Rattus norvegicus
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA314232 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Studies of radiation exposed populations have shown that children are at greater overall risk of radiation-induced cancer, although there is considerable debate relating to heterogeneity of the effect in different tissues. Given public concern around increasing radiation doses received by children from advanced diagnostic imaging, and the use of radiotherapy to treat childhood cancers, understanding the relationship between age-at-exposure and radiation-induced cancer risk is a priority of radiation protection research. Although tobacco smoking accounts for up to 90% of lung cancers in some countries, epidemiological studies and animal experiments show that exposure to ionizing radiation is also a risk factor for developing cancers of the lung. Female Wistar rats are susceptible to lung cancer upon thoracic X-ray irradiation, developing adenocarcinomas (AC) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) similar to those seen in humans, and have been used previously to evaluate the interaction of radiation and a chemical carcinogen in neonatal, juvenile and young adult rats. In the present study, the induction of lung tumors was analyzed in female Wistar rats exposed to increasing doses of thoracic X-rays as neonates, juveniles or adults, to allow the effect of age-at-exposure to be observed in the absence of interaction with smoking. Histology was used to compare tumor subtypes between groups, and genomic DNA copy number alterations in a number of tumors arising after exposure to radiation at different ages were examined.
2017-03-03 | GSE78869 | GEO
Project description:We used a rat model of whole body (except one hind limb that was shielded) x-ray irradiation to profile the microRNA (miRNA) in kidneys at 35 days after radiation. Small RNA from normal and irradiated (with or without lisinopril) Wistar rat kidneys were analyzed by next-generation sequencing and the changes by radiation and lisinopril were identified by deRNA-seq. MiR-34a-5p was increased after irradiation.
2021-05-20 | GSE114684 | GEO
Project description:Childhood radiation is a risk factor for thyroid cancer, which became well-known after the Chornobyl nuclear plant accident, where childhood thyroid cancer cases significantly increased afterward. The mechanisms of thyroid cancer susceptibility to radiation exposure at young ages, however, have not yet been understood. Our previous investigations demonstrated that neonatal exposure to X-rays induced long-term mRNA expression changes in the thyroid cancer-related marker genes in rats. Then, we searched for the genes whose expressions were altered by neonatal radiation exposure in male Wistar rats exposed to X-rays.
2024-12-16 | GSE284022 | GEO
Project description:We used a rat model of whole thorax x-ray irradiation to profile the microRNA (miRNA) in lung and blood up to 4 weeks after radiation. Small RNA from normal and irradiated Wistar rat lungs and blood were analyzed by next-generation sequencing and the changes by radiation were identified by deRNA-seq at 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after irradiation. The average total reads/library was 2,703,137 with a mean of 88% mapping to the rat genome. Detailed profiles of 100 of the most abundant miRNA in rat blood and lung are described.
2017-04-25 | GSE86567 | GEO
Project description:Normal lung tissue tolerance constitutes a limiting factor in delivering the required dose of radiotherapy to cure thoracic and chest wall malignancies. Patient genetic predisposition, the volume of irradiated lung and combination regimens consisting of concurrent chemotherapy are correlated with increased risk of radiation induced toxicity in lung. The main purpose of this study is to investigate dose-response regulations of mouse lung irradiation based on a comprehensive dose-escalation program, for a better understanding of molecular mechanism governing radiation induced lung fibrosis by high-LET carbon-ions versus conventional low-LET X-ray.
2023-11-08 | E-MTAB-6409 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cranial and craniospinal irradiation are the oldest central nervous system prophylaxis treatments considered for pediatric patients with lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, survivors of childhood ALL that received cranial radiotherapy are at increased risk for deficits in neurocognitive skills. The continuous and dynamic response of normal tissue after irradiation has been identified as one of the causative factors for cognitive changes after cranial radiation therapy. The aim of our study was to investigate the radiation effects on social behavior and neuronal morphology in the hippocampus of adult mice. Twenty-one-day-old male C57BL/6 mice were irradiated with the small-animal radiation research platform (SARRP). Animals were given a single 10-Gy dose of radiation of X-ray cranial radiation. One month following irradiation, animals underwent behavioral testing in the Three-Chamber Sociability paradigm. Radiation affected social discrimination during the third stage eliciting an inability to discriminate between the familiar and stranger mouse, while sham successfully spent more time exploring the novel stranger. Proteomic analysis revealed dysregulation of metabolic and signaling pathways associated with neurocognitive dysfunction such as mitochondrial dysfunction, Rac 1 signaling, and synaptogenesis signaling. We observed significant decreases in mushroom spine density in the Cornu Ammonis 2 of the hippocampus, which is associated sociability processing.
