The immune defense of shrimp gills through Marsupenaeus japonicus gill C-type lectin (MjGCTL)
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PROVIDER: PRJNA418994 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:To present, the only known inv*olvement of the gills in the immune response of shrimp is solely assisting the hemocytes in filtering out the harmful factors. This global expression of novel genes revealed several immune-related genes specifically expressed in high amounts only in gills. This data provide new insights on the immune defense of shrimp.
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2020-05-30 | GSE151463 | GEO
Project description:How novel structures arise during evolution has long fascinated biologists. A dramatic example is how the diminutive bones of the mammalian middle ear arose from ancestral fish jawbones1. In contrast, the evolutionary origins of the outer ear, another mammalian innovation, remain a mystery, in part because it is supported by non-mineralized elastic cartilage rarely recovered in fossils. Whether the outer ear arose de novo or through reuse of ancestral developmental programs is unknown. Here we show that the outer ear shares gene regulatory programs with the gills of fishes and amphibians for both its initial outgrowth and later development of elastic cartilage. Comparative single-nuclei multiomics of the human outer ear and zebrafish gills reveals conserved gene expression and putative enhancers enriched for common transcription factor binding motifs. This is reflected by transgenic activity of human outer ear enhancers in gills, and fish gill enhancers in the outer ear. Further, single-cell multiomics of the cartilaginous book gills of horseshoe crabs reveal a shared DLX-mediated gill program with vertebrates, with a book gill distalless enhancer driving expression in zebrafish gills. We propose that elements of an invertebrate gill program were reutilized in vertebrates to generate first gills and then the outer ear.
2024-11-22 | GSE255678 | GEO
Project description:How novel structures arise during evolution has long fascinated biologists. A dramatic example is how the diminutive bones of the mammalian middle ear arose from ancestral fish jawbones. In contrast, the evolutionary origins of the outer ear, another mammalian innovation, remain a mystery, in part because it is supported by non-mineralized elastic cartilage rarely recovered in fossils. Whether the outer ear arose de novo or through reuse of ancestral developmental programs is unknown. Here we show that the outer ear shares gene regulatory programs with the gills of fishes and amphibians for both its initial outgrowth and later development of elastic cartilage. Comparative single-nuclei multiomics of the human outer ear and zebrafish gills reveals conserved gene expression and putative enhancers enriched for common transcription factor binding motifs. This is reflected by transgenic activity of human outer ear enhancers in gills, and fish gill enhancers in the outer ear. Further, single-cell multiomics of the cartilaginous book gills of horseshoe crabs reveal a shared DLX-mediated gill program with vertebrates, with a book gill distalless enhancer driving expression in zebrafish gills. We propose that elements of an invertebrate gill program were reutilized in vertebrates to generate first gills and then the outer ear.
2024-11-22 | GSE255677 | GEO
Project description:Gills of teleost fish represent a vital multifunctional organ; however, they are subjected to environmental stressors, causing gill damage. Gill damage is associated with significant losses in the Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry. Gill disorders due to environmental stressors are exacerbated by global environmental changes, especially with open-net pen aquaculture (as farmed fish lack the ability to escape those events). The local and systemic response to gill damage, concurrent with several environmental insults, are not well investigated. We performed field sampling to collect gill and liver tissue after several environmental insults. Using a 44K salmonid microarray platform, we aimed to compare the transcriptomes of pristine and moderately damaged gill tissue. The gill damage-associated biomarker genes and associated qPCR assays arising from this study will be valuable in future research aimed at developing therapeutic diets to improve farmed salmon gill health.
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Project description:Fish gills are not only the respiratory organ, but also essential for ion-regulation, acid-base control, detoxification, waste excretion and host defense. Multifactorial gill diseases are common in farmed Atlantic salmon, and still poorly understood. Understanding gill pathophysiology is of paramount importance, but the sacrifice of large numbers of experimental animals for this purpose should be avoided. Therefore, in vitro models, such as cell lines, are urgently required to replace fish trials. An Atlantic salmon gill epithelial cell line, ASG-10, was established at the Norwegian Veterinary institute in 2018. This cell line forms a monolayer expressing cytokeratin, e-cadherin and desmosomes, hallmarks of a functional epithelial barrier. To determine the value of ASG-10 for comparative studies of gill functions, the characterization of ASG-10 was taken one step further by performing functional assays and comparing the cell proteome and transcriptome with those of gills from juvenile freshwater Atlantic salmon. The ASG-10 cell line appear to be a homogenous cell line consisting of epithelial cells, which express tight junction proteins. We demonstrated that ASG-10 forms a barrier, both alone and in co-culture with the Atlantic salmon gill fibroblast cell line ASG- 13. ASG-10 cells can phagocytose and express several ATP-binding cassette transport proteins. Additionally, ASG-10 expresses genes involved in biotransformation of xenobiotics and immune responses. Taken together, this study provides an overview of functions that can be studied using ASG-10, which will be an important contribution to in vitro gill epithelial research of Atlantic salmon.
