PD-1 through asparaginyl endopeptidase regulates FoxP3 Stability in Induced Regulatory T cells
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA454030 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:CD4+ T cell differentiation into multiple T helper lineages is critical for optimal adaptive immune responses. This report identified a novel intrinsic mechanism by which PD-1 signaling imparted regulatory phenotype to FoxP3+ Th1 cells (denoted as Tbet+iTregPDL1 cells) and iTregs. Tbet+iTregPDL1 cells were capable of preventing inflammation in murine models of experimental colitis and experimental graft versus host disease. PDL-1 binding to PD-1 imparted regulatory function to Tbet+iTregPDL1 cells and iTregs by specifically downregulating an endolysosomal protease asparaginyl endopeptidase (AEP) AEP regulated FoxP3 stability and blocking AEP imparted regulatory function in Tbet+iTregs cells. Also AEP-/- iTregs significantly inhibited GvHD and maintained FoxP3. Furthermore, PD-1 mediated FoxP3 maintenance in Tbet+Th1 cells occurred both in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and during chronic viral infection. Collectively, this report has identified a novel intrinsic function for PD-1 in converting Th1 cells into Tregs through an intrinsic proteolytic pathway
2018-08-30 | GSE113815 | GEO
Project description:CD4+ T cell differentiation into multiple T helper (Th) cell lineages is critical for optimal adaptive immune responses. This report identifies an intrinsic mechanism by which programmed death-1 receptor (PD-1) signaling imparted regulatory phenotype to Foxp3+ Th1 cells (denoted as Tbet+iTregPDL1 cells) and inducible regulatory T (iTreg) cells. Tbet+iTregPDL1 cells prevented inflammation in murine models of experimental colitis and experimental graft versus host disease (GvHD). Programmed death ligand-1 (PDL-1) binding to PD-1 imparted regulatory function to Tbet+iTregPDL1 cells and iTreg cells by specifically downregulating endo-lysosomal protease asparaginyl endopeptidase (AEP). AEP regulated Foxp3 stability and blocking AEP imparted regulatory function in Tbet+iTreg cells. Also, Aep-/- iTreg cells significantly inhibited GvHD and maintained Foxp3 expression. PD-1-mediated Foxp3 maintenance in Tbet+ Th1 cells occurred both in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and during chronic viral infection. Collectively, this report has identified an intrinsic function for PD-1 in maintaining Foxp3 through proteolytic pathway.
| S-EPMC6105434 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Regulatory T (Treg) cells play an indispensable role in immune homeostasis. The development and function of Tregs are dependent on transcriptional factor Foxp3, but how constant expression of Foxp3 is maintained in Tregs is not clear. Here we show that ablation of the conserved non-coding DNA sequence 2 (CNS2) at the Foxp3 locus in mice led to spontaneous lymphoproliferative disease and exacerbation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). CNS2 is required for activated Treg cells to maintain elevated Foxp3 expression, which is critical for their suppressor function and lineage stability. Mechanistically, upon TCR stimulation, NFAT binds to both CNS2 and Foxp3 promoter and mediates the interaction between CNS2 and Foxp3 promoter. Our findings demonstrated an essential role for CNS2 in maintaining the stability and function of activated Treg cells and identified NFAT as a key mediator of its function. Gene expression was profiled in T regulatory cells (Treg) in WT and CNS2 knockout mice. CNS2 knockout mice lack a conserved non-coding DNA sequence 2 (CNS2) at the Foxp3 locus. Treg cells were further sorted into Foxp3-high and Foxp3-low populations based on the expression level of Foxp3. mRNA was profiled using RNA-Seq (unstranded, polyA+, SE100) in replicate for each condition
2014-09-04 | E-GEOD-57272 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:FOXP3 exon 2 controls Treg stability and autoimmunity
| PRJNA820377 | ENA
Project description:The Foxp3 transcription factor is a crucial determinant of both regulatory T (TREG) cell development and their functional maintenance. Appropriate modulation of tolerogenic immune responses therefore requires tight regulation of Foxp3 transcriptional output, and this involves both transcriptional and post-translational regulation. Here, we show that during T cell activation, phosphorylation of Foxp3 in TREG cells can be regulated by a TGFβ Activated Kinase 1 (TAK1)-Nemo Like Kinase (NLK) signaling pathway. NLK interacts with Foxp3 in TREG cells and directly phosphorylates Foxp3 on multiple serine residues. This phosphorylation results in stabilization of Foxp3 protein levels by preventing association with the STUB1 E3-ubiquitin protein ligase, resulting in both reduced ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation. Conditional TREG cell NLK-knockout (NLKTREG) results in decreased TREG cell-mediated immunosuppression in vivo and NLK-deficient TREG cell animals develop more severe experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Our data suggest a molecular mechanism, in which stimulation of TCR-mediated signaling can induce a TAK1-NLK pathway to sustain Foxp3 transcriptional activity through stabilization of protein levels, thereby maintaining TREG cell suppressive function. Pharmacological manipulation of this phosphorylation-ubiquitination axis may provide therapeutic opportunities for regulating TREG cell function, for example during cancer immunotherapy.
