Drosophila melanogaster
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA327202 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR3727920_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR3727920_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR3727930_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR3727930_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR3727911_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Characterization of active piRNAs and piRNA machinery in WRR-1 cells deficient for the Hippo pathway (deficient for the warts tumor suppressor) and expressing activated RasV12
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Project description:Characterization of active piRNAs and an piRNA machinery in WRR-1 cells deficient for the Hippo pathway (deficient for the warts tumor suppressor) and expressing activated RasV12 (small RNA)
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Project description:We have found that oncogenic Ras combined with loss of the Hippo tumour-suppressor pathway reactivates a primary piRNA pathway in Drosophila somatic cells, coincident with oncogenic transformation. In these cells, Piwi becomes loaded with piRNAs derived from generative loci, which are normally restricted to either the germline or the somatic follicle cells. Negating the pathway leads to increases in the expression of a wide variety of transposons and also to altered expression of some protein coding genes. This correlates with a reduction in the proliferation of the transformed cells in culture, suggesting that at least in this context, the piRNA pathway may play a functional role in cancer. Small RNAs cloned from whole cells, piwi-bound small RNAs and long RNA-Seq were performed in wts-RNAi;RasV12 cells to identify piRNAs and gene expression and compared to RasV12 cells, somatic OSS cells, and germline UAS-wts-RNAi;UAS-RasV12 control ovaries. After knock-down of several components of the piRNA machinery in WRR-1 cells (piwi, zuchini, armitage, aubergine, argonaute3) and GFP and/or dsRED control knock-downs, small RNAs were cloned and gene expression profiles (RNA-Seq) were established.
2016-08-01 | E-GEOD-83871 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We have found that oncogenic Ras combined with loss of the Hippo tumour-suppressor pathway reactivates a primary piRNA pathway in Drosophila somatic cells, coincident with oncogenic transformation. In these cells, Piwi becomes loaded with piRNAs derived from generative loci, which are normally restricted to either the germline or the somatic follicle cells. Negating the pathway leads to increases in the expression of a wide variety of transposons and also to altered expression of some protein coding genes. This correlates with a reduction in the proliferation of the transformed cells in culture, suggesting that at least in this context, the piRNA pathway may play a functional role in cancer. Small RNAs cloned from whole cells, Piwi-bound small RNAs and long RNA-Seq were performed in wts-RNAi;RasV12 cells to identify piRNAs and gene expression changes compared to RasV12 cells, somatic OSS cells, and germline UAS-wts-RNAi;UAS-RasV12 control ovaries. After knock-down of components of the piRNA machinery in WRR-1 cells ([piwi, zuchini, armitage, aubergine, argonaute3) and GFP and/or dsRED control knock-downs, small RNAs were cloned and gene expression (RNA-Seq) profiles were established.
2016-08-01 | E-GEOD-83843 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are ~24-30 nucleotide regulatory RNAs that are abundantly expressed in gonads. The most well-understood piRNAs mediate post-transcriptional defense against transposable elements (TEs), and derive from sense or antisense strands as a consequence of "ping-pong" amplification of complementary sequences of active TEs and piRNA master control transcripts. Another class of piRNAs, such as those expressed in pachytene testis, derive from large intergenic clusters that are strictly single-stranded. Here, we report a third substrate that generates abundant primary piRNAs. In somatic follicle cells of Drosophila ovaries, we cloned >1 million piRNAs from thousands of messenger RNAs, and these were quite preferentially derived from 3' untranslated regions. This segregation implies a competition between the translation machinery and primary piRNA biogenesis machinery for mRNA access. 3 replicates.
2010-01-03 | E-GEOD-15825 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are ~24-30 nucleotide regulatory RNAs that are abundantly expressed in gonads. The most well-understood piRNAs mediate post-transcriptional defense against transposable elements (TEs), and derive from sense or antisense strands as a consequence of "ping-pong" amplification of complementary sequences of active TEs and piRNA master control transcripts. Another class of piRNAs, such as those expressed in pachytene testis, derive from large intergenic clusters that are strictly single-stranded. Here, we report a third substrate that generates abundant primary piRNAs. In somatic follicle cells of Drosophila ovaries, we cloned >1 million piRNAs from thousands of messenger RNAs, and these were quite preferentially derived from 3' untranslated regions. This segregation implies a competition between the translation machinery and primary piRNA biogenesis machinery for mRNA access.
