Homo sapiens
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA293221 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Objective: Cigarette smoking ameliorates ulcerative colitis (UC) and aggravates Crohn’s disease (CD). Cigarette smoke suppresses inflammation-induced apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells (DLD-1), which may explain its protective effect in UC. Here, we performed transcriptome profiling of cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-exposed DLD-1 and Jurkat cells (T-lymphocytes) and related this to UC susceptibility genes with protective functions in the intestinal epithelium. Design: CSE-regulated genes in DLD-1 and Jurkat cells were identified by Illumina microarrays and compared to genes in UC susceptibility loci. Colon biopsies were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for cell-specific expression of HSPA6. CSE-induced gene expression was analyzed by Q-PCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescence microscopy. Protein (HSPA6/Bcl-XL) interactions were analyzed by immunoprecipitation. Results: CSE changed the expression of 536 and 2,560 genes in DLD-1 and Jurkat cells, respectively. The “response to unfolded protein” was one of the most significantly affected gene sets with prominent induction (20.3-fold) of heat shock protein A6 (HSPA6). Six CSE-induced genes in DLD-1 cells were located in UC-susceptibility loci, including HSPA6 (rs1801274). HSPA6 is highly expressed in the human colonic epithelium. CSE caused a dose-dependent strong (>100-fold at 30% CSE for 6 hours), but transient induction of HSPA6 mRNA and protein in DLD-1 cells. HSPA6 co-immune precipitated with anti-apoptotic Bcl-XL, protein levels of which were increased while mRNA levels were unchanged. Conclusion: HSPA6 is a cigarette smoke-induced UC-susceptibility gene. The HSPA6 risk locus is associated with decreased HSPA6 expression. HSPA6 provides epithelial protection by stabilizing anti-apoptotic Bcl-XL, thereby contributing to the beneficial effect of cigarette smoking in UC.
2016-01-31 | GSE72163 | GEO
Project description:Background and Aims: The impact of cigarette smoke on inflammatory bowel disease has been established by a large number of epidemiological, clinical, and preclinical studies. Exposure to cigarette smoke is associated with a higher risk of developing Crohn’s disease but is inversely correlated with the development, disease risks, progression, and relapse rate of ulcerative colitis. Few mechanistic studies have investigated the effect of cigarette smoke on intestinal inflammation and microbial composition. Methods: Three groups of mice were exposed to three different concentrations of cigarette smoke for a total of 4 weeks, including 5 days of dextran sulfate sodium treatment to induce colitis and a 7-day recovery period. A comprehensive and integrated comparative analysis of the global colon transcriptome and microbiome, as well as classical endpoints, was performed. Results: Cigarette smoke exposure significantly decreased the severity induced colitis. Colon transcriptome analysis revealed that cigarette smoke downregulated specific pathways in a concentration-dependent manner, affecting both the inflammatory state and composition of the gut microbiome. Metagenomics analysis demonstrated that cigarette smoke can modulate dextran sulfate sodium-induced dysbiosis of specific bacterial genera, contributing to resolve the inflammation or accelerate recovery. Conclusions: Cigarette smoke alters gut microbial composition and reduces inflammatory responses in a concentration-dependent manner. The present study lays the foundation for investigating potential molecular mechanisms responsible for the attenuation of colitis by cigarette smoke.