2019-09-02 | PXD011164 | Pride
Project description:Differing from the mouse Foxp3 gene that encodes only one protein product, human FOXP3 encodes two major isoforms through alternative splicing – a longer isoform (FOXP3 FL) containing all the coding exons and the other shorter isoform lacking the amino acids encoded by exon 2 (FOXP3 ΔE2). The two isoforms are naturally expressed in humans yet their differences in controlling regulatory T cell phenotype and functionality remains unclear. Here we show that patients expressing only the shorter isoform failed to maintain self-tolerance and developed IPEX syndrome. Mice with Foxp3 exon 2 deletion developed excessive TFH and GC B cell responses and systemic autoimmune disease with anti-dsDNA and anti-nuclear autoantibody production and immune-complex glomerulonephritis. Regulatory T cells expressing FOXP3 ΔE2 were unstable and sufficient to induce autoimmunity when transferred into Tcrb-deficient mice. Mechanistically, FOXP3 ΔE2 isoform allows increased expression of selected cytokines but decreased expression of a set of Foxp3 positive regulators without altered binding to these gene loci. We demonstrate that exon 2 of FOXP3 is required to maintain Treg stability and immune homeostasis.
2022-06-27 | GSE199477 | GEO
Project description:Differing from the mouse Foxp3 gene that encodes only one protein product, human FOXP3 encodes two major isoforms through alternative splicing – a longer isoform (FOXP3 FL) containing all the coding exons and the other shorter isoform lacking the amino acids encoded by exon 2 (FOXP3 ΔE2). The two isoforms are naturally expressed in humans yet their differences in controlling regulatory T cell phenotype and functionality remains unclear. Here we show that patients expressing only the shorter isoform failed to maintain self-tolerance and developed IPEX syndrome. Mice with Foxp3 exon 2 deletion developed excessive TFH and GC B cell responses and systemic autoimmune disease with anti-dsDNA and anti-nuclear autoantibody production and immune-complex glomerulonephritis. Regulatory T cells expressing FOXP3 ΔE2 were unstable and sufficient to induce autoimmunity when transferred into Tcrb-deficient mice. Mechanistically, FOXP3 ΔE2 isoform allows increased expression of selected cytokines but decreased expression of a set of Foxp3 positive regulators without altered binding to these gene loci. We demonstrate that exon 2 of FOXP3 is required to maintain Treg stability and immune homeostasis.
2022-06-27 | GSE199277 | GEO
Project description:Regulatory T (Treg) cells play an indispensable role in immune homeostasis. The development and function of Tregs are dependent on transcriptional factor Foxp3, but how constant expression of Foxp3 is maintained in Tregs is not clear. Here we show that ablation of the conserved non-coding DNA sequence 2 (CNS2) at the Foxp3 locus in mice led to spontaneous lymphoproliferative disease and exacerbation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). CNS2 is required for activated Treg cells to maintain elevated Foxp3 expression, which is critical for their suppressor function and lineage stability. Mechanistically, upon TCR stimulation, NFAT binds to both CNS2 and Foxp3 promoter and mediates the interaction between CNS2 and Foxp3 promoter. Our findings demonstrated an essential role for CNS2 in maintaining the stability and function of activated Treg cells and identified NFAT as a key mediator of its function.
2014-09-04 | GSE57272 | GEO
Project description:CRISPR screen in regulatory T cells reveals ubiquitination modulators of Foxp3 stability
| PRJNA588260 | ENA
Project description:Differential gene expression in mouse splenic CD4+Foxp3-PD-1hi T cells
2018-12-01 | GSE95756 | GEO