Project description:During the 1918 influenza pandemic, children experienced substantially lower mortality than adults, a striking but poorly understood finding. Whether this was due to enhanced resistance (reduced virus load) or better tolerance (reduced impact of infection) has not been defined. We found that prepubertal mice infected with H1N1 influenza virus also showed greater survival than infected pubertal mice, despite similar virus loads. To explore mechanisms for the survival differences, we compared gene expression profiles in lung tissue from mice of both age groups during the course of influenza pneumonia.
Project description:During the 1918 influenza pandemic, children experienced substantially lower mortality than adults, a striking but poorly understood finding. Whether this was due to enhanced resistance (reduced virus load) or better tolerance (reduced impact of infection) has not been defined. We found that prepubertal mice infected with H1N1 influenza virus also showed greater survival than infected pubertal mice, despite similar virus loads. To explore mechanisms for the survival differences, we compared gene expression profiles in lung tissue from mice of both age groups during the course of influenza pneumonia.
Project description:During the 1918 influenza pandemic, children experienced substantially lower mortality than adults, a striking but poorly understood finding. Whether this was due to enhanced resistance (reduced virus load) or better tolerance (reduced impact of infection) has not been defined. We found that prepubertal mice infected with H1N1 influenza virus also showed greater survival than infected pubertal mice, despite similar virus loads. To explore mechanisms for the survival differences, we compared gene expression profiles in whole blood leukocytes from normal, uninfected mice of both age groups.
Project description:We applied RNA sequencing analysis to hypothalamuses from prepubertal and pubertal rats. The significant differential expression transcripts were screened out. In order to validate the RNA-seq data, the expression patterns in the samples of lncRNAs and mRNA genes were confirmed by qRT-PCR. This research provides an expression profile of lncRNAs to further research on puberty.
Project description:We applied RNA sequencing analysis to 6 hypothalamuses from pubertal and prepubertal goats. The significant differential expression transcripts were screened out. In order to validate the RNA-seq data, the expression patterns in the samples of lncRNAs and mRNA genes were confirmed by qRT-PCR. This research provides an expression profile of lncRNAs to further research on puberty.
Project description:Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine whether different developmental competence of the embryos derived from prepubertal and pubertal animals is affected by the heterogeneity of their transcriptomic profiles. Moreover, the expression of molecular markers associated with mitochondrial function, expressed by the genes involved in OXPHOS, might be applied as a predictable marker for embryonic developmental capability.
Project description:The pathogenesis of avian influenza A H5N1 virus in human has not been clearly elucidated. There have been increasing evidence suggesting a role for virus-induced cytokine dysregulation in contributing to the pathogenesis of human H5N1 disease. However, the role of aberrant innate immune response in human lungs infected by avian influenza H5N1 virus has not been explored and direct evidence for inappropriate innate responses in lungs of avian influenza H5N1 virus infected patients is lacking.
Project description:The pathogenesis of avian influenza A H5N1 virus in human has not been clearly elucidated. There have been increasing evidence suggesting a role for virus-induced cytokine dysregulation in contributing to the pathogenesis of human H5N1 disease. However, the role of aberrant innate immune response in human lungs infected by avian influenza H5N1 virus has not been explored and direct evidence for inappropriate innate responses in lungs of avian influenza H5N1 virus infected patients is lacking. In order to obtain evidences for the proposed role of aberrant innate immune response in avian influenza H5N1 virus pathogenesis in human, we analyzed expression profile of lung tissues from two fatal cases of avian influenza H5N1 virus infected patients in comparison to normal human lung using an expression microarray.
Project description:Antineoplastic treatments for cancer and other non-malignant disorders can result in male long-term or permanent infertility by ablating spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). Preserving the future fertility of prepubertal patients faced with this prospect cannot rely on sperm banking. SSC transplantation using testicular tissue harvested before sterilizing treatment is a promising approach for restoring fertility, but lack of exclusive biomarkers which can unequivocally identify prepubertal SSCs in any primate species limits the therapeutic potential. To address this, we performed single-cell RNA-seq on unselected testis cells from immature baboons and macaques and compared these cells with published data from pre-pubertal human germ cells functionally-defined mouse SSCs. We found discrete groups of human spermatogonia while baboon and rhesus spermatogonia appeared less heterogenous. Cross-species analysis revealed cell types analogous to human SSCs in baboon and rhesus germ cells, but comparison with mouse SSCs revealed significant differences with primate SSCs. Indeed, a core component of a human SSC gene expression signature was conserved in baboon and rhesus spermatogonia and absent from mouse SSCs. These results further resolve the identity of pre-pubertal human SSCs and define novel pathways that could be leveraged for advancing their selection and propagation in vitro.