2020-03-03 | E-MTAB-7988 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Genome-wide genetic screens have identified cellular dependencies in many cancers. Using Novartis’ DRIVE and the Broad Institute’s Achilles shRNA screening datasets, we mined for targetable dependencies in kidney lineage cancer cells. Our studies identified a dependency, preferentially in kidney cancer cells versus cells of other lineages, on the BCL2L1 gene, which encodes the Bcl-xL anti-apoptotic protein. Genetic and pharmacological inactivation of Bcl-xL, but not its paralog BCL2, led to fitness defects in renal cancer cells, and also sensitized them to chemotherapeutics. Expression levels of Bcl-xL, VHL status, and p53 mutation status were insufficient to predict Bcl-xL dependence. Instead, analyzing the transcriptional hallmarks of response to Bcl-xL blockade identified an elevated mesenchymal cell state signature in Bcl-xL dependent lines. Functional studies to address if these cell state differences drive Bcl-xL dependence showed that maintaining mesenchymal characteristics was necessary to confer sensitivity to Bcl-xL loss; and, conversely, that promoting mesenchymal transition was sufficient to increase sensitivity to Bcl-xL inhibition in resistant cells. This mesenchymal signature was also observed in almost a third of human renal tumors, and is associated with worse clinical outcomes. Detachment from an organized epithelium incites protective apoptotic responses in normal cells (e.g. anoikis); however, our findings suggest that, in mesenchymal kidney cancer cells Bcl-xL activity counteracts this protective mechanism and enables tumor cell survival. Altogether, our studies uncover an unexpected link between cellular cell state and dependence on anti-apoptotic proteins, and justify the use of Bcl-xL blockade to target a clinically aggressive subset of human kidney cancers.
2022-06-15 | GSE173618 | GEO
Project description:Oncogene-driven lung cancers such as those with activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) often harbor additional co-occurring genetic alterations. The significance of most alterations co-occurring with mutant EGFR remains unclear. We report the impact of loss of the mRNA splicing factor RBM10 in human EGFR mutant lung cancer. RBM10 loss decreased EGFR inhibitor efficacy in patient-derived EGFR mutant tumor models. RBM10 regulated mRNA splicing of the mitochondrial apoptotic regulator Bcl-x. Genetic inactivation of RBM10 diminished EGFR inhibitor-mediated apoptosis by altering Bcl-x splicing, decreasing Bcl-xS (pro-apoptotic) and increasing Bcl-xL (anti-apoptotic) levels. Co-inhibition of Bcl-xL and mutant EGFR overcomes resistance induced by RBM10 loss. RBM10 loss was a biomarker of poor response to EGFR inhibitor treatment in clinical samples. Inactivation of the splicing factor RBM10 is a key co-occurring genetic alteration in EGFR mutant tumors that limits EGFR inhibitor efficacy and a potential biomarker of Bcl-xL inhibitor response.
2022-06-04 | GSE199240 | GEO
Project description:The heterogeneous therapy response observed in colorectal cancer is in part due to cancer stem cells (CSCs) that resist chemotherapeutic insults. The anti-apoptotic protein BCL-XL plays a critical role in protecting CSCs from cell death, where its inhibition with high doses of BH3-mimetics can induce apoptosis. To identify pathways that can regulate sensitivity to BCL-XL inhibition, we screened a compound library for synergy with low dose BCL-XL inhibitor A-1155463 and reveal that FGFR4 inhibition effectively sensitizes to A-1155463 both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we identify a rescue response that is activated upon BCL-XL inhibition and leads to rapid FGF2 secretion and subsequent FGFR4-mediated post-translational stabilization of MCL-1. FGFR4 inhibition prevents MCL-1 upregulation and thereby sensitizes CSCs to BCL-XL inhibition. Altogether, our findings suggest a cell transferable induction of a FGF2/FGFR4 rescue response in CRC that is induced upon BCL-XL inhibition and leads to MCL-1 upregulation.
2021-12-22 | GSE159504 | GEO
Project description:Bcl-xL is an anti-apoptotic protein that is frequently found to be overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer leading to an inhibition of apoptosis and poor prognosis. Recently, the role of miRNAs in regulating apoptosis and cell survival during tumorigenesis has become evident, with cancer cells showing perturbed expression of various miRNAs. We utilized miRNA microarrays to determine if miRNA dysregulation in bcl-xL silenced lung adenocarcinoma cells could be involved in regulating apoptotic behavior, and identified dysregulated miRNAs with putative targets involved in signal transduction pathways regulating apoptosis, cell proliferation and cell progression. Short interfering RNA-based transfection of A549 was carried out inducing a reduction in bcl-xL expression levels. 24 hours post-transfection total RNA was isolated using TRIzol reagent and hybridized onto Affymetrix GeneChip miRNA Arrays. A global miRNA expression profile was then established, which compared total RNA, extracted from siRNA-transfected and non-transfected A549 cells. All experiments were carried out with three independent biological replicates.
