Project description:In chick basilar papilla, hair cells can be regenerated after gentamicin treatment. To identify genes and pathways involved in this process, we performed microarray analysis on the basilar papilla 0, 48 and 72 hours after gentamicin.
Project description:A comprehensive transcriptome profile of chicken basilar papilla hair cell across a 7 days regenerative time course. Compare gene expression changes in chicken basilar papilla treated with streptomycin to the control. A total of 60 samples were collected from 8 different time points. Each time point contains 2 biological samples.
Project description:In contrast to mammals, the avian cochlea, specifically the basilar papilla, can regenerate sensory hair cells, which involves fate conversion of supporting cells to hair cells. To determine the mechanisms for converting supporting cells to hair cells, we used single-cell RNA sequencing during hair cell regeneration in explant cultures of chick basilar papillae. We identified dynamic changes in the gene expression of supporting cells, and the pseudotime trajectory analysis demonstrated the stepwise fate conversion from supporting cells to hair cells. Initially, supporting cell identity was erased and transition to the precursor state occurred. A subsequent gain in hair cell identity progressed together with downregulation of precursor-state genes. Transforming growth factor beta receptor 1-mediated signaling was involved in induction of the initial step, and its inhibition resulted in suppression of hair cell regeneration. Our data provide new insights for understanding fate conversion from supporting cells to hair cells in avian basilar papillae.
Project description:Sensorineural hearing loss is included in the most common disabilities, and often caused by loss of sensory hair cells in the cochlea. Hair cell regeneration has long been a main target for developing novel therapeutics for sensorineural hearing loss. In the mammalian cochlea, hair cell regeneration occurs in very limited situations, while auditory epithelia of non-mammalians retain the capacity for hair cell regeneration. In the avian basilar papilla, an auditory sensory epithelium, supporting cells, which are sources for regenerated hair cells, are usually quiescent, while hair cell loss induces both direct transdifferentiation of supporting cells and mitotic division of supporting cells. In the present study, we aimed to establish an explant culture model for hair cell regeneration in chick basilar papillae, and validated usefulness of our model to investigate the initial phase of hair cell regeneration. Histological assessments demonstrated that hair cell regeneration via direct transdifferentiation of supporting cells occurred in our model. Labeling assay using 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) revealed the occurrence of mitotic division of supporting cells in the specific location in basilar papillae, while no EdU labeling was identified in newly generated HCs. RNA sequencing indicated alterations in known signaling pathways associated with hair cell regeneration, which is consistent with previous findings. In addition, unbiased analyses of RNA sequencing data indicated novel genes and signaling pathways that could be related to the ignition of supporting cell activation in chick basilar papillae. These results indicate the advantages of our model using explant cultures of chick basilar papillae for exploring molecular mechanisms for hair cell regeneration. Further studies such as single-cell RNA sequencing will allow us to capture the spatiotemporal information by using our explant culture model.
Project description:Although mammalian hair cells are essentially unable to regenerate after damage, nonmammalian hair cells have a robust capacity for hair cell regeneration. To obtain insights into the mechanism of this difference, we analyzed the transcriptomic changes in the mouse cochleae after gentamicin damage and compared them with those in the chick cochleae collected at the corresponding damage time. The results indicated that 2,243 genes had significantly differential expression between the gentamicin- and saline-treated cochleae.
Project description:The mammalian cochlea loses the ability for hair cell (HC) regeneration after birth, while in the avian auditory epithelium, namely the basilar papilla (BP), supporting cells (SCs) retain the capability for HC regeneration throughout life. Our previous study using single-cell RNA sequencing indicated stepwise fate conversion of SCs to HCs via the precursor state, in which EDNRB2 exhibited specifically high expression, in the process of HC regeneration in chick BP. The present study aimed to reveal a distinct role of EDNRB2 in HC regeneration in chick BP. During HC regeneration in chick BP explant cultures, EDNRB2 expression emerged in a part of ATOH1-expressing SCs immediately after HC loss and decreased according to the progress of HC regeneration process. In embryonic chick BP, EDNRB2 expression was specifically identified in the precursor cell state, which confirmed that mature SCs were reprogrammed to the precursor state in response to HC loss. Pharmacological inhibition of endothelin receptor type B (EDNRB) signaling decreased regenerated HCs in chick BP explant cultures. RNA sequencing revealed that inhibition of EDNRB signaling downregulated genes for HC differentiation and maturation together with genes for cell migration. Histological assessments clarified the deterioration of migration of HC precursors and the delay of HC regeneration processes by inhibition of EDNRB signaling. These results indicate that the expression of EDNRB2 contributes to the fate determination of HCs and that EDNRB signaling regulates the migration and maturation of HC precursors during chick HC regeneration.