Arabidopsis thaliana
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA301717 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Effect of the cytokinin BA on wt and arr1,10,12 mutant seedlings The type B Arabidopsis Response Regulators (ARRs) of Arabidopsis thaliana are transcription factors that act as positive regulators in the two-component cytokinin signaling pathway. We employed a mutant-based approach to perform a detailed characterization of the roles of ARR1, ARR10, and ARR12 in plant growth and development. The most pronounced phenotype was found in the arr1-3 arr10-5 arr12-1 triple loss-of-function mutant, which showed almost complete insensitivity to high levels of exogenously applied cytokinins. The triple mutant exhibited reduced stature due to decreased cell division in the shoot, enhanced seed size, increased sensitivity to light, altered chlorophyll and anthocyanin concentrations, and an aborted primary root with protoxylem but no metaxylem. Microarray analysis revealed that expression of the majority of cytokinin-regulated genes requires the function of ARR1, ARR10, and ARR12. Characterization of double mutants revealed differing contributions of the type B ARRs to mutant phenotypes. Our results support a model in which cytokinin regulates a wide array of downstream responses through the action of a multistep phosphorelay that culminates in transcriptional regulation by ARR1, ARR10, and ARR12. This data was originally made available through ArrayExpress under the accession number E-MEXP-1573.
2014-02-12 | GSE54870 | GEO
Project description:Drought is a major abiotic stress that threatens global food security. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous RNAs. How these molecules influence plant stress responses remains elusive. Here, a large scale circRNA profiling identified 2174 and 1354 high-confidence circRNAs in maize and Arabidopsis, respectively, and most were differentially expressed in response to drought. A substantial number of drought-associated circRNA hosting genes were involved in conserved or species-specific pathways in drought responses. Comparative analysis revealed that circRNA biogenesis was more complex in maize than in Arabidopsis. In most cases, maize circRNAs were negatively correlated with sRNA accumulation. In 368 maize inbred lines, the circRNA-hosting genes were enriched for SNPs associated with circRNA expression and drought tolerance, implying either important roles of circRNAs in maize drought responses or their potential use as biomarkers for breeding drought-tolerant maize. Additionally, the expression levels of circRNAs derived from drought-responsible genes encoding calcium-dependent protein kinase and cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase were significantly associated with drought tolerance of maize seedlings. Specifically, Arabidopsis plants overexpressing circGORK (Guard cell outward-rectifying K+-channel) were hypersensitive to ABA, but insensitive to drought, suggesting a positive role of circGORK in drought tolerance. We report the transcriptomic profiling and transgenic studies of circRNAs in plant drought responses, and provide evidences highlighting the universal molecular mechanisms involved in plant drought tolerance.
2018-12-25 | GSE124340 | GEO
Project description:The transition of skotomorphogenesis to photomorphogenesis is induced by the perception of light and is characterized by the inhibition of hypocotyl elongation and opening of cotyledons. Although it is known that the plant hormone cytokinin, when applied in high concentrations, inhibits hypocotyl elongation in the dark-grown Arabidopsis plants, it is unclear to what extent this response is the result of cytokinin alone or cytokinin-induced ethylene production. We show that treatment of etiolated seedlings in presence of ethylene inhibitors (eg. AgNO3) or treatment of the ethylene-resistant mutant ein2, resulted in a significant inhibition of hypocotyl elongation. This indicates that cytokinin induced de-etiolation is largely independent of ethylene and suggests a close connection between the cytokinin two component system and the light singalling networks. We show that this cytokinin signal is mainly mediated through the cytokinin receptor ARIBIDOPSIS HISTIDIN KINASE 3 (AHK3) and the ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATORS 1 (ARR1) in combination with ARR12. Interestingly, mutation of COP1, DET1 and CIN4/COP10 renders plants insensitive to cytokinin and these factors are indispensable for the transcriptional response during cytokinin induced de-etiolation which indicates that a functional light signaling pathway is essential for this cytokinin response. In addition, the cytokinin effect on hypocotyl elongation is highly dependent on the ambient light conditions where higher light intensities causes a switch in the response to CK from an inhibitor to a promoter of hypocotyl elongation.