2013-05-18 | E-GEOD-47059 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Bcl-xL is an anti-apoptotic protein that is frequently found to be overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer leading to an inhibition of apoptosis and poor prognosis. Recently, the role of miRNAs in regulating apoptosis and cell survival during tumorigenesis has become evident, with cancer cells showing perturbed expression of various miRNAs. We utilized miRNA microarrays to determine if miRNA dysregulation in bcl-xL silenced lung adenocarcinoma cells could be involved in regulating apoptotic behavior, and identified dysregulated miRNAs with putative targets involved in signal transduction pathways regulating apoptosis, cell proliferation and cell progression.
2013-05-18 | GSE47059 | GEO
Project description:The anti-apoptotic function of Bcl-xL in the heart against reperfusion injury is diminished by K-Ras-Mst1-mediated phosphorylation of Ser14, which allows dissociation of Bcl-xL from Bax and promotes cardiomyocyte death. Here we show that Ser14 phosphorylation of Bcl-xL is also promoted by hemodynamic stress in the heart, through the H-Ras-ERK pathway. Our study suggests that phosphorylation of Bcl-xL at Ser14 in response to acute pressure overload plays an essential role in mediating compensatory hypertrophy by promoting calcium release, alleviating the negative constraint of Bcl-xL upon the IP3R-NFAT pathway.
2023-09-06 | PXD045118 | Pride
Project description:Nilotinib is a second-generation BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor for the first-line treatment of Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia. However, its nephrotoxicity has become prominent with the increase of clinical use, which greatly limits its long-term application. So far, the mechanism of nilotinib’s nephrotoxicity is still unknown leading to a lack of clinical intervention strategies. Here, we found that nilotinib could promote intrinsic apoptosis of both vascular endothelial cells and renal tubular epithelial cells, which was mediated by the excessive ubiquitin-proteasome degradation of anti-apoptotic protein BCL-XL. Moreover, we confirmed that Chloroquine (CQ) could intervene nilotinib-induced apoptosis by reversing the decreased BCL-XL whose mechanism was not relied on autophagy inhibition. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis was applied to identify the potential target of CQ and the result suggested that CQ could alleviate nilotinib-induced ANKRD1 reduction. Further, we found ANKRD1 abrogated cell apoptosis by preventing ubiquitination of BCL-XL and hence inhibiting BCL-XL degradation. In conclusion, our research reveals the molecular mechanism of nilotinib’s nephrotoxicity, wherein the excessive degradation of BCL-XL via ubiquitin-proteasome pathway promotes kidney cells apoptosis, and provides CQ analogs as the clinical intervention strategy of nilotinib’s nephrotoxicity whose pharmacological effect is dependent on ANKRD1 instead of autophagy inhibition.
2023-09-20 | GSE212122 | GEO
Project description:To study the effect of cigarette smoke exposure on Sars-Cov2 infection, we directly exposed mucociliary air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures derived from primary human nonsmoker airway basal stem cells (ABSCs) to short term cigarette smoke and infected them with live SARS-CoV-2. We set out to examine the underlying mechanisms governing the increased susceptibility of cigarette smoke exposed ALI cultures to SARS-CoV-2 infection by usingle cell profiling of the cultures, which showed that interferon response genes were induced in SARS-CoV-2 infected airway epithelial cells in ALI cultures but smoking exposure together with SARS-CoV-2 infection reduced the interferon response.
2020-11-17 | GSE161089 | GEO