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ABSTRACT: Perinuclear anchoring of H3K9-methylated chromatin stabilizes induced cell fate

PROVIDER: PRJNA299146 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR2659310.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR2659311.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR2659302.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR2659312.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR2659303.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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DamID: Loss of a heterochromatin anchor rescues altered genome organization and EDMD muscle defects triggered by a laminopathy mutation

Project description:Point mutations in nuclear structural protein laminA produce rare and generally tissue-specific diseases called laminopathies. The introduction of a human Emery Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy (EDMD)-inducing mutation (laminA-Y45C) into C. elegans lamin (LMN-Y59C), recapitulates many EDMD phenotypes, and results in hyper-sequestration of heterochromatic arrays at the nuclear periphery. Using muscle-specific Emerin Dam-ID we show that the LMN-Y59C mutation also leads to misorganization of endogenous chromatin. We find increased perinuclear anchoring primarily along chromosome arms, and enhanced release of chromosomal cores. Coincidentally, Y59C worms have reduced locomotion and compromised sarcomere integrity. By coupling this mutation with deletion of the perinuclear chromodomain protein CEC-4, which tethers H3K9-methylated chromatin, we rescue the EDMD-like physiology and ultrastructural defects in sarcomeres. It further counteracts the altered spatial organization of chromosomal sequences, particularly along chromosomal arms. The data in this submission refer to the identification of chromatin enriched at the nuclear periphery (as measured by interaction with Dam::EMR-1) in muscle cells of L3/L4 control animals or cec-4 mutants expressing either GFP::LMN-1 (wild type lamin) or GFP::LMN-1(Y59C).

2020-12-31 | GSE135850 | GEO

Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3β phosphorylates and protects nuclear myosin 1c from proteasome-mediated degradation to activate rDNA transcription in early G1 cells

Project description:Nuclear myosin 1c (NM1) mediates RNA polymerase I (pol I) transcription activation and cell cycle progression by facilitating PCAF-mediated H3K9 acetylation, but the molecular mechanism by which NM1 is regulated remains unclear. Here, we report that at early G1 the glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3β phosphorylates and stabilizes NM1, allowing for NM1 association with the chromatin. Genomic analysis by ChIP-Seq showed that this mechanism occurs on the rDNA as active GSK3β selectively occupies the gene. ChIP assays and transmission electron microscopy in GSK3β-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts indicated that at G1 rRNA synthesis is suppressed due to decreased H3K9 acetylation leading to a chromatin state incompatible with transcription. We found that GSK3β directly phosphorylates the endogenous NM1 on a single serine residue (Ser-1020) located within the NM1 C-terminus. In G1 this phosphorylation event stabilizes NM1 and prevents NM1 polyubiquitination by the E3 ligase UBR5 and proteasome-mediated degradation. We conclude that GSK3β-mediated phosphorylation of NM1 is required for pol I transcription activation. Examination of GSK3beta with the genome in mouse embryonic fibroblasts

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An unstructured MET-2/SETDB1 cofactor ensures H3K9me2, focus formation and perinuclear anchoring [ChIP-seq]

Project description:The segregation of the genome into accessible euchromatin and histone H3 lysine 9 methylated (H3K9me) heterochromatin is essential for the repression of repetitive elements and tissue-specific genes. In C. elegans, the SETDB1 homolog MET-2 catalyzes H3K9me1 and me2. In worms as in vertebrates, the regulation of this crucial enzyme remains enigmatic. Contrary to the localization of overexpressed MET-2, we find endogenous MET-2 to be nuclear throughout development, enriched in perinuclear foci in a cell cycle-dependent manner. We show by mass spectrometry that MET-2 associates with a highly unstructured protein, LIN-65, and a conserved GTPase effector ARLE-14. All three colocalize at heterochromatic foci. Ablation of lin-65, but not arle-14, mislocalizes and destabilizes MET-2, resulting in decreased H3K9me2, derepression of MET-2 targets, and loss of fertility. Importantly, mutation of met-2 or lin-65 is sufficient to disrupt the perinuclear clustering of heterochromatin genome-wide. Thus, LIN-65 is an essential cofactor of MET-2 required for H3K9me2 deposition, heterochromatin clustering, perinuclear anchoring, and transcriptional repression.

