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Dynamic changes in the epigenetic landscape are mandatory for acinar cell reprogramming and pancreatic carcinogenesis [ChIP-seq]

ABSTRACT: Dynamic changes in the epigenetic landscape are mandatory for acinar cell reprogramming and pancreatic carcinogenesis [ChIP-seq]

PROVIDER: PRJNA477454 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR7411480.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR7411490.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR7411481.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR7411491.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR7411482.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Dynamic changes in the epigenetic landscape are mandatory for acinar cell reprogramming and pancreatic carcinogenesis

Project description:Dynamic changes in the epigenetic landscape are mandatory for acinar cell reprogramming and pancreatic carcinogenesis

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Dynamic changes in the epigenetic landscape are mandatory for acinar cell reprogramming and pancreatic carcinogenesis [microarray]

Project description:Dynamic changes in the epigenetic landscape are mandatory for acinar cell reprogramming and pancreatic carcinogenesis [microarray]

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Dynamic changes in the epigenetic landscape are mandatory for acinar cell reprogramming and pancreatic carcinogenesis [microarray]

Project description:Pancreatic acinar cell reprogramming is described as a common hallmark in pancreatic regeneration and carcinogenesis, although the regulatory mechanisms are barely understood. To overcome limitations of cellular diversity posed by heterogeneous cell compositions and high stroma density in pathogenic tissue specimens, we have established a pure in vitro system mimicking the pancreatic carcinogenic sequence. With this model, we globally profiled for epigenetic and transcriptional alterations and demonstrate that regulatory key players and structural genes are extensively regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. A conditional knockout of the epigenetic repressor Ring1b showed that particularly the epigenetic silencing of acinar differentiation genes is a crucial step in acinar cell reprogramming and pancreatic cancer development. Moreover, a persistent epigenetic repression of these genes manifests tumor cell malignancy. Depletion or drug-dependent inhibition of Ring1b promoted tumor cell reprogramming towards a less aggressive phenotype offering new options for therapeutic intervention. Simone,Benitz

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Dynamic changes in the epigenetic landscape are mandatory for acinar cell reprogramming and pancreatic carcinogenesis [ChIP-seq]

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Metabolic reprogramming is an initial step in pancreatic carcinogenesis that can be targeted to inhibit acinar-to-ductal metaplasia

Project description:<p>Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer and is crucial for cancer progression, making it an attractive therapeutic target. Understanding the role of metabolic reprogramming in cancer initiation could help identify prevention strategies. To address this, we investigated metabolism during acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM), the first step of pancreatic carcinogenesis. Glycolytic markers were elevated in ADM lesions compared to normal tissue from human samples. Comprehensive metabolic assessment in three mouse models with pancreas-specific activation of KRAS, PI3K or MEK1 using Seahorse measurements, NMR metabolome analysis, mass spectrometry, isotope tracing and RNA-seq analysis revealed a switch from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis in ADM. Blocking the metabolic switch attenuated ADM formation. Furthermore, mitochondrial metabolism was required for de novo synthesis of serine and glutathione but not for ATP production. MYC mediated the increase in GSH intermediates in ADM, and inhibition of GSH synthesis suppressed ADM development. This study thus identifies metabolic changes and vulnerabilities in the early stages of pancreatic carcinogenesis.</p>

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mTORC1 and mTORC2 converge on the Arp2/3 complex to promote KrasG12D-induced acinar-to-ductal metaplasia and early pancreatic carcinogenesis

Project description:Oncogenic KrasG12D, a driver mutation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), induces neoplastic transformation of acinar cells through acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM). Here, we show that both functional complexes of mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase, mTORC1 and mTORC2) are specifically activated in ADM. Murine models uncover that mTORC1 and mTORC2 cooperate to promote KrasG12D-driven ADM development. Proteomic analyses identify Arp2/3 complex, an actin nucleator, as the common downstream effector: mTORC1 is responsible for the protein synthesis of Rac1 and Arp3 while mTORC2 promotes the Arp2/3 complex activity via Akt/Rac1 signalling. Genetic ablation of Arp2/3 complex completely arrests KrasG12D-driven ADM development. The Arp2/3 complex-mediated y-branching of actin network promotes the basolateral spread of filamentous actin, which is indispensable for acinar cells-initiated carcinogenesis. Induced by oncogenic KrasG12D, ADM is a metaplastic phenotype of acinar cells that requires extensive actin rearrangements. mTORC1 and mTORC2, downstream targets of KrasG12D, have well-established oncogenic functions in PDAC development. The actin-related protein 2/3 (Arp2/3) complex is the first identified actin nucleator. Regarded as textbook knowledge, it is activated by EGFR/Rac1 signalling to promote the polymerisation of branched actin filaments from pre-existing filaments in numerous biological contexts. Hereby, we identify that mTORC1 and mTORC2 attain a dual, yet non-redundant, regulatory role in promoting Arp2/3 complex function, which is responsible for generating basolateral filamentous actin in ADM. Thus, the role of Arp2/3 complex fills up the missing gap between putative oncogenic signals and actin dynamics underlying PDAC initiation.

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PHARMACOLOGICAL INHIBITION AND REVERSAL OF PANCREATIC ACINAR DUCTAL METAPLASIA

Project description:Acinar ductal metaplasia (ADM), is believed to be one of the earliest precursor lesions towards the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and maintaining the pancreatic acinar cell phenotype suppresses tumor formation. We report that pStat3 and HDAC inhibition can attenuate ADM in vitro and TSA treatment reverses the dedifferentiated phenotype to one that is more acinar. Our findings suggest that pharmacological inhibition or reversal of pancreatic ADM represents a potential therapeutic strategy for blocking ductal reprogramming of acinar cells.

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ST6Gal1 sialyltransferase promotes acinar to ductal metaplasia and pancreatic cancer progression

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