2018-10-01 | GSE108912 | GEO
Project description:Plant-parasitic cyst nematodes induce the formation of hypermetabolic feeding sites, termed syncytia, as their sole source of nutrients. The formation of the syncytium is orchestrated by the nematode in part by modulation of phytohormone responses, including cytokinin. In response to infection by the nematode H. schachtii, cytokinin signaling is transiently induced at the site of infection and in the developing syncytium. Arabidopsis lines with reduced cytokinin sensitivity show reduced susceptibility to nematode infection, indicating that cytokinin signaling is required for optimal nematode development. Furthermore, lines with increased cytokinin sensitivity also exhibit reduced nematode susceptibility. To ascertain why cytokinin hypersensitivity reduces nematode parasitism, we examined the transcriptomes in wild-type and a cytokinin-hypersensitive type-A arr Arabidopsis mutant in response to H. schachtii infection. Genes involved in the response to biotic stress and defense response were elevated in the type-A arr mutant in the absence of nematodes and were hyper-induced following H. schachtii infection, which suggests that the Arabidopsis type-A arr mutants impede nematode development because they are primed to respond to pathogen infection. These results suggest that cytokinin signaling is required for optimal H. schachtii parasitism of Arabidopsis, but that elevated cytokinin signaling triggers a heightened immune response to nematode infection.
2015-11-18 | GSE72548 | GEO
Project description:Reversible protein phosphorylation is a post-translational modification involved in virtually all plant processes, as it mediates protein activity and signal transduction. Here, we probe dynamic protein phosphorylation during de novo shoot organogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. We find that application of three kinase inhibitors in various time intervals has different effects on root explants. We furthermore show that short exposures to the putative His kinase inhibitor TCSA during the initial days on shoot induction medium (SIM) are detrimental for regeneration in seven natural accessions. Investigation of ahk and ahp mutants, as well as reporter lines for shoot markers and hormone responses suggests that TCSA at least partially works by impeding cytokinin signal transduction via AHK3, AHK4, AHP2, AHP3, and AHP5. A mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteome analysis further reveals profound deregulation of Ser/Thr/Tyr phosphoproteins related to protein modification, transcriptional regulation, vesicle trafficking, organ morphogenesis, and cation transport. Among TCSA-responsive factors are prior candidates with a role in shoot apical meristem patterning, such as AGO1, BAM1, PLL5, FIP37, TOP1ALPHA, and RBR1, but also proteins involved in polar auxin transport (e.g., PIN1) and brassinosteroid signalling (e.g., BIN2). Potentially novel regeneration determinants regulated by TCSA include RD2, AT1G52780, PVA11, and AVT1C, while NAIP2, OPS, ARR1, QKY, and aquaporins exhibit differential phospholevels on control SIM.
2022-09-28 | PXD030754 | Pride
Project description:Cytokinins are plant hormones with biological functions ranging from coordination of plant growth and development to the regulation of senescence. A series of 2-chloro-N6-(halogenobenzylamino)purine ribosides was prepared and tested for cytokinin activity in selected bioassays. Several compounds showed significant activity, especially in delaying senescence in detached wheat leaves. We used microarrays to gather information about the reprogramming of gene transcription when senescent Arabidopsis leaves were treated with selected C2-substituted aromatic cytokinin ribosides that showed high activity in the senescence bioassay.
2015-12-11 | GSE75875 | GEO
Project description:Cytokinins are plant hormones with biological functions ranging from coordination of plant growth and development to the regulation of senescence. A series of 2-chloro-N6-(halogenobenzylamino)purine ribosides was prepared and tested for cytokinin activity in selected bioassays. Several compounds showed significant activity, especially in delaying senescence in detached wheat leaves. We used microarrays to gather information about the reprogramming of gene transcription when senescent Arabidopsis leaves were treated with selected C2-substituted aromatic cytokinin ribosides that showed high activity in the senescence bioassay. Arabidopsis senescent leaves were treated with cytokinins and subsequently used for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays. 21-days old Arabidopsis leaves were treated with the appropriate cytokinin or left untreated (DMSO only).