2010-01-04 | GSE15825 | GEO
Project description:During embryonic germ cell development in mice, transposon-enriched, piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) guide MILI and MIWI2 to direct silencing of potentially active mobile element families. In contrast, we know much less about the function of the highly abundant and extremely diverse class of piRNAs, which partner with MIWI and MILI during meiosis. Both MIWI and its catalytic activity are required for successful spermatogenesis, strongly indicating that piRNA-guided cleavage is critical for germ cell development. To gain an understanding of meiotic piRNA targets, we augmented the mouse piRNA repertoire by introducing an entire human meiotic piRNA cluster. This triggered a spermatogenesis defect, presumably by inappropriately targeting the piRNA machinery to mouse RNAs essential for germ cell development. Through an analysis of such de novo targets, we derived a signature for pachytene piRNA target recognition. This enabled identification of both transposable elements and meiotically expressed protein coding genes as targets of native piRNAs. Cleavage of genic targets begins at the pachytene stage when meiotic piRNAs first appear. As such, target mRNA levels attenuate starting from the pachytene stage and are further repressed throughout meiosis. Target mRNA-piRNA pairs also show evidence of an ongoing cleavage-dependent amplification cycle, which is not normally a strong feature of meiotic piRNAs. Our data support the idea that meiotic piRNA populations must be strongly selected to enable successful spermatogenesis, both driving the response away from essential genes and directing the pathway toward mRNA targets that are regulated by small RNAs in meiotic cells. 48 samples
2015-05-22 | E-GEOD-64138 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Transposons evolve rapidly and can mobilize and trigger genetic instability. piRNAs silence these genome pathogens, but it is unclear how the piRNA pathway adapts to new transposons. In Drosophila piRNAs, encoded by heterochromatic clusters are maternally deposited in the embryo. Paternally inherited P-element transposons thus escape silencing and trigger a genetic instability and sterility. We show that this syndrome, termed P-M hybrid dysgenesis, also disrupts the piRNA biogenesis machinery and activates resident transposons. As dysgenic hybrids age, however, fertility is restored, P-elements are silenced, and P-element piRNAs are produced de novo. In addition, the piRNA biogenesis machinery is restored and resident elements are silenced. Significantly, new resident transposons insertions accumulate in piRNA clusters, and these new insertions are transmitted to progeny with high fidelity, produce novel piRNAs, and are associated with reduced transposition. P-M hybrid dysgenesis thus leads to heritable changes in chromosome structure that appear to enhance transposon silencing. 3 replicates of each sample (Har 2-4 days, w1 x Har 2-4 days, w1 x Har 21 days), total RNA samples hybridized to tiling array.
2011-12-23 | E-GEOD-31813 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) control transposable element (TE) activity in the germline. piRNAs are produced from single-stranded precursors transcribed from distinct genomic loci, enriched by TE fragments and termed piRNA clusters. The specific chromatin organization and transcriptional regulation of Drosophila germline-specific piRNA clusters ensure transcription and processing of piRNA precursors. TEs harbour various regulatory elements that could affect piRNA cluster integrity. One of such elements is the suppressor-of-hairy-wing (Su(Hw))-mediated insulator, which is harboured in the retrotransposon gypsy. To understand how insulators contribute to piRNA cluster activity, we studied the effects of transgenes containing gypsy insulators on local organization of endogenous piRNA clusters. We show that transgene insertions interfere with piRNA precursor transcription, small RNA production and the formation of piRNA cluster-specific chromatin, a hallmark of which is Rhino, the germline homolog of the heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1). The mutations of Su(Hw) restored the integrity of piRNA clusters in transgenic strains. Surprisingly, Su(Hw) depletion enhanced the production of piRNAs by the domesticated telomeric retrotransposon TART, indicating that Su(Hw)-dependent elements protect TART transcripts from piRNA processing machinery in telomeres. A genome-wide analysis revealed that Su(Hw)-binding sites are depleted in endogenous germline piRNA clusters, suggesting that their functional integrity is under strict evolutionary constraints.
2019-03-15 | GSE125173 | GEO
Project description:The piRNA machinery is known for its role in mediating epigenetic silencing of transposons. Recent studies suggest that this function also involves piRNA-guided cleavage of transposon-derived transcripts. As many piRNAs also appear to have the capacity to target diverse mRNAs, this raises the intriguing possibility that piRNAs may act extensively as siRNAs to degrade specific mRNAs. To directly test this hypothesis, we compared mouse PIWI (MIWI)-associated piRNAs with experimentally identified cleaved mRNA fragments from mouse testes, and observed cleavage sites that predominantly occur at position 10 from the 5' end of putative targeting piRNAs. We also noted strong biases for U and A residues at nucleotide positions 1 and 10, respectively, in both piRNAs and mRNA fragments, features that resemble the pattern of piRNA amplification by the 'ping-pong' cycle. Through mapping of MIWI-RNA interactions by CLIP-seq and gene expression profiling, we found that many potential piRNA-targeted mRNAs directly interact with MIWI and show elevated expression levels in the testes of Miwi catalytic mutant mice. Reporter-based assays further revealed the importance of base pairing between piRNAs and mRNA targets and the requirement for both the slicer activity and piRNA-loading ability of MIWI in piRNA-mediated target repression. Importantly, we demonstrated that proper turnover of certain key piRNA targets is essential for sperm formation. Together, these findings reveal the siRNA-like function of the piRNA machinery in mouse testes and its central requirement for male germ cell development and maturation. CLIP-Seq (Crosslinking Immunoprecipitation coupled with high-throughput sequencing) experiments targeting Miwi in isolated round spermatids from mouse testis.
2015-04-09 | E-GEOD-67683 | biostudies-arrayexpress