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Oreochromis niloticus

ABSTRACT: Uncovering novel roles for thyroid hormones in teleost fishes: Differential transcriptome regulation in brain and liver by 3,5-T2 and 3’,3,5-T3

PROVIDER: PRJNA378665 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR5331650_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR5331650_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR5331660_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR5331660_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR5331651_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Uncovering novel roles for thyroid hormones in teleost fishes: Differential transcriptome regulation in brain and liver by 3,5-T2 and 3’,3,5-T3

Project description:We used a RNA-seq approach to determine the effect of 3,5-di-iodothyronine (T2) and 3,5,3'-tri-iodothyronine (T3) exogenous treatment on the transcriptome of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) liver, cerebellum, and thalamus-pituitary. We identified a total of 169, 154 and 2863 genes that were Thyroid hormone-regulated (FDR < 0.05) in tilapia cerebellum, thalamus-pituitary and liver, respectively. Among those, 130, 96 and 349 genes were uniquely regulated by T3, whereas 22, 40 and 929 were only regulated by T2 in the cerebellum, thalamus-pituitary and liver.

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Project description:Thyroid hormones T3 and T4 play a crucial role in the regulation of vertebrate metabolism. The thyroglobulin (Tg) protein is key to thyroid hormone synthesis, and its structure is conserved among vertebrates. TgG is delivered through the secretory pathway to the lumen of the thyroid gland, where it is iodinated at specific tyrosine sites to form mono- or di-iodotyrosine, which combine to produce T3 and T4, respectively. The formation of these hormones depends on the precise 3D structure of thyroglobulin, which has remained unknown despite decades of research on this protein. Here, we present the cryo-electron microscopy structure of human thyroglobulin, to a global resolution of 3.2 Å. Our results offer structural insight into thyroid hormonogenesis and provide a framework to understand hundreds of clinically relevant mutations. The structure of hTg contributes to a better understanding and potentially improved treatment of thyroid hypothyroidism, thyroid cancer and other Tg disorders.

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Project description:Thyroid hormone (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine, T3) sensitively influences the pituitary gland, a source of hormones that control tissues throughout the body. The underlying transcriptional response is believed to hinge crucially on interaction of T3 receptors with enhancers in the genome but it remains unknown how T3 regulates pituitary chromatin and how this regulation adjusts to hypothyroid and hyperthyroid conditions.

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Project description:Thyroid hormones, thyroxine and triiodothyronine (T3) are crucial for cerebral cortex development acting through regulation of gene expression. To define the transcriptional program under T3 regulation we have performed RNA-Seq of T3-treated and untreated primary mouse cerebrocortical cells. The expression of 1,145 genes or 7.7% of expressed genes was changed upon T3 addition, of which 371 responded to T3 in the presence of cycloheximide indicating direct transcriptional regulation. The results were compared with available transcriptomic datasets of defined cellular types. In this way we could identify genomic targets of T3 in astrocytes and neurons, and in neuron subtypes, such as layer-specific neurons, and neurons expressing specific markers such as prepronociceptin, cholecystokinin, or cortistatin. T3 up-regulates mostly genes related to cell membrane events, such as G-protein signaling, neurotransmission, and ion transport, and down-regulates genes involved in nuclear events, such as cell division, M phase of cell cycle, and chromosome organization and segregation. Remarkably the transcriptomic changes induced by T3 sustain the transition from embryonic to adult patterns of gene expression. The results allowed us to define in molecular terms the elusive role of thyroid hormones on neocortical development.

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