Hyphomonas neptunium ATCC 15444
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA264144 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Hyphomonas neptunium proliferates by a unique budding mechanism in which daughter cells emerge from the end of a stalk‐like extension emanating from the mother cell body. Studies of this species have so far been hampered by the lack of a genetic system and of molecular tools allowing the regulated expression of target genes. Based on microarray analyses, this work identifies two H. neptunium promoters that are specifically activated by copper and zinc, respectively. Functional analyses show that they have low basal activity and a high dynamic range, thus meeting the requirements for use as a multi‐purpose expression system.
2014-11-24 | GSE62447 | GEO
Project description:Alphaproteobacteria stand out for their complex cell cycles, which are often regulated by the DivJ/PleC-DivK-DivL-CckA-ChpT-CtrA pathway. DivJ and PleC set up the polarity of the cell, thereby eventually leading to differential activation of the DNA-binding response regulator CtrA in the two nascent daughter cells. CtrA regulates replication and transcription of many genes, thereby ensuring that processes such as motility and cell division take place at the appropriate cell cycle stage. The cell cycle of the stalked budding alphaproteobacterium Hyphomonas neptunium culminates in an asymmetric cell division at the stalk-bud junction. Here, we investigate the role of the pathway from DivJ and PleC down to CtrA in this recently established model organism. Even though DivJ and PleC are localized to opposite poles, suggesting they are involved in polarity establishment inH. neptunium, DivJ, PleC and the other components of the upstream pathway (DivK and PleD) are not essential for cell cycle regulation. In contrast, the downstream part of the pathway starting from DivL is essential and involved in the regulation of important functions such as replication inhibition, cell division and motility, as shown by the identification of the (direct) regulon of CtrA. The overlap between the regulons of DivJ and PleC, DivK and CtrA is only partial, demonstrating that additional factors feeding into the pathway must be present in H. neptunium. Furthermore, unlike in other alphaproteobacteria, the regulation of CtrA throughout the cell cycle does not take place at the level of CtrA abundance in H. neptunium. All in all, the DivL-CckA-ChpT-CtrA pathway plays an essential role in the regulation of the complicated cell cycle ofH. neptunium, but several proteins feeding into CtrA remain undiscovered. The in-depth analysis of CtrA regulation in this stalked budding organism leads to hypotheses that might also hold in well-established model organisms such as Caulobacter crescentus.
2020-03-29 | GSE124953 | GEO
Project description:Dimorphic prosthecate aquatic bacterium
| PRJNA15721 | ENA
Project description:Within the bacterial phylum of the Alphaproteobacteria many species show complex life cycles. Proper regulation of these life cycles requires cell cycle regulation pathways, one of which is the so-called CtrA pathway. Key factors in the CtrA pathway are the histidine kinases PleC and DivJ (located at opposite poles in the cell) and the response regulator DivK. Within the Alphaproteobacteria, stalked budding bacteria are even more asymmetric than most other representatives. How they regulate their cell cycle has not been studied before. Here, we investigated the transcriptional profiles of Hyphomonas neptunium cells lacking either PleC, DivJ or DivK and compared their profiles to that of wildtype cells. We found that the changes upon deletion of DivJ, PleC and especially DivK were smaller than expected from related organisms.
2022-01-01 | GSE134343 | GEO
Project description:Within the bacterial phylum of the Alphaproteobacteria many species show complex life cycles. Proper regulation of these life cycles requires cell cycle regulation pathways, one of which is the so-called CtrA pathway. Key factors in the CtrA pathway are the histidine kinase CckA and the phosphotransferase ChpT, which are directly involved in cell cycle specific activation of the response regulator CtrA. Within the Alphaproteobacteria, stalked budding bacteria are even more asymmetric than most other representatives. How they regulate their cell cycle has not been studied before. Here, we investigated the transcriptional profiles of Hyphomonas neptunium cells depleted of CckA or ChpT and compared their profiles to that of wildtype cells. We identified that the essential proteins CckA and ChpT influence the transcription levels of multiple essential processes, such as cell division, as well as specific cell cycle regulated functions such as motility.
2022-01-01 | GSE134341 | GEO
Project description:Chromosome segregation typically occurs after replication has finished in eukaryotes but during replication in bacteria. Here, we show that the alphaproteobacterium Hyphomonas neptunium, which proliferates by bud formation at the tip of a stalk-like cellular extension, segregates its chromosomes in a unique two-step process. First, the two sister origin regions are targeted to opposite poles of the mother cell, driven by the ParABS partitioning system. Subsequently, once the bulk of chromosomal DNA has been replicated and the bud exceeds a certain threshold size, the cell initiates a second segregation step during which it transfers the stalk-proximal origin region through the stalk into the nascent bud compartment. Thus, while chromosome replication and segregation usually proceed concurrently in bacteria, the two processes are largely uncoupled in H. neptunium, reminiscent of eukaryotic mitosis. These results indicate that stalked budding bacteria have evolved specific mechanisms to adjust chromosome segregation to their unusual life cycle.
| S-EPMC6650430 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The alphaproteobacterium Hyphomonas neptunium proliferates by a unique budding mechanism in which daughter cells emerge from the end of a stalk-like extension emanating from the mother cell body. Studies of this species so far have been hampered by the lack of a genetic system and of molecular tools allowing the regulated expression of target genes. Based on microarray analyses, this work identifies two H. neptunium promoters that are activated specifically by copper and zinc. Functional analyses show that they have low basal activity and a high dynamic range, meeting the requirements for use as a multipurpose expression system. To facilitate their application, the two promoters were incorporated into a set of integrative plasmids, featuring a choice of two different selection markers and various fluorescent protein genes. These constructs enable the straightforward generation and heavy metal-inducible synthesis of fluorescent protein fusions in H. neptunium, thereby opening the door to an in-depth analysis of polar growth and development in this species.
| S-EPMC4277588 | biostudies-literature