2024-01-26 | PXD044533 | Pride
Project description:Ectothermic vertebrates are different from mammals that are sensitive to hypothermia and they have to maintain core temperature for survival. Why and how ectothermic animals can survive, grow and reproduce in low temperature have been for a long time a scientifically challenging and important inquiry to biologists. We used a microarray to profile the gill transcriptome in zebrafish (Danio rerio) after exposure to low temperature. Adult zebrafish were acclimated to a low temperature of 12 °C for 1 (1-d) and 30 d (30-d), and the gill transcriptome was compared to wild types by oligonucleotide microarray hybridization. Results showed 11 and 22 transcripts were found to be upregulated by low-temperature treatment for 1-d and 30-d respectively, while 56 and 70 transcrips were downregulated. The gill transcriptome profiles revealed that ionoregulation-related gene was highly upregulated in cold-acclimated zebrafish. This observation encouraged us to investigate the role of ionoregulatory genes in zebrafish gills during cold acclimation. Cold acclimation caused upregulation of genes that are essential for ionocyte specification, differentiation, ionoregulation, and acid/base balance, and also increased the numbers of cells expressing these genes. mRNA expression of epithelial Ca2+ channel (ECaC), one of these genes, was increased in parallel with the level of Ca2+ influx, revealing a functional compensation after long-term acclimation to cold. Phospho-histone H3 and TUNEL staining showed that the cell turnover rate was retarded in cold-acclimated gills. These results suggest that gills may sustain their functions by yielding mature ionocytes from preexisting undifferentiated progenitors in low-temperature environments.
2008-09-01 | GSE7853 | GEO
Project description:Amoebic gill disease (AGD) is an ectoparasitic condition of some farm-reared marine fish and is caused by Neoparamoeba perurans. Tanks housing Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were inoculated with Neoparamoeba perurans and fish were sampled at 36 days postinoculation (pi.). AGD-affected gill tissue was dissected from N. perurans infected fish, and a DNA microarray was used to compare global gene expression against tissues from AGD-naive fish. To determine whether the changes in gene expression were restricted to AGD-lesions, lesion tissue from AGD-affected fish was also compared with non-lesion gill tissue dissected from the same gill arch. Samples were assessed using a DNA microarray. Keywords: comparative gene expression, parasite-induced lesion, Neoparamoeba perurans, amoebic gill disease
2007-11-15 | GSE9595 | GEO
Project description:Whereas the gill chambers of extant jawless vertebrates (lampreys and hagfish) open directly into the environment, jawed vertebrates have evolved skeletal appendages that promote the unidirectional flow of oxygenated water over the gills. A major anatomical difference between the two jawed vertebrate lineages is the presence of a single operculum covering a large common gill cavity in bony fishes versus separate covers for each gill chamber in cartilaginous fishes. Here we find that these divergent gill cover patterns correlate with the pharyngeal arch expression of Pou3f3 orthologs, and we identify a deeply conserved Pou3f3 arch enhancer that is present in nearly all jawed vertebrates but undetectable in lampreys. Despite only minor sequence differences, bony fish and cartilaginous fish versions of this enhancer are sufficient to drive the respective single versus multiple gill arch expression. In zebrafish, loss of Pou3f3 gene function or its conserved enhancer disrupts gill cover formation. Conversely, forced expression of Pou3f3b in the gill arches generates ectopic skeletal elements reminiscent of the multiple gill covers of cartilaginous fish. Emergence and modification of this ancient Pou3f3 enhancer may thus have contributed to the acquisition and diversification of gill covers during early gnathostome evolution.
2020-06-17 | GSE140636 | GEO
Project description:Amoebic gill disease (AGD) is an ectoparasitic condition of some farm-reared marine fish and is caused by Neoparamoeba perurans. Tanks housing Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were inoculated with Neoparamoeba perurans and fish were sampled at 36 days postinoculation (pi.). AGD-affected gill tissue was dissected from N. perurans infected fish, and a DNA microarray was used to compare global gene expression against tissues from AGD-naive fish. To determine whether the changes in gene expression were restricted to AGD-lesions, lesion tissue from AGD-affected fish was also compared with non-lesion gill tissue dissected from the same gill arch. Samples were assessed using a DNA microarray. mRNA from lesion and non-lesion gill tissue was amplified and labeled. Six biological and two technical replicates were utilised to hybridise to 12 arrays using amplified RNA from AGD-affected lesion gill tissue with AGD-naive fish as a control. Four biological and two technical replicates were utilised to hybridise to 8 arrays using amplified RNA from AGD-affected lesion gill tissue with non-lesion tissue from the same gill arch as a control. The assignment of microarrays to treatment groups for hybridization was randomised by using a random number generator.
2010-05-25 | E-GEOD-9595 | biostudies-arrayexpress