Project description:Purpose: To understand the effects of two different chemical forms of iron fertilizer on cadmium accumulation Methods:Cultivation and treatment for three weeks of dwarf Polish wheat seedlings by hydroponics, in triplicate, qRT–PCR validation was performed using TaqMan and SYBR Green assays Results: Iron fertilizer can effectively reduce cadmium concentration in plants Conclusions: Our study represents the different chemical forms of iron fertilizer have different mitigation effects on cadmium. The transcriptome gata showed that iron fertilizer have changed the cadimium metabolism
Project description:To investigate the effects of organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer on the growth and development of barley (Kunlun-14), a pot experiment was conducted. The study examined the impacts of different ratios of organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer nitrogen (0%, 40%, 100%, denoted as OFR0, OFR40, OFR100, respectively) on the growth characteristics, leaf carbon-nitrogen balance, and nitrogen metabolism enzyme activities of barley.
Project description:<p> Elymus breviaristatus is an important alpine forage, there is limited information regarding its potential use as silage and how fertilizer treatments affect the ensiling process in this forage crop. Here, we investigated how organic fertilizer (M), nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer (NPK), and Trichoderma harzianum fertilizer (B) affect E. breviaristatus silage quality (30 days and 60 days ensiling) via microbiome and metabolome analyses. Before ensiling, plant height and chlorophyll content increased by 29.93% and 39.72%, respectively, in the B group. After 60 days of ensiling, the M group had reduced crude protein and elevated butyric acid, the NPK group had higher ammonia nitrogen and butyric acid, and the B group had increased crude protein and lactic acid. These quality shifts correlated with microbial and metabolic changes. In the M group, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism was downregulated and Alternaria enriched, while the NPK group had enhanced flavone biosynthesis and a reduced level of Lactiplantibacillus. The B group had enhanced glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, and displayed the most complex microbial networks along with increased levels of Lactiplantibacillus and Aspergillus. Overall, these results demonstrate that Trichoderma-based fertilization enhances silage quality by promoting accumulation of beneficial microbes and increasing flux through specific metabolic pathways, potentially offering a sustainable strategy for alpine forage improvement.</p>
Project description:Conventional farming systems are highly reliant on chemical fertilizers (CFs), which adversely affect soil quality, crop production and the environment. One of the major current challenges of current agriculture is finding ways to increase soil health and crop yield sustainably. Manure application as a substitute for CF is an alternative fertilization strategy for maintaining soil health and biodiversity. However, little is known about the complex response of soil bacterial communities and soil nutrients to manure and CFs application. This study reports the response of soil nutrients, rice yield, and soil microbial community structure to 2 years of continuous manure and CFs application. The study consisted of six treatments: no N fertilizer control (Neg-Con); 100% CF (Pos-Con); 60% cattle manure (CM) + 40% CF (High-CM); 30% CM + 70% CF (Low-CM); 60% poultry manure (PM) + 40% CF (High-PM), and 30% PM + 70% CF (Low-PM). We used high-throughput sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicons to characterize the soil bacterial communities. Results revealed that the addition of manure significantly altered the soil bacterial community composition and structure; and enhanced the relative abundance of phyla Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Acidobacteria, and Planctomycetes. Organic fertilizer treatments, particularly high CM and PM had the highest measured soil bacterial diversity of all treatments. Similarly, integrated application of manure and CFs increased the soil biochemical traits [i.e., pH, total N (TN), soil organic C (SOC), microbial biomass N (MBN), and microbial biomass C (MBC)] and rice grain yield. Average increases in SOC, TN, MBN, and MBC were 43.66, 31.57, 24.34, and 49.45%, respectively, over the years in the High-PM compared with Pos-Con. Redundancy analysis showed that the dominant bacteria phyla were correlated with soil pH, SOC, TN, and microbial biomass, but the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was strongly correlated with environmental factors such as soil pH, SOC, TN, and MBC. We employed a structural equation model to examine the relationship between microbial biomass, soil nutrients and grain yield among treatments. This analysis supported the hypothesis that soil nutrient content and availability directly affect rice grain yield while soil bacteria indirectly affect grain yield through microbial biomass production and nutrient levels. Overall, the findings of this research suggest that the integrated application of CF and manure is a better approach for improving soil health and rice yield.