Chromatin Open/Close Logic in Cellular Reprogramming
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA359485 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR5136360_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR5136360_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR5136370_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR5136370_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR5136380_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:The reprogramming of fibroblasts into pluripotent stem cells by Oct4, Sox2, Myc and Klf4 represents a unique system to understand the logic of cell fate decisions. The reprogramming process can be divided into initial, middle and maturation phases that are coupled to the ordered execution of multiple biological processes, of which one of the earliest is a mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET). Yet, despite these critical insights, less is known about how the reprogramming factors alter the chromatin state to convert somatic cells back to pluripotent cells. Here we report the global chromatin accessibility dynamics as cells reprogram from a somatic to a pluripotent state as assessed by assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing (ATAC-seq). We show that chromatin changes during reprogramming are defined by a fast initial wave of chromatin changes from accessible/open to inaccessible/closed (OC), which is followed by a slower opening up of chromatin from closed to open (CO), and ends with a climactic wave of CO. The initial OC wave includes loci enriched with motifs for AP-1, TEAD, RUNX and ETS-family transcription factors. Consistently, over-expression of one of the AP-1-family members c-Jun, c-Fos and Fra1blocked reprogramming. c-Jun inhibits reprogramming by preventing OSK-driven OC and skewing the overall OC-CO dynamics. Paradoxically, we show that Sox2 and to a less extent Oct4 and Klf4 are CO-, not OC-, mediators , suggesting that they must first activate potent OC factors to remodel chromatin. Indeed, we show that Sap30, a component of the Sin3 complex8, functions as such an OC factor. Together, our results reveal the chromatin accessibility logic during reprogramming and identify Sap30 as one of the first responders that help silence somatic genes.
2017-12-09 | GSE98404 | GEO
Project description:The reprogramming of fibroblasts into pluripotent stem cells by Oct4, Sox2, Myc and Klf4 represents a unique system to understand the logic of cell fate decisions. The reprogramming process can be divided into initial, middle and maturation phases that are coupled to the ordered execution of multiple biological processes, of which one of the earliest is a mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET). Yet, despite these critical insights, less is known about how the reprogramming factors alter the chromatin state to convert somatic cells back to pluripotent cells. Here we report the global chromatin accessibility dynamics as cells reprogram from a somatic to a pluripotent state as assessed by assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing (ATAC-seq). We show that chromatin changes during reprogramming are defined by a fast initial wave of chromatin changes from accessible/open to inaccessible/closed (OC), which is followed by a slower opening up of chromatin from closed to open (CO), and ends with a climactic wave of CO. The initial OC wave includes loci enriched with motifs for AP-1, TEAD, RUNX and ETS-family transcription factors. Consistently, over-expression of one of the AP-1-family members c-Jun, c-Fos and Fra1blocked reprogramming. c-Jun inhibits reprogramming by preventing OSK-driven OC and skewing the overall OC-CO dynamics. Paradoxically, we show that Sox2 and to a less extent Oct4 and Klf4 are CO-, not OC-, mediators , suggesting that they must first activate potent OC factors to remodel chromatin. Indeed, we show that Sap30, a component of the Sin3 complex8, functions as such an OC factor. Together, our results reveal the chromatin accessibility logic during reprogramming and identify Sap30 as one of the first responders that help silence somatic genes.
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Project description:The reprogramming of fibroblasts into pluripotent stem cells by Oct4, Sox2, Myc and Klf4 represents a unique system to understand the logic of cell fate decisions. The reprogramming process can be divided into initial, middle and maturation phases that are coupled to the ordered execution of multiple biological processes, of which one of the earliest is a mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET). Yet, despite these critical insights, less is known about how the reprogramming factors alter the chromatin state to convert somatic cells back to pluripotent cells. Here we report the global chromatin accessibility dynamics as cells reprogram from a somatic to a pluripotent state as assessed by assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing (ATAC-seq). We show that chromatin changes during reprogramming are defined by a fast initial wave of chromatin changes from accessible/open to inaccessible/closed (OC), which is followed by a slower opening up of chromatin from closed to open (CO), and ends with a climactic wave of CO. The initial OC wave includes loci enriched with motifs for AP-1, TEAD, RUNX and ETS-family transcription factors. Consistently, over-expression of one of the AP-1-family members c-Jun, c-Fos and Fra1blocked reprogramming. c-Jun inhibits reprogramming by preventing OSK-driven OC and skewing the overall OC-CO dynamics. Paradoxically, we show that Sox2 and to a less extent Oct4 and Klf4 are CO-, not OC-, mediators , suggesting that they must first activate potent OC factors to remodel chromatin. Indeed, we show that Sap30, a component of the Sin3 complex8, functions as such an OC factor. Together, our results reveal the chromatin accessibility logic during reprogramming and identify Sap30 as one of the first responders that help silence somatic genes.
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Project description:Mouse naive and primed pluripotent stem cells, ESC and EpiSC, represent two distinct stages of pluripotency. Here we report that BMP4 drives primed to naive transition or PNT by reprogramming chromatin accessibility. ATAC-seq reveals that a short pulse of BMP4 triggers EpiSCs to close 26409 and open 6428 loci to reach an intermediate state that continue to open 18744 and close 7042 loci under 2iL until reaching a naive state, following with a dramatic reactivation of the silenced X chromosome. Among loci opened by BMP4 are those encoding Id1, Tfap2c/2a and Zbtb7b that synergistically drive PNT without BMP4. Tfap2c-/- ESCs or EpiSCs self-renew normally, while the former capable of differentiating to the latter but the latter fails to undergo PNT, a defect rescuable by exogenous Tfap2c. Our results link BMP4 to PNT through a binary logic of chromatin closing and opening, revealing the intrinsic power of extracellular factors to reorganize nuclear architecture in development.
2020-06-16 | GSE122936 | GEO
Project description:Mouse naive and primed pluripotent stem cells, ESC and EpiSC, represent two distinct stages of pluripotency. Here we report that BMP4 drives primed to naive transition or PNT by reprogramming chromatin accessibility. ATAC-seq reveals that a short pulse of BMP4 triggers EpiSCs to close 26409 and open 6428 loci to reach an intermediate state that continue to open 18744 and close 7042 loci under 2iL until reaching a naive state, following with a dramatic reactivation of the silenced X chromosome. Among loci opened by BMP4 are those encoding Id1, Tfap2c/2a and Zbtb7b that synergistically drive PNT without BMP4. Tfap2c-/- ESCs or EpiSCs self-renew normally, while the former capable of differentiating to the latter but the latter fails to undergo PNT, a defect rescuable by exogenous Tfap2c. Our results link BMP4 to PNT through a binary logic of chromatin closing and opening, revealing the intrinsic power of extracellular factors to reorganize nuclear architecture in development.
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