Rattus norvegicus
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA397767 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:Irreversible blindness from glaucoma and optic neuropathies is attributed to retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) losing the ability to regenerate axons. While several transcription factors and proteins have demonstrated enhancement of axon regeneration after optic nerve injury, mechanisms contributing to the age-related decline in axon regenerative capacity remains elusive. Here, we show that microRNAs are differentially expressed during RGC development, and identify microRNA-19a (miR-19a) as a heterochronic marker; developmental decline of miR-19a relieves suppression of PTEN, a key regulator of axon regeneration, and serves as a temporal indicator of decreasing axon regenerative capacity. Intravitreal injection of miR-19a promotes axon regeneration after optic nerve crush in adult mice, and increases axon extension in RGCs isolated from aged human donors. This uncovers a previously unrecognized involvement of the miR-19a-PTEN axis in RGC axon regeneration, and demonstrates therapeutic potential of microRNA-mediated restoration of axon regenerative capacity via intravitreal injection in patients with optic neuropathies.
2020-07-04 | GSE102458 | GEO
Project description:The central nervous system (CNS) projection neurons fail to spontaneously regenerate injured axons. Targeting the developmentally regulated genes in order to reactivate embryonic intrinsic axon growth capacity, or targeting tumor suppressor genes such as Pten, promote axon regeneration in a subset of injured retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). The subset of RGCs that regenerate axons in response to inhibition of Pten was narrowed-down to the Opn4+ intrinsically photosensitive (ip) and α subtypes of RGCs. Here, we used single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) to investigate why only a subset of injured RGCs regenerate axons in response to Pten knockdown (KD), and to characterize the relationship between axon regeneration promoted by targeting Pten and the developmental decline in intrinsic axon growth capacity. We found that, only the most similar to embryonic state ipRGC subtypes C33 and C40 regenerated axons in response to Pten KD, which dedifferentiated them even further towards an embryonic state. We also found that genes downstream of Pten KD, specifically in the RGCs that regenerated axons, include mitochondria-associated developmentally regulated and non-developmentally regulated Dynlt1a and Lars2, respectively, which promoted axon regeneration on their own. Overall, we show that injury itself reverts transcriptome towards an embryonic state only in some neuronal subtypes and not sufficiently close to embryonic state to confer response to Pten KD, whereas certain mature neuronal subtypes are similar to embryonic state even without injury, which primes them to regenerate axons in response to Pten KD, that dedifferentiates them further towards an embryonic state and upregulates mitochondria-associated Dynlt1a and Lars2.
2023-04-11 | GSE210137 | GEO
Project description:Axon regeneration holds great promise for neural repair of CNS axonopathies, including glaucoma. Pten deletion in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) promotes potent optic nerve regeneration, but only a small population of Pten-null RGCs are actually regenerating RGCs (regRGCs); most surviving RGCs (surRGCs) remain non-regenerative. Here we developed a strategy to specifically label and purify regRGCs and surRGCs respectively from the same Pten deletion mice after optic nerve crush, in which they differ only in their regeneration capability. Smart-Seq2 single cell transcriptome analysis revealed novel regeneration-associated genes that significantly promote axon regeneration. The most potent of these, Anxa2, acts synergistically with its ligand tPA in Pten deletion-induced axon regeneration. Anxa2, its downstream effector ILK, and Mpp1 dramatically protect RGC somata and axons and preserves visual function in a clinically relevant model of glaucoma, demonstrating the exciting potential of this innovative strategy to identify novel effective neural repair candidates.
2022-08-20 | GSE206625 | GEO
Project description:Axon regeneration holds great promise for neural repair of CNS axonopathies, including glaucoma. Pten deletion in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) promotes potent optic nerve regeneration, but only a small population of Pten-null RGCs are actually regenerating RGCs (regRGCs); most surviving RGCs (surRGCs) remain non-regenerative. Here we developed a strategy to specifically label and purify regRGCs and surRGCs respectively from the same Pten deletion mice after optic nerve crush, in which they differ only in their regeneration capability. Smart-Seq2 single cell transcriptome analysis revealed novel regeneration-associated genes that significantly promote axon regeneration. The most potent of these, Anxa2, acts synergistically with its ligand tPA in Pten deletion-induced axon regeneration. Anxa2, its downstream effector ILK, and Mpp1 dramatically protect RGC somata and axons and preserves visual function in a clinically relevant model of glaucoma, demonstrating the exciting potential of this innovative strategy to identify novel effective neural repair candidates.
2022-08-20 | GSE206624 | GEO
Project description:Axon regeneration holds great promise for neural repair of CNS axonopathies, including glaucoma. Pten deletion in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) promotes potent optic nerve regeneration, but only a small population of Pten-null RGCs are actually regenerating RGCs (regRGCs); most surviving RGCs (surRGCs) remain non-regenerative. Here we developed a strategy to specifically label and purify regRGCs and surRGCs respectively from the same Pten deletion mice after optic nerve crush, in which they differ only in their regeneration capability. Smart-Seq2 single cell transcriptome analysis revealed novel regeneration-associated genes that significantly promote axon regeneration. The most potent of these, Anxa2, acts synergistically with its ligand tPA in Pten deletion-induced axon regeneration. Anxa2, its downstream effector ILK, and Mpp1 dramatically protect RGC somata and axons and preserves visual function in a clinically relevant model of glaucoma, demonstrating the exciting potential of this innovative strategy to identify novel effective neural repair candidates.
