Project description:Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 and histone H2A ubiquitination (ubH2A) contribute to embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency by repressing lineage-specific gene expression. However, whether active deubiquitination co-regulates ubH2A levels in ESCs and during differentiation is not known. Here, we report that the histone H2A deubiquitinase Usp16 regulates H2A deubiquitination and gene expression in ESCs, and importantly, is required for ESC differentiation. Usp16 knockout is embryonic lethal in mice, but does not affect ESC viability or identity. Usp16 binds to the promoter regions of a large number of genes in ESCs and Usp16 binding is inversely correlated with ubH2A levels and positively correlated with gene expression levels. Intriguingly, Usp16-/- ESCs fail to differentiate due to ubH2A-mediated repression of lineage-specific genes. Finally, Usp16, but not the enzymatically inactive mutant, rescues the differentiation defects of Usp16-/- ESCs. Therefore, this study identifies Usp16 and H2A deubiquitination as critical regulators of ESC gene expression and differentiation. Examination of binding pattern of H2A deubiquitinase Usp16 and ubH2A in mouse embryonic stem cells and embroid bodies
Project description:To determine the molecular signaling pathways responsible for USP16 regulation of cell growth, RNA sequencing was conducted on MEFs with or without Usp16 deletion
Project description:Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 and histone H2A ubiquitination (ubH2A) contribute to embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency by repressing lineage-specific gene expression. However, whether active deubiquitination co-regulates ubH2A levels in ESCs and during differentiation is not known. Here, we report that the histone H2A deubiquitinase Usp16 regulates H2A deubiquitination and gene expression in ESCs, and importantly, is required for ESC differentiation. Usp16 knockout is embryonic lethal in mice, but does not affect ESC viability or identity. Usp16 binds to the promoter regions of a large number of genes in ESCs and Usp16 binding is inversely correlated with ubH2A levels and positively correlated with gene expression levels. Intriguingly, Usp16-/- ESCs fail to differentiate due to ubH2A-mediated repression of lineage-specific genes. Finally, Usp16, but not the enzymatically inactive mutant, rescues the differentiation defects of Usp16-/- ESCs. Therefore, this study identifies Usp16 and H2A deubiquitination as critical regulators of ESC gene expression and differentiation.
Project description:To determine the molecular signaling pathways responsible for USP16 regulation of cell growth, RNA sequencing was conducted on NCI-H23 cells with or without USP16 knockdown
Project description:Total RNA was obtained from PC3 cells with or without USP16 knockdown to perform a High-throughput sequencing. In our study, USP16 is necessary for prostate cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, we perform the RNA-seq to explore potential mechanisms of USP16 regulating cell growth.
Project description:Depleting lncEPAT in GBM cells leads to altered cell-senescence related gene expression, and this phenotype can be reversed by USP16 further knock-down.
Project description:To discover novel factors involved in the final steps of 40S ribosomal subunit biogenesis in human cells, we isolated late cytoplasmic 40S subunit precursors by affinity purification (AP) of the assembly factor RIOK1. Subsequent analysis of their composition by mass spectrometry (MS) led to identification of the deubiquitinase USP16. AP-MS of USP16 confirms that it is a component of late cytoplasmic pre-40S particles and we further show that USP16 possesses a new, ribosome-associated function.
Project description:The ubiquitin-like modifier ISG15 can modulate host and viral proteins to restrict viral and microbial infections, and act as a cytokine. Its expression and conjugation are strongly up-regulated by type I interferons. Here we identify the deubiquitinating enzyme USP16 as an ISG15 cross-reactive protease. Ubiquitin-specific protease 16 (USP16) was found to react with an ISG15 activity-based probe in pull-down experiments using chronic myeloid leukaemia-derived human cells (HAP1). Supporting this finding, recombinant USP16 cleaved pro-ISG15 and ISG15 iso-peptide linked model substrates in vitro, as well as ISGylated substrates present in cell lysates. Moreover, the interferon-induced stimulation of ISGylation in human HAP1 cells was increased by knockdown or knockout of USP16. Depletion of USP16 did not affect interferon signaling, and interferon treatment did not affect USP16 expression or enzymatic activity either. A USP16-dependent ISG15 interactome was established by anti-ISG15 immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry (IP-MS), which indicated that the deISGylating function of USP16 may regulate metabolic pathways involving GOT1, ALDOA, SOD1 and MDH1, all of which were further confirmed to be deISGylated by USP16 in HEK293T cells. Together, our results indicate that USP16 may contribute to regulating the ISGylation status of a subset of proteins related to metabolism during type I interferon responses.