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RNA-seq: Loss of a heterochromatin anchor rescues altered genome organization and EDMD muscle defects triggered by a laminopathy mutation

Project description:Point mutations in nuclear structural protein lamin A produce rare, tissue-specific diseases called laminopathies. The introduction of a human Emery Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy (EDMD)-inducing mutation (lamin A-Y45C) into C. elegans lamin (LMN-Y59C), recapitulates many EDMD phenotypes, and correlates with hyper-sequestration of heterochromatic arrays at the nuclear periphery. Using muscle-specific emerin Dam-ID, we also document the misorganization of endogenous chromatin in the LMN-Y59C mutant. We score increased perinuclear positioning along chromosome arms, and enhanced release within chromosomal cores. Coincidentally, Y59C worms have reduced locomotion and compromised sarcomere integrity. By coupling the Y59C mutation with deletion of the perinuclear chromodomain protein CEC-4, which tethers H3K9-methylated chromatin, we rescue the EDMD-like physiology and ultrastructural defects in sarcomeres. Deletion of cec-4 also rescued the Y59C-induced changes in chromatin organization. The promoters of genes that change position in the LMN-Y59C mutant, are enriched for E2F (EFL-1/-2) binding sites, consistent with previous studies implicating the Rb-E2F interaction with lamin A in muscle dysfunction. Gene expression changes provoked by LMN-Y59C are also largely reversed by cec-4 deletion. In summary, the ablation of a perinuclear H3K9me-anchor can counteract the dominant muscle-specific defects provoked by a laminopathic mutation, implicating peripheral chromatin organization in the control of muscle integrity.

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Histone H3K9 methylation promotes formation of genome compartments in C. elegans via chromosome compaction and perinuclear anchoring

Project description:Histone H3K9 methylation promotes formation of genome compartments in C. elegans via chromosome compaction and perinuclear anchoring

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Investigation of the role of histone modification propagating activity of GLP

Project description:We use ChIP-Seq and RNA-Seq technology to profile the H3K9me2 modification and transcription under different conditions of GLP activity. GLP and G9a are major H3K9 dimethylases, and are essential for mouse early embryonic development. Here we report that GLP and G9a possess intrinsic histone methylation propagating activities. The histone methyltransferase activities of GLP and G9a are stimulated by neighboring nucleosomes pre-methylated at H3K9. These stimulation events function in cis and are dependent on H3K9 methylation binding activities of ankyrin repeats domains in GLP and G9a. In mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) harboring a mutant GLP lacking H3K9 methylation propagating activity, pluripotent genes display a delayed kinetics in establishing H3K9 methylation and gene silencing during differentiation. Disruption of the H3K9 methylation propagating activity of GLP in mice causes growth retardation of the embryos, ossification defects of calvaria and early postnatal lethality. We propose that GLP¡¯s ability to rapidly propagate H3K9 methylation is required for efficient gene silencing during programmed cell fate transition. H3K9me2 and H3K9me1 are ChIPped and sequenced in WT mESC and GLP-mutant mESCs, and RNA-Seq was done for those cells as well.

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An unstructured MET-2/SETDB1 cofactor ensures H3K9me2, focus formation and perinuclear anchoring [RNA-seq]

2019-02-06 | GSE122339 | GEO

Effect of overexpession of Stonewall (Stwl) on gene expression in germline stem cell (GSC)-like cells compared to the control

Project description:The association of genomic loci to the nuclear periphery is proposed to facilitate cell type-specific gene repression and influence cell fate decisions. However, the interplay between gene position and expression remains incompletely understood, in part because the proteins that position genomic loci at the nuclear periphery remain unidentified. Here, we used an Oligopaint-based HiDRO screen targeting ∼1000 genes to discover novel regulators of nuclear architecture in Drosophila cells.We identified the heterochromatin-associated protein Stonewall (Stwl) as a factor promoting perinuclear chromatin positioning. In female germline stem cells (GSCs), Stwl binds and positions chromatin loci, including GSC differentiation genes, at the nuclear periphery. Strikingly, Stwl-dependent perinuclear positioning is associated with transcriptional repression, highlighting a likely mechanism for Stwl’s known role in GSC maintenance and ovary homeostasis. Thus, our study identifies perinuclear anchors in Drosophila and demonstrates the importance of gene repression at the nuclear periphery for cell fate.

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Histone H3K9 methylation promotes formation of genome compartments in C. elegans via chromosome compaction and perinuclear anchoring (Hi-C)

Project description:Histone H3K9 methylation promotes formation of genome compartments in C. elegans via chromosome compaction and perinuclear anchoring (Hi-C)

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Histone H3K9 methylation promotes formation of genome compartments in C. elegans via chromosome compaction and perinuclear anchoring (ChIP-seq)

Project description:Histone H3K9 methylation promotes formation of genome compartments in C. elegans via chromosome compaction and perinuclear anchoring (ChIP-seq)

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