2022-08-20 | GSE206623 | GEO
Project description:Axon regeneration holds great promise for neural repair of CNS axonopathies, including glaucoma. Pten deletion in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) promotes potent optic nerve regeneration, but only a small population of Pten-null RGCs are actually regenerating RGCs (regRGCs); most surviving RGCs (surRGCs) remain non-regenerative. Here we developed a strategy to specifically label and purify regRGCs and surRGCs respectively from the same Pten deletion mice after optic nerve crush, in which they differ only in their regeneration capability. Smart-Seq2 single cell transcriptome analysis revealed novel regeneration-associated genes that significantly promote axon regeneration. The most potent of these, Anxa2, acts synergistically with its ligand tPA in Pten deletion-induced axon regeneration. Anxa2, its downstream effector ILK, and Mpp1 dramatically protect RGC somata and axons and preserves visual function in a clinically relevant model of glaucoma, demonstrating the exciting potential of this innovative strategy to identify novel effective neural repair candidates.
2022-08-20 | GSE206622 | GEO
Project description:A formidable challenge in neural repair in the adult central nervous system (CNS) is the long distances that regenerating axons often need to travel in order to reconnect with their targets. Thus, a sustained capacity for axon regeneration is critical for achieving functional restoration. Although deletion of either Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a negative regulator of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), or suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), a negative regulator of Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway, in adult retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) individually promoted significant optic nerve regeneration, such regrowth tapered off around two weeks after the crush injury. Remarkably, we now find that simultaneous deletion of both PTEN and SOCS3 enable robust and sustained axon regeneration. We further show that PTEN and SOCS3 regulate two independent pathways that act synergistically to promote enhanced axon regeneration. Gene expression analyses suggest that double deletion not only result in the induction of many growth-related genes, but also allow RGCs to maintain the expression of a repertoire of genes at the physiological level after injury. Our results reveal concurrent activation of mTOR and STAT3 pathways as a key for sustaining long-distance axon regeneration in adult CNS, a crucial step toward functional recovery. RNAs were extracted from FACS sorted YFP positive mouse retinal cells, and gene-profiled using affymetrix 1.0 ST expression arrays. Three hybridizations were performed for each group (Wild type after crush, PTEN Knockout+crush, SOCS3 Knockout+crush, and PTEN/SOCS3 double knockout+crush) with RNA samples collected from three independent FACS purifications. Data were analyzed using dChIP and SAM.
2011-10-27 | E-GEOD-32309 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Ribosomal proteins are involved in neurodevelopment and central nervous system (CNS) disease and injury. However, the roles of specific ribosomal protein subunits in developmental axon growth, and their potential as therapeutic targets for treating CNS injuries, are still poorly understood. Here, we show that ribosomal protein large (Rpl) and small (Rps) subunit genes are substantially (56-fold) enriched amongst the genes, which are downregulated during maturation of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) CNS projection neuron. We also show that RGC subtype-specific Rpl and Rps subunits are highly co-regulated, and partially re-upregulated after optic nerve crush (ONC). Because developmental downregulation of ribosomal proteins coincides with developmental decline in neuronal intrinsic axon growth capacity, we hypothesized that Rpl/Rps incomplete re-upregulation after injury may be a part of the cellular response which attempts to reactivate intrinsic axon growth mechanism. We found that experimentally upregulating Rpl7 and Rpl7A promoted axon regeneration after ONC in vivo. Finally, we characterized gene networks associated with Rpl/Rps, and showed that Rpl7 and Rpl7A belong to the cluster of genes, which are shared between translational and neurodevelopmental biological processes (based on gene-ontology) that are co-downregulated in maturing RGC during the decline in intrinsic axon growth capacity.
2023-08-28 | GSE240315 | GEO
Project description:Ribosomal proteins are involved in neurodevelopment and central nervous system (CNS) disease and injury. However, the roles of specific ribosomal protein subunits in developmental axon growth, and their potential as therapeutic targets for treating CNS injuries, are still poorly understood. Here, we show that ribosomal protein large (Rpl) and small (Rps) subunit genes are substantially (56-fold) enriched amongst the genes, which are downregulated during maturation of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) CNS projection neuron. We also show that RGC subtype-specific Rpl and Rps subunits are highly co-regulated, and partially re-upregulated after optic nerve crush (ONC). Because developmental downregulation of ribosomal proteins coincides with developmental decline in neuronal intrinsic axon growth capacity, we hypothesized that Rpl/Rps incomplete re-upregulation after injury may be a part of the cellular response which attempts to reactivate intrinsic axon growth mechanism. We found that experimentally upregulating Rpl7 and Rpl7A promoted axon regeneration after ONC in vivo. Finally, we characterized gene networks associated with Rpl/Rps, and showed that Rpl7 and Rpl7A belong to the cluster of genes, which are shared between translational and neurodevelopmental biological processes (based on gene-ontology) that are co-downregulated in maturing RGC during the decline in intrinsic axon growth capacity.
2023-08-28 | GSE240316 | GEO
Project description:Dnmt3a deficiency in retinal ganglion cells promotes axon regeneration in an optic nerve crush mouse model. To investigate the role of Dnmt3a in axon regeneration, retinal ganglion cells isolated from control and retinal ganglion cell-specific Dnmt3a knockout mice at 2 days post-crush were applied for Bulk RNA-seq analysis by NovaSeq platform.
2023-12-14 | GSE229033 | GEO