Project description:B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia - A model with immune response
Seema Nanda 1, , Lisette dePillis 2, and Ami Radunskaya 3,
1.
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Centre for Applicable Mathematics, Bangalore 560065, India
2.
Department of Mathematics, Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA 91711
3.
Department of Mathematics, Pomona College, Claremont, CA, 91711, United States
Abstract
B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is known to have substantial clinical heterogeneity. There is no cure, but treatments allow for disease management. However, the wide range of clinical courses experienced by B-CLL patients makes prognosis and hence treatment a significant challenge. In an attempt to study disease progression across different patients via a unified yet flexible approach, we present a mathematical model of B-CLL with immune response, that can capture both rapid and slow disease progression. This model includes four different cell populations in the peripheral blood of humans: B-CLL cells, NK cells, cytotoxic T cells and helper T cells. We analyze existing data in the medical literature, determine ranges of values for parameters of the model, and compare our model outcomes to clinical patient data. The goal of this work is to provide a tool that may shed light on factors affecting the course of disease progression in patients. This modeling tool can serve as a foundation upon which future treatments can be based.
Keywords: NK cell, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mathematical model, T cell., B-CLL.
Project description:THis is a simple ordinary differential equation model describing chemoimmunotherapy of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, including descriptions of the combinatorial effects of chemotherapy and adoptive cellular immunotherapy.
Project description:High Expression of Lymphocyte-Activation Gene 3 in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells is Associated with Unmutated IGHV and Reduced Treatment-Free Survival
Project description:In this study we investigated changes in gene expression induced by 2cPE (a non-selective isopeptidase inhibitor) in leukemia cells isolated from 10 different patients suffering of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. We compared 2cPE induced changes in mRNA levels with those induced by bortezomib, another well characterized proteasome inhibitor. Both inhibitors trigger apoptosis in leukemia cells.
Project description:We investigated at two time points a longitudinal cohort of 27 untreated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) patients with either stable or progressive disease. The sequenced genes included BCOR, EGR2, HIST1H1E, ITPKB, KRAS, MED12, NRAS, RIPK1, SAMHD1, ATM, BIRC3, BRAF, CHD2, DDX3X, DDX3Y, FBXW7, KIT, KLHL6, MAPK1, MYD88, NOTCH1, PIK3CA, POT1, SF3B1, TP53, XPO1 and ZMYM3, which were previously identified as mutated in CLL studies.
Project description:This phase II trial studies how well giving lenalidomide with or without rituximab works in treating patients with progressive or relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL), or non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Biological therapies, such as lenalidomide, may stimulate the immune system in different ways and stop cancer cells from growing. Monoclonal antibodies, such as rituximab, can block cancer growth in different ways. Some block the ability of cancer to grow and spread. Others find cancer cells and help kill them or carry cancer-killing substances to them. Giving lenalidomide together with or without rituximab may kill more cancer cells.
Project description:RNA splicing factor SF3B1 is recurrently mutated in various cancers, particularly in hematological malig-nancies. We previously reported that co-expression of Sf3b1 mutation and Atm deletion in B cells, but not either lesion alone, leads to the onset of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with CLL cells harboring chromosome amplification. However, the exact role of Sf3b1 mutation and Atm deletion in chromosomal instability (CIN) remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that SF3B1 mutation promotes centromeric R-loop (cen-R-loop) accumulation, leading to increased chromosome oscillation, impaired chromosome segrega-tion, altered spindle architecture and aneuploidy, which can be alleviated by removal of cen-R-loop and exaggerated by deletion of ATM. Aberrant splicing of key genes involved in R-loop processing underlies augmentation of cen-R-loop as overexpression of the normal isoform, but not the altered form, mitigates mitotic stress in SF3B1 mutant cells. Our study underscores the critical role of novel splice variants in link-ing RNA splicing dysregulation and CIN, and highlights cen-R-loop augmentation as a key mechanism for leukemogenesis.
