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RNA pol II Dynamics Modulate Co-transcriptional Chromatin Modification, CTD phosphorylation and transcriptional direction

ABSTRACT: RNA pol II Dynamics Modulate Co-transcriptional Chromatin Modification, CTD phosphorylation and transcriptional direction

PROVIDER: PRJNA382974 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR5448780.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR5448790.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR5448800.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR5448810.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR5448820.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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RNA pol II Dynamics Modulate Co-transcriptional Chromatin Modification, CTD phosphorylation and transcriptional direction

Project description:Using pol II mutants in human cells we found that slow transcription repositioned specific co-transcriptionally deposited chromatin modifications; H3K36me3 shifted within genes toward 5’ ends and H3K4me2 extended further upstream of start sites. Slow transcription also evoked a hyperphosphorylation of CTD Ser2 residues at 5’ ends of genes that is conserved in yeast. We propose a “dwell-time in the target zone” model to explain the effects of transcriptional dynamics on establishment of co-transcriptionally deposited protein modifications. Promoter-proximal Ser2 phosphorylation is associated with longer pol II dwell time at start sites and reduced transcriptional polarity due to strongly enhanced divergent antisense transcription at promoters.

2017-05-24 | GSE97827 | GEO

RNA Pol II Dynamics Modulate Co-transcriptional Chromatin Modification, CTD Phosphorylation, and Transcriptional Direction.

Project description:Eukaryotic genes are marked by conserved post-translational modifications on the RNA pol II C-terminal domain (CTD) and the chromatin template. How the 5'-3' profiles of these marks are established is poorly understood. Using pol II mutants in human cells, we found that slow transcription repositioned specific co-transcriptionally deposited chromatin modifications; histone H3 lysine 36 trimethyl (H3K36me3) shifted within genes toward 5' ends, and histone H3 lysine 4 dimethyl (H3K4me2) extended farther upstream of start sites. Slow transcription also evoked a hyperphosphorylation of CTD Ser2 residues at 5' ends of genes that is conserved in yeast. We propose a "dwell time in the target zone" model to explain the effects of transcriptional dynamics on the establishment of co-transcriptionally deposited protein modifications. Promoter-proximal Ser2 phosphorylation is associated with a longer pol II dwell time at start sites and reduced transcriptional polarity because of strongly enhanced divergent antisense transcription at promoters. These results demonstrate that pol II dynamics help govern the decision between sense and divergent antisense transcription.

| S-EPMC5488731 | biostudies-literature

RNA Pol II CTD mutants

Project description:RNA Pol II CTD mutants

| PRJNA377084 | ENA

Spliceosome specifically associates with CTD phospho-serine 5 isoform of RNA polymerase II to promote co-transcriptional splicing

Project description:Co-transcriptional splicing of introns is a defining feature of eukaryotic gene expression. We show that the mammalian spliceosome specifically associates with the S5P CTD isoform of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) as it elongates across spliced exons of protein coding genes, both in human Hela and murine lymphoid cell lines. Immuno-precipitation of MNase digested chromatin with phospho CTD specific antibodies reveals that components of the active spliceosome (both snRNA and proteins) form a specific complex with S5P CTD Pol II. Furthermore a dominant splicing intermediate formed by cleavage at intron 5’ss results in the tethering of upstream exons to this complex at all spliced exons. These are invariably connected to upstream spliced constitutive and less frequently to alternative exons. Finally S5P CTD Pol II accumulates over spliced exons but not adjacent introns. We propose that mammalian splicing employs a rapid, co-transcriptional splicing mechanism based on CTD phosphorylation transitions.

2018-10-05 | PXD008197 | Pride

CTD tyrosine phosphorylation impairs termination factor recruitment to transcribing RNA polymerase II

Project description:ChIP-chip was performed to identify the genomic binding locations for the termination factors Nrd1, and Rtt103, and for RNA polymerase (Pol) II phosphorylated at the tyrosine 1 and threonine 4 position of its C-terminal domain (CTD). In different phases of the transcription cycle, Pol II recruits different factors via its CTD, which consists of heptapeptide repeats with the sequence Tyr1-Ser2-Pro3-Thr4-Ser5-Pro6-Ser7. Here we show that the CTD of transcribing yeast Pol II is phosphorylated at Tyr1, and that this impairs recruitment of termination factors. Tyr1 phosphorylation levels rise downstream of the transcription start site (TSS), and decrease before the polyadenylation (pA) site. Tyr1-phosphorylated gene bodies are depleted of CTD-binding termination factors Nrd1, Pcf11, and Rtt103. Tyr1 phosphorylation blocks CTD binding by these termination factors, but stimulates binding of elongation factor Spt6. These results show that CTD modifications can not only stimulate but also block factor recruitment, and lead to an extended CTD code for transcription cycle coordination.

