Project description:Hatchability is one of the important reproductive traits of poulty, however, molecular biological study related to hatchability of poultry is very limited. The magnum is where the egg white components are produced. During embryo development, egg white secreted by the magnum is gradually transferred into the amniotic fluid, and albumen finally migrates to the embryo. Egg white proteins are composed of ovalbumin, conalbumin, lysozyme, ovomucoid, riboflavin binding protein (RfBP), and other less abundant proteins. Mutation of ovalbumin and RfBP genes increases the mortality of embryos; therefore, egg white might be closely related to poultry hatchability. Tsaiya duck (Anas platyrhynchos) is the major egg-laying duck in Taiwan. In this study, gene expression profiling by cDNA microarray chip technology was performed using mRNA prepared from the magnum epithelium of Tsaiya ducks, and a number of differentially expressed transcripts were found. Keywords = Tsaiya duck (Anas platyrhynchos), magnum, hachability, cDNA microarray, transcriptional profiling.
Project description:Hatchability is one of the important reproductive traits of poulty, however, molecular biological study related to hatchability of poultry is very limited. The magnum is where the egg white components are produced. During embryo development, egg white secreted by the magnum is gradually transferred into the amniotic fluid, and albumen finally migrates to the embryo. Egg white proteins are composed of ovalbumin, conalbumin, lysozyme, ovomucoid, riboflavin binding protein (RfBP), and other less abundant proteins. Mutation of ovalbumin and RfBP genes increases the mortality of embryos; therefore, egg white might be closely related to poultry hatchability. Tsaiya duck (Anas platyrhynchos) is the major egg-laying duck in Taiwan. In this study, gene expression profiling by cDNA microarray chip technology was performed using mRNA prepared from the magnum epithelium of Tsaiya ducks, and a number of differentially expressed transcripts were found. Keywords = Tsaiya duck (Anas platyrhynchos), magnum, hachability, cDNA microarray, transcriptional profiling. Analysis used low hachability RNA as control samples for comparison to the experimental samples taken from high hachability group. Total RNA was isolated by the RareRNA reagent (GenePure). The MicroMax direct labeling kit (PerkinElmer) was used to prepare the labeled cDNA and further process the hybridization on the arrays. Dye swap was design with four arrays. Arrays were scanned using a GenePix 4000B microarray scanner (Axon Instruments). GenePix Pro 4.1 software was then used to acquire the raw data. The data was analyzed by Avadis software (Strand Life Science).
Project description:Abdominal fat deposition is an important trait in meat-producing ducks. F2 generations of 304 Cherry Valley and Runzhou Crested White ducks were studied to identify genes and lncRNAs affecting abdominal fat deposition. RNA sequencing was used to study abdominal fat tissue of four ducks each with high or low abdominal fat rates. In all, 336 upregulated and 297 downregu-lated mRNAs, and 95 upregulated and 119 downregulated lncRNAs were identified. Target gene prediction of differentially expressed lncRNAs identified 602 genes that were further subjected to Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analysis. The target genes were enriched in pathways associ-ated with fat synthesis and metabolism and participated in biological processes, including Linoleic acid metabolism, lipid storage, and fat cell differentiation, indicating that these lncRNAs play an important role in abdominal fat deposition. This study lays foundations for exploring molecu-lar mechanisms underlying the regulation of abdominal fat deposition in ducks and provides a theoretical basis for breeding high-quality meat-producing ducks.
