Energy restriction in women at increased risk of breast cancer
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PROVIDER: PRJNA275984 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Gene expression profiling of continuous or intermittent energy restriction in women at increased risk of breast cancer
2016-07-13 | GSE66162 | GEO
Project description:Lymphocyte and breast tissue samples from overweight woman at increased risk of breast cancer before and after 1 month of intermittant energy restriction Introduction Observational studies indicate that weight loss and energy restriction reduce breast cancer risk. Intermittent energy restriction (IER) reduces weight as well as, or more than continuous energy restriction (CER), but its effect on the breast and systemic metabolism as indicators of breast cancer risk are not known. Methods We assessed the effect of IER ( 2 days of 65% energy restriction) for one menstrual cycle on the breast (breast gene expression and fat cell size) and systemic metabolism (insulin resistance, lipids, serum and urine metabolites) in 23 overweight premenopausal women at high risk of breast cancer. Unsupervised hierarchical analysis selected 100 genes with the highest variance between pre and post IER biopsies in 20 subjects, whilst mass spectrometry was used to assess corresponding changes in serum (LCMS) and urine metabolites (GCMS) in 23 subjects in the restricted and unrestricted days of the IER. Results Women lost on average 4.8% (± 2.0) of body weight and 8.0% (± 5.0) of body fat. Insulin resistance (HOMA) was reduced by 29.8% (±17.8) on the restricted days and by 11%(±34) on the unrestricted days of the IER. Over 250 serum and urine metabolites significantly increased or decreased during the two restricted days and most returned to normal after the subsequent five day period . In the breast tissue, approximately half (In 11) of the subjects displayed down regulation of several metabolic pathways including lipid synthesis, growth factors and hormones, whilst epithelial genes including milk proteins, secretoglobulins and mucins were up-regulated and several metabolic pathways down-regulated including lipid synthesis, growth factors and hormones. In the other nine subjects there was no appreciable effect of IER on the breast. CorrespondingThe gene changes were not seen in peripheral blood lymphocytes, and there was no reduction in breast fat cell size. The two groups defined by change in gene expression or lack of it did not differ in the degree of weight or fat loss, other systemic metabolic markers, or histological assessment of the biopsies. Conclusion We conclude that breasts vary in response to short-term IER, the mechanism of which requires further investigation. Trial registration ISRCTN77916487
2016-07-13 | GSE66161 | GEO
Project description:Dietary energy restriction (DER) reduces risk of spontaneous mammary cancer in rodents. In humans, DER in premenopausal years seems to reduce risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. Markers of DER are required to develop acceptable DER regimens for breast cancer prevention. We therefore examined markers of DER in the breast, adipose tissue, and serum. Nineteen overweight or obese women at moderately increased risk of breast cancer (lifetime risk, 1 in 6 to 1 in 3) ages between 35 and 45 were randomly allocated to DER [liquid diet, 3,656 kJ/d (864 kcal/d); n = 10] or asked to continue their normal eating patterns (n = 9) for one menstrual cycle. Biopsies of the breast and abdominal fat were taken before and after the intervention. RNA was extracted from whole tissues and breast epithelium (by laser capture microdissection) and hybridized to Affymetrix GeneChips. Longitudinal plasma and urine samples were collected before and after intervention, and metabolic profiles were generated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. DER was associated with significant reductions in weight [-7.0 (+/-2.3) kg] and in alterations of serum biomarkers of breast cancer risk (insulin, leptin, total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides). In both abdominal and breast tissues, as well as isolated breast epithelial cells, genes involved in glycolytic and lipid synthesis pathways (including stearoyl-CoA desaturase, fatty acid desaturase, and aldolase C) were significantly down-regulated. We conclude that reduced expressions of genes in the lipid metabolism and glycolytic pathways are detectable in breast tissue following DER, and these may represent targets for DER mimetics as effective chemoprophylactic agents Transcriptomic and Metabolomic intervention study of continuous energy restriction in 19 participants
2016-07-13 | GSE66159 | GEO
Project description:Intermittent energy restriction in overweight women at increased risk of breast cancer
| PRJNA275991 | ENA
Project description:Biomarkers of dietary energy restriction in women at increased risk of breast cancer
| PRJNA275989 | ENA
Project description:Obesity, a major risk factor for chronic diseases, is related to dsyfunctional adipose tissue signaling. First human trials suggest benefits of intermittent calorie restriction diet (ICR) in chronic disease prevention that may exceed those of continuous calorie restriction diet (CCR), even at equal net calorie intake. The effect of intermittent calorie restriction on adipose tissue signaling has not been investigated to date. Thus we initiated a randomized controlled trial to analyze the effect of ICR (eu-caloric diet on five days and two days per week with energy restriction of 75%), CCR (daily energy restriction of 20%) and a control group on subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) gene expression. 150 overweight or obese non-smoking adults (50 per group, 50% women) were randomly asiged to one of the study arms. SAT biopsies were taken before and after the 12 week intervention phase.