2012-06-29 | E-MTAB-1060 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Heptad-specific phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II CTD

Project description:The carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) consists of heptad repeats with the consensus motif Y1-S2-P3-T4-S5-P6-S7. Dynamic phosphorylation of the CTD coordinates Pol II progression through the transcription cycle. Monoclonal antibodies have been used to study in vivo the potentially phosphorylated CTD amino acids (Y1, S2, T4, S5 and S7). However, the epitopes detected by antibodies can be masked by proteins or modifications at neighbouring sites. Therefore, the effectiveness of antibodies in western blot or ChIP analysis reflects the number of accessible CTD phosphorylation marks, but not the total number of phosphorylations. Most importantly, CTD phospho-specific antibodies do not provide any heptad - (location) specific information of CTD phosphorylation. Due to these limitations, the principles and patterns of CTD phosphorylation remained elusive. Here, we use genetic and mass spectrometric approaches to directly detect and map phosphosites along the entire CTD. We confirm phosphorylation of CTD residues Y1, S2, T4, S5 and S7 in mammalian and yeast cells. Although specific phosphorylation signatures dominate, adjacent CTD repeats can be differently phosphorylated, leading to a high variation of coexisting phosphosites in mono- and di-heptad CTD repeats. Inhibition of CDK9 kinase specifically reduces S2 phosphorylation levels within the CTD.

2016-01-25 | PXD003159 | Pride

Genome-wide RNA Pol II-CTD occupancy in wild type and mutant worms

Project description:We used RNA Pol II-CTD occupancy assay to identify mRNA isoform switch in mutant animals compared to wild type animals. Examination of RNA Pol II-CTD Ser5P recognized by 4H8 in wild type, sydn-1(0), ssup-72(0) and ssup-72(0);sydn-1(0)

2015-11-01 | E-GEOD-68203 | biostudies-arrayexpress

RNA expression analysis in RNA Pol II CTD mutants

Project description:The carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) orchestrates dynamic recruitment of specific cellular machines during different stages of transcription. Signature phosphorylation patterns of Y1S2P3T4S5P6S7 heptapeptide repeats of the CTD engage specific “readers.” While phospho-Ser5 and phospho-Ser2 marks are ubiquitous, phospho-Thr4 is reported to only impact specific genes. Here, we investigate the RNA expression profile in WT and CTD-mutant strains of S. cerevisiae.

2017-05-02 | GSE95417 | GEO

Tyrosine-1 of RNAPII CTD controls global termination of gene transcription in mammals

Project description:The carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase (Pol) II is composed of a repetition of YSPTSPS heptads and functions as a loading platform for protein complexes that regulate transcription, splicing and maturation of RNAs. Here, we studied mammalian CTD mutants to analyze the function of tyrosine1 residues in the transcription cycle. Mutation of 3/4 of the tyrosine residues (YFFF mutant) resulted in a massive read-through transcription phenotype in antisense direction of promoters as well as in 3' direction several hundred kb downstream of genes. The YFFF mutant shows reduced Pol II at promoter-proximal pause sites, a loss of interaction with the Mediator and Integrator complexes and impaired recruitment of these complexes to chromatin. Consistent with these observations, Pol II loading at enhancers and maturation of snRNAs are altered in the YFFF context genome wide. We conclude that tyrosine1 residues of the CTD control termination of transcription by Pol II.

2017-12-29 | GSE94330 | GEO

Pol II and CTD Phosphorylation of ATP-analog sensitive Kin28 budding yeast

Project description:Pol II and CTD Phosphorylation of ATP-analog sensitive Kin28 budding yeast

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