Project description:In this study, we found that kinase-dead IKKα knockin (KAL) mice. develop spontaneous lung squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) associated with IKKα downregulation and marked pulmonary inflammation.KKα downregulation dysregulates the expression of multiple oncogenes and tumor suppressors in K5+ lung epithelial cells. The mutant macrophages increase inflammatory responses and oxidative stress to promote DNA damage in IKKα-mutant K5+ lung epithelial cells, which further dysregulate the levels of multiple oncogenes, tumor suppressors, and stem cell genes, thereby promoting the IKKαlowK5+p63hi cell transition to tumor cells in L-IkkαKA/KA lungs. To further investigate the underlying mechanisms by which the lung SCC development, we generated two cell lines, named as S1 and S2 individually, which were derived from KAL lung SCC. The S1 cells express high level of Sca1 and exhibit tumorigenic phenotype, while the S2 cells express low level of Sca1 and exhibit less tumorigenic phenotype. The aim of this microarray assay is to identify differentially expressed genes between S1 and S2 cells, which may highlight the important genes or pathways involved in inflammation-associated lung SCC carcinogenesis.
Project description:We generated Ikkα-KA/KA knock-in mice (KA/KA), in which an ATP binding site of Ikkα Lys 44 was replaced by alanine. The knock-in mice develop severe skin lesions and begin to die after 6 to 10 months. We also found lung SCCs in some of the mice. To study lung SCC development, we stabilize the skin condition by crossing KA/KA with Lori.Ikkα transgenic mice to generate KA/KA-Lori.Ikkα mice, which 100% spontaneously developed lethal lung SCC at 4 to 6 months of age. Clodronate-liposomes obtained from Dr. N. van Rooijen (Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands) were intravenously injected into mice twice every week, started in 4 weeks old mice, and continued for 3 months. The dose of clodronate-liposomes was 100µl during the first month and elevated to 150 100µl after that. The depletion efficacy was confirmed by detecting pulmonary macrophages with Flow Cytometry. Depletion of macrophages in these KA/KA-Lori.Ikkα mice could significantly reduce inflammation and prevent lung SCC developmrnt. This aim of this microarray assay is to identify differentially expressed genes among Wild type, KA/KA-Lori.Ikkα, and macophage-depleted KA/KA-Lori.Ikkα mice, which may highlight the important genes or parthways involved in inflammation-associated lung SCC carcinogenesis. Three samples were analyzed: 1. WT (lung tissue from wild type mouse); 2. KA2 (mixture tissue of lung SCC and tumor neighbor from KA/KA-Lori-Ikkα mouse ); 3. KAT (lung tissue from KA/KA-Lori-Ikkα mouse with macrophage depletion treatment)
Project description:We generated Ikkα-KA/KA knock-in mice (KA/KA), in which an ATP binding site of Ikkα Lys 44 was replaced by alanine. The knock-in mice develop severe skin lesions and begin to die after 6 to 10 months. We also found lung SCCs in some of the mice. To study lung SCC development, we stabilize the skin condition by crossing KA/KA with Lori.Ikkα transgenic mice to generate KA/KA-Lori.Ikkα mice, which 100% spontaneously developed lethal lung SCC at 4 to 6 months of age. Clodronate-liposomes obtained from Dr. N. van Rooijen (Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands) were intravenously injected into mice twice every week, started in 4 weeks old mice, and continued for 3 months. The dose of clodronate-liposomes was 100µl during the first month and elevated to 150 100µl after that. The depletion efficacy was confirmed by detecting pulmonary macrophages with Flow Cytometry. Depletion of macrophages in these KA/KA-Lori.Ikkα mice could significantly reduce inflammation and prevent lung SCC developmrnt. This aim of this microarray assay is to identify differentially expressed genes among Wild type, KA/KA-Lori.Ikkα, and macophage-depleted KA/KA-Lori.Ikkα mice, which may highlight the important genes or parthways involved in inflammation-associated lung SCC carcinogenesis.
Project description:In this study, we found that kinase-dead IKKM-NM-1 knockin (KAL) mice. develop spontaneous lung squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) associated with IKKM-NM-1 downregulation and marked pulmonary inflammation.KKM-NM-1 downregulation dysregulates the expression of multiple oncogenes and tumor suppressors in K5+ lung epithelial cells. The mutant macrophages increase inflammatory responses and oxidative stress to promote DNA damage in IKKM-NM-1-mutant K5+ lung epithelial cells, which further dysregulate the levels of multiple oncogenes, tumor suppressors, and stem cell genes, thereby promoting the IKKM-NM-1lowK5+p63hi cell transition to tumor cells in L-IkkM-NM-1KA/KA lungs. To further investigate the underlying mechanisms by which the lung SCC development, we generated two cell lines, named as S1 and S2 individually, which were derived from KAL lung SCC. The S1 cells express high level of Sca1 and exhibit tumorigenic phenotype, while the S2 cells express low level of Sca1 and exhibit less tumorigenic phenotype. The aim of this microarray assay is to identify differentially expressed genes between S1 and S2 cells, which may highlight the important genes or pathways involved in inflammation-associated lung SCC carcinogenesis. There were two cell lines were used to perform Gene chip assay with Affymetrix. The two cell lines, named as S1 and S2 individually, were derived from KAL lung SCC. The S1 cells express high level of Sca1 and exhibit tumorigenic phenotype, while the S2 cells express low level of Sca1 and exhibit less tumorigenic phenotype.
