Project description:Short interfering RNAs (siRNA) are widely used as tool for gene inactivation in basic research and therapeutic applications. One of the major shortcomings of siRNA experiments are sequence-specific Off-target effects. Such effects are largely unpredictable because siRNAs can affect partially complementary sequences and function like microRNAs (miRNAs), which inhibit gene expression on mRNA stability or translational levels. Here we demonstrate that novel, enzymatically generated siRNA pools - referred to as siPools - containing up to 60 accurately defined siRNAs eliminate Off-target effects. This is achieved by the low concentration of each individual siRNA diluting sequence-specific Off-target effects below detection limits. In fact, whole transcriptome analyses reveal that single siRNA transfections can severely affect global gene expression. However, when complex siRNA pools are transfected, almost no transcriptome alterations are observed. Taken together, we present enzymatically-produced complex but accurately defined siRNA pools with potent On-target silencing but without detectable Off-target effects.
Project description:Short interfering RNAs (siRNA) are widely used as tool for gene inactivation in basic research and therapeutic applications. One of the major shortcomings of siRNA experiments are sequence-specific Off-target effects. Such effects are largely unpredictable because siRNAs can affect partially complementary sequences and function like microRNAs (miRNAs), which inhibit gene expression on mRNA stability or translational levels. Here we demonstrate that novel, enzymatically generated siRNA pools - referred to as siPools - containing up to 60 accurately defined siRNAs eliminate Off-target effects. This is achieved by the low concentration of each individual siRNA diluting sequence-specific Off-target effects below detection limits. In fact, whole transcriptome analyses reveal that single siRNA transfections can severely affect global gene expression. However, when complex siRNA pools are transfected, almost no transcriptome alterations are observed. Taken together, we present enzymatically-produced complex but accurately defined siRNA pools with potent On-target silencing but without detectable Off-target effects.
Project description:Short interfering RNAs (siRNA) are widely used as tool for gene inactivation in basic research and therapeutic applications. One of the major shortcomings of siRNA experiments are sequence-specific Off-target effects. Such effects are largely unpredictable because siRNAs can affect partially complementary sequences and function like microRNAs (miRNAs), which inhibit gene expression on mRNA stability or translational levels. Here we demonstrate that novel, enzymatically generated siRNA pools - referred to as siPools - containing up to 60 accurately defined siRNAs eliminate Off-target effects. This is achieved by the low concentration of each individual siRNA diluting sequence-specific Off-target effects below detection limits. In fact, whole transcriptome analyses reveal that single siRNA transfections can severely affect global gene expression. However, when complex siRNA pools are transfected, almost no transcriptome alterations are observed. Taken together, we present enzymatically-produced complex but accurately defined siRNA pools with potent On-target silencing but without detectable Off-target effects. To demonstrate the reduction of Off-target gene deregulation by use of complex siRNA pools (siPools), a single siRNA targeting human SCYL1 was transfected alone or in combination with 14 or 59 other siRNAs at a total siRNA concentration of 3 nM in human Hela cells. Mock transfected cells served as negative control. Every sample was tested in biological triplicates. Total RNA was extract 48h after transfection for affimetrix expression analysis.
Project description:Short interfering RNAs (siRNA) are widely used as tool for gene inactivation in basic research and therapeutic applications. One of the major shortcomings of siRNA experiments are sequence-specific Off-target effects. Such effects are largely unpredictable because siRNAs can affect partially complementary sequences and function like microRNAs (miRNAs), which inhibit gene expression on mRNA stability or translational levels. Here we demonstrate that novel, enzymatically generated siRNA pools - referred to as siPools - containing up to 60 accurately defined siRNAs eliminate Off-target effects. This is achieved by the low concentration of each individual siRNA diluting sequence-specific Off-target effects below detection limits. In fact, whole transcriptome analyses reveal that single siRNA transfections can severely affect global gene expression. However, when complex siRNA pools are transfected, almost no transcriptome alterations are observed. Taken together, we present enzymatically-produced complex but accurately defined siRNA pools with potent On-target silencing but without detectable Off-target effects. dsRNA fragments of more than 30bp length may trigger interferon response in mammalian cells, depending on the cell type as well as length and concentration of the dsRNA. To demonstrate that complex siRNA pools (siPools) do not contain trace amounts of such longer dsRNA species and therefore do not trigger interferon response, MCF7 cells which exhibit sensitive interferon response, were transfected with a siPool targeting human SCYL1, consisting of 60 siRNA at a total siRNA concentration of 3nM. As positive control, MCF7 cells were transfected with an RNAseIII generated mixture of dsRNAs (esiRNAs) at equal concentration (weight/volume). Mock transfected cells served as negative control. Every sample was tested in biological triplicates. Total RNA was extract 48h after transfection for affimetrix expression analysis.
Project description:1205Lu Metastatic Human melanoma cell lines with knockdown of Shp2 (PTPN11) were grown as xenograft tumors in NSG mice. RNA was extracted from the tumors and analyzed on [HuGene-2_0-st] Affymetrix Human Gene 2.0 ST Array [transcript (gene) version] Shp2 knockdown compared with non-target controls
Project description:1205Lu Metastatic Human melanoma cell lines with knockdown of Shp2 (PTPN11) were grown as xenograft tumors in NSG mice. RNA was extracted from the tumors and analyzed on [HuGene-2_0-st] Affymetrix Human Gene 2.0 ST Array [transcript (gene) version]
Project description:Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) disturbs mitosis and consequently leads to cell cycle arrest and cell death. Mild hyperthermia induces cancer cell death by apoptosis,leading to DNA damage and disturbing DNA repair. Thus, when mild hyperthermia is combined with TTFields, the anti-tumor effect could be augmented. This prompted the hypothesis for the present thesis: TTFields and mild hyperthermia as synergistic modalities in Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) treatment could probably enhance antitumor efficacy and abate individual toxic effects through distinct and overlapping mechanisms target the tumor cell. Our established PDAC cell line (Bx-GEM) was treated with TTFields and TTFields with mild hyperthermia and was examined by microarray. 500 ng mRNA was checked for quality control and the concentration was measured again. Subsequently, gene expression profiling was performed using human HuGene-2_0-st-type array from Affymetrix.
Project description:In this experiment we catalogue temporal variation in transcription occurring during IL1B stimulation under control (non-targeting siRNA control) conditions and partial MAP3K8 siRNA knockdown in the A549 cell line. We measure global gene transcription at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 hours using Affymetrix HuGene 1.1 ST array. Nineteen genes demonstrated a distinct temporal response to Il1B stimulation following suppression of MAP3K8.