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Orthogonal muscle fibres have different instructive roles in planarian regeneration

ABSTRACT: Orthogonal muscle fibres have different instructive roles in planarian regeneration

PROVIDER: PRJNA387171 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR5573150.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR5573160.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR5573170.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR5573180.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR5573190.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Orthogonal muscle fibres have different instructive roles in planarian regeneration.

Project description:The ability to regenerate missing body parts exists throughout the animal kingdom. Positional information is crucial for regeneration, but how it is harboured and used by differentiated tissues is poorly understood. In planarians, positional information has been identified from study of phenotypes caused by RNA interference in which the wrong tissues are regenerated. For example, inhibition of the Wnt signalling pathway leads to regeneration of heads in place of tails. Characterization of these phenotypes has led to the identification of position control genes (PCGs)-genes that are expressed in a constitutive and regional manner and are associated with patterning. Most PCGs are expressed within planarian muscle; however, how muscle is specified and how different muscle subsets affect regeneration is unknown. Here we show that different muscle fibres have distinct regulatory roles during regeneration in the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea. myoD is required for formation of a specific muscle cell subset: the longitudinal fibres, oriented along the anterior-posterior axis. Loss of longitudinal fibres led to complete regeneration failure because of defects in regeneration initiation. A different transcription factor-encoding gene, nkx1-1, is required for the formation of circular fibres, oriented along the medial-lateral axis. Loss of circular fibres led to a bifurcated anterior-posterior axis with fused heads forming in single anterior blastemas. Whereas muscle is often viewed as a strictly contractile tissue, these findings reveal that different muscle types have distinct and specific regulatory roles in wound signalling and patterning to enable regeneration.

| S-EPMC6263039 | biostudies-literature

Orthogonal muscle fibres have different instructive roles in planarian regeneration

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2017-11-22 | GSE99067 | GEO

Transcriptomic profiling of hemp bast fibres at different developmental stages

Project description:Cellulosic phloem fibres, also known as bast fibres, find a wide array of applications in industry, for example as eco-friendly substitutes of glass fibres in the manufacture of biocomposites. Bast fibres are cells characterized by a noteworthy length and by a tertiary cell wall (gelatinous or G-layer) mainly composed of crystalline cellulose. During their differentiation, bast fibres undergo specific developmental stages: the cells initially elongate rapidly by intrusive growth, then they cease elongation and start to thicken. In the light of their importance in fostering a bio-economy, it is desirable to widen our knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying the differentiation and maturation of bast fibres. The goal of the present study is to provide a transcriptomic close-up of the key events accompanying bast fibre development. The stages going from rapid elongation to cell wall thickening are here studied in textile hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), a fibre crop of great economic importance.

2017-07-10 | GSE94156 | GEO

Identification of EV-responsive transcripts in the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea

Project description:The roles of extracellular vesicles in animal models of regeneration are poorly characterized. The goal of this study was to identify differentially expressed transcripts in planarian flatworms after injection of buffer only or extracellular vesicles compared to uninjected animals.

2024-10-01 | GSE261722 | GEO

The head-regeneration transcriptome of the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea

Project description:The head-regeneration transcriptome of the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea

2011-07-15 | E-MTAB-607 | biostudies-arrayexpress

H3K36me3 is significantly more enriched at Set1-affected loci than at MLL1/2-affected loci in planarian stem cells

Project description:Histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) is known to correlate with both active and poised genomic loci, yet many questions remain regarding its functional roles in vivo. We identify functional genomic targets of two H3K4 methyltransferases, Set1 and MLL1/2, in both the stem cells (X1) and differentiated tissue (Xins) of the planarian flatworm Schmidtea mediterranea. We show that, despite their common substrate, these enzymes target distinct genomic loci in vivo, which are distinguishable by the footprint each enzyme leaves on the chromatin template, i.e., the breadth of the H3K4me3 peak. Whereas Set1 targets are broadly associated with the maintenance of the stem cell population, MLL1/2 targets are specifically enriched for genes involved in ciliogenesis. These data not only confirm that chromatin regulation is fundamental to planarian stem cell function, but also provide evidence for post-embryonic functional specificity of H3K4me3 methyltransferases in vivo. To test this, we looked at the H3K4me3 chromatin profile in WW, X1 and Xins cell types upon knockdown of set1, mll1/2, as well as WT. Examine binding of H3K36me3 in WT in Planarian. The experiment performed yielded a total of 2 samples. These samples validate the main ChIP samples.