2022-02-15 | PXD017596 | Pride
Project description:Thoracic radiation therapy is limited by the development of acute (i.e. pneumonitis) and late (i.e. pulmonary fibrosis) side-effects. The goal of this study is to analyze, at the single cell level, the molecular impact of two radiation treatments : a conventional/clinical (CONV) modality vs. FLASH, a new radiation method that spares healthy tissue from late radiation-induced toxicities (Science Translational Medicine 6: 245ra293, 2014). We analyzed by single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) dissociated lung cells from a non-irradiated control mouse (NI), a mouse 4 days after CONV thoracic irradiation (CONV) and a mouse 4 days after FLASH irradiation (FLASH). We identify transcriptional alterations induced in the distinct lung cell types after irradiation and show that FLASH irradiated lung cells present a reduced pro-inflammatory phenotype as well as a diminished activation of epithelial lung progenitor cells. In line with previous report (Radiother Oncol 124: 365-9, 2017), this study indicates that FLASH radiation therapy limits inflammation and preserves the regenerative capcity of the lung.
2019-12-07 | GSE133992 | GEO
Project description:Low-LET radiation can cause cardiovascular dysfunctions at high-dose rates. For example, photons used in thoracic radiotherapy are known to cause acute cardiac tissue damage with elevated serum cardiac Troponin I level and long-term cardiac complications when delivered as fractionated exposures at high-dose rates. However, the effects of continuous low-dose rate radiation exposure on the heart, which simulate the space radiation environment, have not been well-studied. In this study, we aim to model low-LET space radiation-induced cardiovascular dysfunction using human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived engineered heart tissues (EHTs) exposed to protracted γ-ray irradiation. The investigation of pathophysiological changes in this model may provide insights and guide the development of countermeasures. As a proof-of-principle for the application of this model in drug development, we also tested the protective effect of a mitochondrial-specific antioxidant, MitoTempo, on irradiated EHTs.
2023-09-05 | GSE242108 | GEO
Project description:Accidents with ionizing radiation (IR) often involve acute high dose exposures that can lead to acute radiation syndrome and late effects. IR can induce genomic lesions, cell death or carcinogenesis. Here, we investigated acute IR-induced cellular genomic signatures at the genome wide level. After exposing the adenocarcinoma cell line A549 to an acute 6 Gy 240 kV X-Ray dose, four surviving clonogenic cells were recovered by minimal dilution and further expanded and analyzed by cytogenetics, chromosome painting and tiling-path array CGH, with the non-irradiated clone0 serving as control. It was found that acute X-ray exposure induced changes in modal chromosome number and specific translocations in the four irradiation surviving clones. Furthermore, clone4 displayed an increased radiosensitivity at D > 5 Gy. Array CGH disclosed unique and recurrent genomic changes, predominantly gains, and disclosed fragile sites FRA3B and FRA16D as preferential regions of genomic alterations in all irradiated clones, which likely relates to irradiation-induced genomic stress. Gene expression analysis revealed a specific profile of 364 genes in clone4, of which p53 pathway genes may contribute to its increased radiosensitivity. IR-induced genomic changes AND fragile site expression highlight the capacity of a single acute radiation exposure to resculpture the genome of tumor cells by inflicting genomic stress. Gene expression in A549 cell line was analysed after exposure to 6Gy X-rays at a dose rate of 1Gy/min.
2011-02-04 | E-GEOD-24876 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Total lung RNA from 3 mouse strains after 18Gy thoracic irradiation. Thoracic cavity radiotherapy is limited by the development of alveolitis and fibrosis in susceptible patients. To define the response to 18 Gy pulmonary irradiation in mice, at the expression level, and to identify pathways which may influence the alveolitis and fibrosis phenotypes expression profiling was completed. Male mice of three strains, A/J (late alveolitis response), C3H/HeJ (C3H, early alveolitis response) and C57BL/6J (B6, fibrosis response) were exposed to thoracic radiation, euthanised when moribund and lung tissue gene expression was assessed with microarrays. treated vs. control in 3 strains
2009-09-11 | E-GEOD-2250 | biostudies-arrayexpress