Project description:Amphibians are organisms which mainly have a biphasic life cycle. When at the larval stage, their habitat is generally aquatic, and when adults, they become terrestrial. Pond-breeding amphibians are sensitive to some disturbances in their environment which lead to the decline of a population. The interactions between the species and their environment are performed through movement. Movement ecology combines and explains the movement data of organisms with biotic and abiotic factors and because of this, knowing the movement of these creatures is of great ecological importance. We used the spool-and-line methodology in individuals of the treefrog Phyllomedusa burmeisteri, at the Reserva Ecologica Michelin, located in the southern region of Bahia in Brazil to study their movement patterns in different environments inside and outside of the forest. We monitored 19 P. burmeisteri individuals that presented a mean total movement distance of 2160.76 cm (S.D. 1152.42). We found no significant difference in the trajectories of individuals in forested and open areas, as well as a positive relationship between the distances individuals moved and their weight only in forested areas. no relationship between distance and weight of these individuals. We observed that individuals followed non-linear paths and the number of steps from one place to another varied among individuals. Our movement ecology data allows us to answer questions about short-term movement patterns of Phyllomedusa burmeisteri. This is the first step to start understanding the spatial cognition of treefrogs from the Atlantic Forest and to fill gaps about life habits of these frogs. Information on the movement patterns of a species, as well as its home range can help to create conservation strategies, regarding the creation or delimitation of protected areas, for example.

| S-EPMC10550930 | biostudies-literature

A novel peptide Phylloseptin-PBu from Phyllomedusa burmeisteri possesses insulinotropic activity via potassium channel and GLP-1 receptor signalling.

Project description:Insulin, as one of the most important hormones regulating energy metabolism, plays an essential role in maintaining glucose and lipid homeostasis in vivo. Failure or insufficiency of insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells increases glucose and free fatty acid level in circulation and subsequently contributes to the emergence of hyperglycaemia and dyslipidaemia. Therefore, stimulating the insulin release benefits the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity significantly. Frog skin peptides have been extensively studied for their biological functions, among which, Phylloseptin peptides discovered in Phyllomedusinae frogs have been found to exert antimicrobial, antiproliferative and insulinotropic activities, while the mechanism associated with Phylloseptin-induced insulin secretion remains elusive. In this study, we reported a novel peptide named Phylloseptin-PBu, isolated and identified from Phyllomedusa burmeisteri, exhibited dose-dependent insulinotropic property in rat pancreatic beta BRIN-BD11 cells without altering cell membrane integrity. Further mechanism investigations revealed that Phylloseptin-PBu-induced insulin output is predominantly modulated by KATP -[K+ ] channel depolarization triggered extracellular calcium influx and GLP-1 receptor initiated PKA signalling activation. Overall, our study highlighted that this novel Phylloseptin-PBu peptide has clear potential to be developed as a potent antidiabetic agent with established function-traced mechanism and low risk of cytotoxicity.

| S-EPMC5908111 | biostudies-literature

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