2019-03-01 | E-MTAB-5926 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cultivation methods used to investigate microbial calorie restriction often result in carbon and energy starvation. This study aims to dissect cellular responses to calorie restriction and starvation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by using retentostat cultivation. In retentostats, cells are continuously supplied with a small, constant carbon and energy supply, sufficient for maintenance of cellular viability and integrity but insufficient for growth. When glucose-limited retentostats cultivated under extreme calorie restriction were subjected to glucose starvation, calorie-restricted and glucose-starved cells were found to share characteristics such as increased heat-shock tolerance and expression of quiescence-related genes. However, they also displayed strikingly different features. While calorie-restricted yeast cultures remained metabolically active and viable for prolonged periods of time, glucose starvation resulted in rapid consumption of reserve carbohydrates, population heterogeneity due to appearance of senescent cells and, ultimately, loss of viability. Moreover, during starvation, calculated rates of ATP synthesis from storage carbohydrates were 2-3 orders of magnitude lower than steady-state ATP-turnover rates calculated under extreme calorie restriction in retentostats. Stringent reduction of ATP turnover during glucose starvation was accompanied by a strong down-regulation of genes involved in protein synthesis. These results demonstrate that extreme calorie restriction and carbon starvation represent different physiological states in S. cerevisiae. The yeast was first grown for 14 days under extreme calorie restriction in anaerobic, glucose-limited retentostats (Boender et al., 2009, Appl.Environ.Microbiol., 75: 5607-5614.). Subsequently, starvation was started by terminating the glucose feed. Yeast transcriptional reprogramming in response to calorie restriction and starvation was monitored by microarray analysis. Independent duplicate retentostat cultures, and subsequently starvation, were sampled for transcriptome analysis using Affymetrix microarrays. One time-point was sampled during calorie restriction (T0) and four time points were sampled during the starvation phase 10, 30, 60 and 120 minutes after switching of the feed, resulting in a dataset of 10 arrays.
2011-08-15 | E-GEOD-22602 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Breast cancer develops through the accumulation of genomic changes in the ductal epithelia cells of normal breast tissue. A determination of whether gene expression changes in ductal cells is associated with an increased risk for breast cancer is needed. We sought to determine if the global gene expression profiles of ductal cells of women at high risk for breast cancer or with cytologic ductal epithelial atypia differed from those of women at normal risk or without cytologic atypia. We used microarrays to detail the gene expression profile of breast ductal cells associated with normal risk or high risk for sporadic breast cancer and with or without cytologic epithelial atypia. We did not identify any separation of the sample groups (normal risk vs high-risk, or atypia vs nonatypia) according to expression of subgroups of genes.
2020-07-05 | GSE153796 | GEO
Project description:Cultivation methods used to investigate microbial calorie restriction often result in carbon and energy starvation. This study aims to dissect cellular responses to calorie restriction and starvation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by using retentostat cultivation. In retentostats, cells are continuously supplied with a small, constant carbon and energy supply, sufficient for maintenance of cellular viability and integrity but insufficient for growth. When glucose-limited retentostats cultivated under extreme calorie restriction were subjected to glucose starvation, calorie-restricted and glucose-starved cells were found to share characteristics such as increased heat-shock tolerance and expression of quiescence-related genes. However, they also displayed strikingly different features. While calorie-restricted yeast cultures remained metabolically active and viable for prolonged periods of time, glucose starvation resulted in rapid consumption of reserve carbohydrates, population heterogeneity due to appearance of senescent cells and, ultimately, loss of viability. Moreover, during starvation, calculated rates of ATP synthesis from storage carbohydrates were 2-3 orders of magnitude lower than steady-state ATP-turnover rates calculated under extreme calorie restriction in retentostats. Stringent reduction of ATP turnover during glucose starvation was accompanied by a strong down-regulation of genes involved in protein synthesis. These results demonstrate that extreme calorie restriction and carbon starvation represent different physiological states in S. cerevisiae.
2011-08-16 | GSE22602 | GEO
Project description:Circulating microRNAs (c-miRNAs) have emerged as measurable biomarkers (liquid biopsies) for cancer detection. The goal of our study was to identify novel biomarkers to predict long-term breast cancer risk in cancer-free women. We evaluated the ability of c-miRNAs to identify women most likely to develop breast cancer by profiling miRNA from serum obtained long before diagnosis. 24 breast cancer cases and controls (matched for risk and age) were identified from women enrolled in the High-Risk Breast Program at the UVM Cancer Center. We used Affymetrix miRNA v4 microarrays to interrogate miRNAs (miRBase v20) in the serum of cancer-free women at high-risk for breast cancer. The 24 cases developed breast cancer at least 6 months (average of 3.2 years) and the 24 controls remain cancer-free.
2018-01-22 | GSE98181 | GEO