Project description:Depending on the tumor type IκB kinase α (IKKα) can act as tumor promoter or tumor suppressor in various malignancies. Here we demonstrate a key function of IKKα in the suppression of a tumoricidal microenvironment during intestinal carcinogenesis. Mice deficient in IKKα kinase activity are largely protected from intestinal tumor development that is dependent on the enhanced recruitment of IFNγ expressing M1-like myeloid cells. In IKKα mutant mice M1-like polarization is not controlled in a cell autonomous manner but depends rather on the interplay of both IKKα mutant tumor epithelia and immune cells. Tamoxifen-inducible β-catc.a. mice comprise an excellent model to study Wnt-dependent tumor initiation. These mice are characterized by IEC-restricted stabilization of β-catenin causing rapid expansion of intestinal crypts and loss of differentiated IEC. To further explore the underlying IKKα controlled pro-proliferative mechanism, we performed a microarray analysis comparing RNA isolated from wildtype, IkkαAA/AA, β-catc.a. or β-catc.a./IkkαAA/AA IEC 15 days after the first tamoxifen administration. and within 4 weeks β-catc.a. mice succumb to this marked crypt hyperproliferation
Project description:Depending on the tumor type IκB kinase α (IKKα) can act as tumor promoter or tumor suppressor in various malignancies. Here we demonstrate a key function of IKKα in the suppression of a tumoricidal microenvironment during intestinal carcinogenesis. Mice deficient in IKKα kinase activity are largely protected from intestinal tumor development that is dependent on the enhanced recruitment of IFNγ expressing M1-like myeloid cells. In IKKα mutant mice M1-like polarization is not controlled in a cell autonomous manner but depends rather on the interplay of both IKKα mutant tumor epithelia and immune cells.
Project description:IKKα, one subunit of the IKK complex composed of IKKα, IKKβ, and IKKγ (NEMO), is essential for canonical and noncanonical NF-κB pathways involved in the development of lymphoid organs, leukocytes, immunity, and epithelial organs. Deletions of the CHUK locus that encodes IKKα significantly reduce survival for both KRAS-mutation lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) patients and mice, but the question of whether IKKα regulates immune responses remains unanswered. Here, we show that tumor-IKKα reduction elicits an immunosuppressive tumor-microenvironment associated with macrophage and Treg cell induction, which are maintained through elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytokines important for macrophage and Treg cell development in human and mouse lung ADCs. Enhanced macrophage-ROS and inflammatory cytokine signaling, mediated by tumor-cell IKKα reduction, enforces Treg cell differentiation via a ROS/TNFα/TNFR2/c-Rel pathway in CD4 T-cells. The blockage of each crucial step, including ROS, macrophages, Treg cells, and TNFα/c-Rel, impairs lung ADC development. To explore the molecular mechanism, we performed ChIP-Seq to check some important immunoregulatory genes including TNF, IL-23A CSF1, and CCL22 were regulated transcriptionally by IKKα. Therefore, IKKα serves as a specific surveillant that suppresses immunosuppressive responses and antagonizes lung carcinogenesis in humans and mice.
Project description:Purpose: To study the alteration of whole transcriptome of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells after the decreasing of malignant properties of tumor by treatment of tumor-bearing mice with RNase A. Methods: Whole transcriptome profile of Lewis lung carcinoma before and after RNase A treatment were generated by deep sequencing using SOLiD 5.5. The sequence reads were mapped by Bioscope 1.3 software, differential expression was evaluated by Cufflinks v.2.0.1 package. Results: Difference in expression was found for 966 genes. Conclusions: Our study represents the first detailed analysis of alteration of transcriptome of Lewis lung carcinoma after the decrease of malignant prtoperties of the tumor (proliferation and invasion) by RNase A.
Project description:Purpose: To study the alteration of whole transcriptome of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells after the decreasing of malignant properties of tumor by treatment of tumor-bearing mice with RNase A. Methods: Whole transcriptome profile of Lewis lung carcinoma before and after RNase A treatment were generated by deep sequencing using SOLiD 5.5. The sequence reads were mapped by Bioscope 1.3 software, differential expression was evaluated by Cufflinks v.2.0.1 package. Results: Difference in expression was found for 966 genes. Conclusions: Our study represents the first detailed analysis of alteration of transcriptome of Lewis lung carcinoma after the decrease of malignant prtoperties of the tumor (proliferation and invasion) by RNase A. Whole transcriptome profile of Lewis lung carcinoma before and after RNase A treatment were generated by deep sequencing using SOLiD 5.5.