induce gene expression. This information can be used in downstream experiments to identify proteins that bind to experimentally confirmed cis elements. One of these methods, yeast one-hybrid is currently being employed to identify proteins which bind to the BAG1 and B-NTPase promoter elements. Another powerful method that can be used to identify genomic regions containing controllers of gene expression takes advantage of genetic linkage mapping provided by genetic crosses, called expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) mapping. In the eQTL approach, one uses gene expression as quantitative traits, or phenotypes, in QTL mapping. QTL mapping is a proven method in Toxoplasma that has recently identified apicomplexan-specific virulence factors in both the Type II X III and Type I X III crosses (Saeij et al., 2006, Taylor et al., 2006, Su et al., 2002). With the recent design of the Affymetrix Toxoplasma GeneChip one can gather gene expression profiles for all predicted genes in the Toxoplasma genome in a rapid and reproducible way. Combining the power of Affymetrix gene expression technology and QTL mapping can lead to the identification of genes with differential expression in the parents and progeny of a genetic cross and then to the identification of the genomic regions that contain mechanisms that have an effect on expression. The first description of combining global gene expression profiles with QTL mapping was published by Brem et al. using the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brem et al., 2002). Since that time, eQTL projects have been described for several other organisms including human, mouse, rat, maize, Arabidopsis, barley, eucalyptus, and wheat (Gibson & Weir, 2005). There are two mapping location types expected when using gene expression profiles as phenotypes. Mapping of gene expression profiles can lead to linkage of a locus (region) containing the gene being mapped, thus cis to the gene. Although the boundaries of the locus will contain many genes, it is presumed that for most cis QTLs sequence polymorphisms in the regulatory region(s) of the gene being mapped are the cause of the observed expression differences. The other mapping location type expected is one where the expression profile maps to a locus not containing the gene being mapped, or trans to the gene (Ronald et al., 2005). The most interesting trans loci are those that have multiple genes mapping to the same locus in trans, or to a trans hotspot. These hotspots likely contain factor(s) that regulate many genes, such as transcription factors or factors involved in upstream signal transduction pathways that can eventually lead to a number of transcriptional changes (Yvert et al., 2003). Here we describe the results of an eQTL project using the gene expression profiles for the parents and 34 informative progeny of the type I-GT1-Fudr X type III-CTGara cross for both the tachyzoite and bradyzoite stages. This is the first time global gene expression profiles have been used to determine linkage to regions presumed to be controllers of transcription using the Affymetrix Toxoplasma GeneChip. The dominant genomic associations found were those mapping cis and there were several regions, or hotspots, where multiple genes map in trans. In addition, we observed an unexpected finding suggesting there are several duplication events in the parasites of the Type I X III cross which may also have consequences on gene expression levels. The ToxoGeneChip microarray (http://ancillary.toxodb.org/docs/Array-Tutorial.html) was used to measure both tachyzoite and bradyzoite mRNA expression in the parents and progeny of the I X III cross. For each of the two developmental expression sets, genome-wide eQTL scans were run for each gene specific probeset on the microarray. The parents of the cross are CTGara and GT1-Fudr. The rest comprise the informative progeny.
2012-01-11 | E-GEOD-26558 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We wanted to determine how type II versus type III Toxoplasma infection affect host gene expression We infected mouse macrophage (RAW264.7 and J774) and dendritic (DC2.4) cell lines with type II (Me49) and type III (CEP) cells were grown in T75 until 80% confluency, then infected with parasites for 18 hours at MOI of 7. Then the RNA was harvested from the cells by Trizol.
2011-05-29 | E-GEOD-29584 | biostudies-arrayexpress