Project description:<p>Amidst the mismatch between domestic feed supply and demand in China, along with the competition for food between humans and animals, optimizing feed efficiency has become crucial for industry growth. Nevertheless, the biological processes driving variations in feed efficiency remain unexplored. This research integrated analyses of production performance, gut microbiota, and host gene expression in ducks with varying feed efficiencies to investigate the regulatory mechanisms focused on intestinal metabolism.In this study, compared to LFE ducks, HFE ducks showed improved growth performance, including higher ADG, FE, and muscle deposition, alongside a reduced F/G and lower AFP, with no difference in ADFI. Further investigation revealed that the jejunum of HFE ducks exhibits a higher VH/CD ratio, as well as a general enhancement of the activity of key digestive enzymes, such as trypsin and lipase. In the jejunal contents, although overall microbial diversity remained unchanged, HFE ducks exhibited a marked increase in jejunal Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group. Their abundances strongly correlated with host metabolites involved in amino acid and energy metabolism, suggesting a pivotal role in mediating feed efficiency. In the jejunal mucosa, transcriptomic analysis combined with RT-qPCR verification revealed coordinated upregulation of genes (e.g., PHGDH, PSAT1, SHMT2, PKM) driving the serine synthesis pathway, one-carbon metabolism, and glycolysis, indicating metabolic reprogramming. This metabolic state was accompanied by an enrichment of metabolites supporting protein synthesis and lipid catabolism. These host changes were strongly correlated with the enriched Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group.The enhanced feed efficiency in HFE ducks was linked to enrichment of the gut-associated Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group lineage in the jejunum, co-occurring with host metabolic reprogramming toward serine synthesis, glycolysis, and anabolic metabolism. These coordinated microbial and host alterations collectively underpinned the growth phenotype, providing novel insights into feed efficiency mediated by host-microbial metabolic interactions.</p>
Project description:<p>Amidst the mismatch between domestic feed supply and demand in China, along with the competition for food between humans and animals, optimizing feed efficiency has become crucial for industry growth. Nevertheless, the biological processes driving variations in feed efficiency remain unexplored. This research integrated analyses of production performance, gut microbiota, and host gene expression in ducks with varying feed efficiencies to investigate the regulatory mechanisms focused on intestinal metabolism. In this study, compared to LFE ducks, HFE ducks showed improved growth performance, including higher ADG, FE, and muscle deposition, alongside a reduced F/G and lower AFP, with no difference in ADFI. Further investigation revealed that the jejunum of HFE ducks exhibits a higher VH/CD ratio, as well as a general enhancement of the activity of key digestive enzymes, such as trypsin and lipase. In the jejunal contents, although overall microbial diversity remained unchanged, HFE ducks exhibited a marked increase in jejunal Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group. Their abundances strongly correlated with host metabolites involved in amino acid and energy metabolism, suggesting a pivotal role in mediating feed efficiency. In the jejunal mucosa, transcriptomic analysis combined with RT-qPCR verification revealed coordinated upregulation of genes (e.g., PHGDH, PSAT1, SHMT2, PKM) driving the serine synthesis pathway, one-carbon metabolism, and glycolysis, indicating metabolic reprogramming. This metabolic state was accompanied by an enrichment of metabolites supporting protein synthesis and lipid catabolism. These host changes were strongly correlated with the enriched Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group. The enhanced feed efficiency in HFE ducks was linked to enrichment of the gut-associated Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group lineage in the jejunum, co-occurring with host metabolic reprogramming toward serine synthesis, glycolysis, and anabolic metabolism. These coordinated microbial and host alterations collectively underpinned the growth phenotype, providing novel insights into feed efficiency mediated by host-microbial metabolic interactions.</p>
Project description:<p>Amidst the mismatch between domestic feed supply and demand in China, along with the competition for food between humans and animals, optimizing feed efficiency has become crucial for industry growth. Nevertheless, the biological processes driving variations in feed efficiency remain unexplored. This research integrated analyses of production performance, gut microbiota, and host gene expression in ducks with varying feed efficiencies to investigate the regulatory mechanisms focused on intestinal metabolism.In this study, compared to LFE ducks, HFE ducks showed improved growth performance, including higher ADG, FE, and muscle deposition, alongside a reduced F/G and lower AFP, with no difference in ADFI. Further investigation revealed that the jejunum of HFE ducks exhibits a higher VH/CD ratio, as well as a general enhancement of the activity of key digestive enzymes, such as trypsin and lipase. In the jejunal contents, although overall microbial diversity remained unchanged, HFE ducks exhibited a marked increase in jejunal Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group. Their abundances strongly correlated with host metabolites involved in amino acid and energy metabolism, suggesting a pivotal role in mediating feed efficiency. In the jejunal mucosa, transcriptomic analysis combined with RT-qPCR verification revealed coordinated upregulation of genes (e.g., PHGDH, PSAT1, SHMT2, PKM) driving the serine synthesis pathway, one-carbon metabolism, and glycolysis, indicating metabolic reprogramming. This metabolic state was accompanied by an enrichment of metabolites supporting protein synthesis and lipid catabolism. These host changes were strongly correlated with the enriched Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group.The enhanced feed efficiency in HFE ducks was linked to enrichment of the gut-associated Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group lineage in the jejunum, co-occurring with host metabolic reprogramming toward serine synthesis, glycolysis, and anabolic metabolism. These coordinated microbial and host alterations collectively underpinned the growth phenotype, providing novel insights into feed efficiency mediated by host-microbial metabolic interactions.</p>