2015-12-17 | E-GEOD-74419 | biostudies-arrayexpress

[E-MTAB-607] Transcription profiling by high throughput sequencing of the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea during head regeneration

Project description:The head-regeneration transcriptome of the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea ArrayExpress Release Date: 2011-07-15 Publication Title: The head-regeneration transcriptome of the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea Publication Author List: Thomas Sandmann, Matthias C. Vogg, Suthira Owlarn, Michael Boutros, and Kerstin Bartscherer Person Roles: submitter Person Last Name: Sandmann Person First Name: Thomas Person Mid Initials: Person Email: t.sandmann@dkfz.de Person Phone: +49 6221 42 1954 Person Address: Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany Person Affiliation: German Cancer Research Center

2012-01-20 | GSE30996 | GEO

Functional dissection of regulatory landscapes reveals non-essential and instructive roles of TADs in regulating gene expression

Project description:Functional dissection of regulatory landscapes reveals non-essential and instructive roles of TADs in regulating gene expression

| PRJNA515752 | ENA

A niche-derived non-ribosomal peptide triggers planarian sexual development.

Project description:Germ cells are regulated by local microenvironments (niches), which secrete instructive cues. Conserved developmental signaling molecules act as niche-derived regulatory factors, yet other types of niche signals remain to be identified. Single-cell RNA-sequencing of sexual planarians revealed niche cells expressing a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (nrps). Inhibiting nrps led to loss of female reproductive organs and testis hyperplasia. Mass spectrometry detected the dipeptide β-alanyl-tryptamine (BATT), which is associated with reproductive system development and requires nrps and a monoamine-transmitter-synthetic enzyme (AADC) for its production. Exogenous BATT rescued the reproductive defects after nrps or aadc inhibition, restoring fertility. Thus, a non-ribosomal, monoamine-derived peptide provided by niche cells acts as a critical signal to trigger planarian reproductive development. These findings reveal an unexpected function for monoamines in niche-germ cell signaling. Furthermore, given the recently reported role for BATT as a male-derived factor required for reproductive maturation of female schistosomes, these results have important implications for the evolution of parasitic flatworms and suggest a potential role for non-ribosomal peptides as signaling molecules in other organisms.

2024-06-06 | GSE267865 | GEO

454 Life Sciences/Roche and Illumina sequencing of small RNAs from planarian samples

Project description:Freshwater planarian flatworms possess uncanny regenerative capacities mediated by abundant and collectively totipotent adult stem cells. Key functions of these cells during regeneration and tissue homeostasis have been shown to depend on PIWI, a molecule required for piRNA expression in planarians. Nevertheless, the full complement of piRNAs, and microRNAs (miRNAs) in this organism has yet to be defined. Here, we report on the large scale cloning and sequencing of small RNAs from the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea, yielding altogether millions of sequenced unique small RNAs. We show that piRNAs are in part organized in genomic clusters and that they share characteristic features with mammalian and fly piRNAs. We further identify 61 novel miRNA genes and thus double the number of known planarian miRNAs. Sequencing, as well as quantitative PCR of small RNAs uncovered ten miRNAs enriched in planarian stem cells. These miRNAs are down-regulated in animals in which stem cells have been abrogated by irradiation, and thus constitute miRNAs likely associated with specific stem cell functions. Altogether, we present the first comprehensive small RNA analysis in animals belonging to the third animal superphylum, the Lophotrochozoa, and single out a number of miRNAs that may function in regeneration. Several of these miRNAs are deeply conserved in animals. Small RNAs were sequenced from FACS-sorted neoblast stem cells, untreated planarians and irradiated planarians, depleted of neoblasts

2009-06-30 | E-GEOD-16159 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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