2015-12-11 | E-GEOD-75875 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Plant secondary growth is driven by two concentric meristems, the inner vascular cambium and outer cork cambium. The periclinal cell divisions of both meristems, providing thickness and protection to plant organs, are activated with a delay after the primary development. Cytokinins and a set of downstream transcription factors are key players in promoting transition from primary to secondary development, however it is unknown whether other factors play a role in this transition. Here, using time-course transcriptome analysis of cytokinin-treated, cytokinin deficient isopentenyltransferase1,3,5,7 (ipt1,3,5,7) mutant we show that during cambium activation cytokinins positively regulate auxin and TRACHEARY ELEMENT DIFFERENTIATION INHIBITORY FACTOR (TDIF) peptide signaling in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) root. Correspondingly, mutants defective in TDIF peptide signaling displayed reduced cytokinin-induced secondary growth and auxin signaling was found to be required for proper cytokinin response. Additionally, auxin and cytokinin signaling transiently overlapped in activating procambial cells and acted additively in promoting secondary development. Network analysis revealed that transcription factors belonging to the DNA-BINDING WITH ONE FINGER (DOF) and ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (ERF) gene families are regulated by cytokinin during cambium activation and mutant analysis demonstrated delayed cambium activation and xylem formation phenotypes. Overall, we find that cytokinin, auxin and TDIF form a tightly intertwined network of positive regulators for activation of secondary growth in the Arabidopsis root indicating extensive redundancy in this process.
2026-03-13 | GSE293194 | GEO
Project description:Plant secondary growth is driven by two concentric meristems, the inner vascular cambium and outer cork cambium. The periclinal cell divisions of both meristems, providing thickness and protection to plant organs, are activated with a delay after the primary development. Cytokinins and a set of downstream transcription factors are key players in promoting transition from primary to secondary development, however it is unknown whether other factors play a role in this transition. Here, using time-course transcriptome analysis of cytokinin-treated, cytokinin deficient isopentenyltransferase1,3,5,7 (ipt1,3,5,7) mutant we show that during cambium activation cytokinins positively regulate auxin and TRACHEARY ELEMENT DIFFERENTIATION INHIBITORY FACTOR (TDIF) peptide signaling in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) root. Correspondingly, mutants defective in TDIF peptide signaling displayed reduced cytokinin-induced secondary growth and auxin signaling was found to be required for proper cytokinin response. Additionally, auxin and cytokinin signaling transiently overlapped in activating procambial cells and acted additively in promoting secondary development. Network analysis revealed that transcription factors belonging to the DNA-BINDING WITH ONE FINGER (DOF) and ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (ERF) gene families are regulated by cytokinin during cambium activation and mutant analysis demonstrated delayed cambium activation and xylem formation phenotypes. Overall, we find that cytokinin, auxin and TDIF form a tightly intertwined network of positive regulators for activation of secondary growth in the Arabidopsis root indicating extensive redundancy in this process.
2026-03-13 | GSE293192 | GEO
Project description:Plant secondary growth is driven by two concentric meristems, the inner vascular cambium and outer cork cambium. The periclinal cell divisions of both meristems, providing thickness and protection to plant organs, are activated with a delay after the primary development. Cytokinins and a set of downstream transcription factors are key players in promoting transition from primary to secondary development, however it is unknown whether other factors play a role in this transition. Here, using time-course transcriptome analysis of cytokinin-treated, cytokinin deficient isopentenyltransferase1,3,5,7 (ipt1,3,5,7) mutant we show that during cambium activation cytokinins positively regulate auxin and TRACHEARY ELEMENT DIFFERENTIATION INHIBITORY FACTOR (TDIF) peptide signaling in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) root. Correspondingly, mutants defective in TDIF peptide signaling displayed reduced cytokinin-induced secondary growth and auxin signaling was found to be required for proper cytokinin response. Additionally, auxin and cytokinin signaling transiently overlapped in activating procambial cells and acted additively in promoting secondary development. Network analysis revealed that transcription factors belonging to the DNA-BINDING WITH ONE FINGER (DOF) and ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (ERF) gene families are regulated by cytokinin during cambium activation and mutant analysis demonstrated delayed cambium activation and xylem formation phenotypes. Overall, we find that cytokinin, auxin and TDIF form a tightly intertwined network of positive regulators for activation of secondary growth in the Arabidopsis root indicating extensive redundancy in this process.
2026-03-13 | GSE293191 | GEO